• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 1996

In this paper we emphasize the importance of architectural aspects of designing a handwritten numeral recognition program. and describe two architectural design.First, we describe the modular design of a numeral recognition program, and mention its advantages.In this design, a recognizer is composed of 10 binary subrecognizers each of which is responsible for only one class.Rule-based training and neural-based training are presented.Second, we connect two(or more)recognizers serially which we call pipelining connection.The second recognizer may act as verifier for the patterns recognized by the forst recognizer, or as second chance recognizer for the patterns rejected by the first recognizer.Our experimental results obtained till now show the merits of the proposed architectural designs.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.221-224
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• 2004

Comparisons of enzymatic method, gas chromatographic method, and the Iatroscan method for the determination of cholesterol in each parts of Korean squid were undertaken. The Iatroscan method was the most suitable procedure for the rapid and simple determination of net cholesterol concentration in parts of Korean squid. 5$\alpha$-cholestane is used as a good internal standard. The cholesterol contents in body, leg, viscera, eye, skin, and liver part of Korean squid, Todarodes pacificus STEEN STRUP by Iatroscan method were 178.9, 321.4, 168.9, 159.5, 608.8 and 634.2 mg%, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.65-76
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is to report the effect of Korean medical treatment on a patient suffered from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) occurred in pregnancy and worsened after birth. Methods : We treated the patient diagnosed as carpal tunnel syndrome by Korean medical treatment such as acupuncture, pharmacopuncture and herbal medicine at ⃝⃝Hospital of Korean Medicine from July 31th 2015 to August 6th 2015. And we evaluated changes of symptoms by Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Tinel sign, Phalen’s test, and Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging (DITI). Results : 1. Through Korean medical treatment, postpartum carpal tunnel syndrome was significantly improved. VAS was decreased from 4 to 2, Phalen’s test was manifested from 10 seconds to 26 seconds and Tinel sign was changed from positive to negative. 2. We compared the gap of temperature between palm and forearm before and after Korean medical treatment through DITI. The temperature on the right side was changed from 0.74℃ to 1.01℃ and the left one from 0.63℃ to 1.01℃. Conclusions : This case report shows that Korean medical treatment is useful to treat pregnancy-related carpal tunnel syndrome worsened after birth.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.46-56
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• 2015

Objectives : Cold hypersensitivity has been regarded to be associated with Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). This study aims to investigate the indicator of cold hypersensitivity of hands and evaluate the correlation between indicator of coldness of hands and Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Methods : We studied 55 patients with cold hypersensitivity of hands who visited in SeMyung University Hospital from 17 August 2015 to 21 August 2015. Thermometer and VAS scale were used for the diagnosis of cold hypersensitivity. After careful examination to rule out other disease which may affect thermometer and HRV data, patients were taken thermometer, those with thermal difference between upper arm (L4) and palm(P8), also asked to answer a VAS scale of cold hypersensitivity of hands, VAS more than 4 were enrolled for evaluation. Results : There was significant correlation between L4-P8 temperature difference and VAS score of cold hypersensitivity. In HRV data, normalized high frequency (HF normal) was significantly correlated with L4-P8 temperature difference, which was objective indicator of cold hypersensitivity of hands. Conclusions : L4-P8 temperature difference using thermometer is objective indicator of cold hypersensitivity, based on VAS scale. Cold hypersensitivity is highly related with ANS, regulating body heat and temperature. HRV is considered to be widely used in cold hypersensitivity in hands for evaluation of ANS.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.11-20
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cold hypersensitivity and bone mineral density. Methods 28 outpatients who visited OO University Oriental Hospital from July 11th, 2013 to August 28th, 2013 were analyzed. Patients were subjected to thermometer, and those with thermal difference greater than 0.3 ℃ between upper arm and palm and also with more than VAS 4 of cold hypersensitivity were diagnosed with cold sensitivity. Lumba spine (L2-4) and heel bone measurement were obtained on dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT). Results 1. There was statistically significant correlation between T-score of DEXA and body weight (0.522), BMI (0.643), OSTA (Osteoporosis elf-assesment Tool for Asians, 0.579), BMI, T-score and Z-score of QCT. OSTA and T-score of QCT (0.521) also had statistically significance. 2. There was no statistically significant correlation between body fat, abdominal obesity rate, degree of cold hypersensitivity, upper arm and palm's temperature difference, palm temperature, height and Z-score, T-score of QCT or T-sore of DEXA. Conclusions Bone mineral density was lower in women who had cold hypersensitivity of hand and feet. But there was no statistically significant correlation between bone mineral density and degree of cold hypersensitivity, upper arm and palm’s temperature difference.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.106-117
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is to report the clinical effect of oriental medicine on a patient suffering from endometriosis with chronic pelvic pain and other accompanied various symptoms. Methods : The 32 years old patient had suffered from endometriosis symptoms including pelvic pain, menstrual cramping, disuresia, and other pains over 8 years. The patient received herbal medication, acupuncture, abdominal moxibustion during 5 months of outpatient treatment. The clinical effects were evaluated through TSD (Total Symptom Distress) and EHP-5 (Short-From Endometriosis Health Profile Questionnaire). Results : The various clinical symptoms were improved during the treatment. The TSD and EHP-5 score also noticeably reduced. Conclusions : This case study showed that oriental medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment appeared to effectively reduce various symptom of endometriosis.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the efficacy of Korean Medical Therapy (KMT) for patients undergoing In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). Methods : We analysed clinical data of 61 patients who visited for KMT after IVF from January 2013 to December 2013. Results : 1. Above 2years (63.9%) was the most prevalent duration of infertility. 2. The mean age of patients was 36.0 years old. The most prevalent age was 31~35 (45.9%) and 36~49 (27.9%) was next. 3. Anjonicheon-tang was the most prevalent KMT prescription, followed by Sutae-hwan, Jogyeongjongok-tang . 4. Twenty seven patients (44.3%) succeeded in pregnancy. And twenty patients (32.8%) succeeded in delivery. 5. The average duration of KMT was 73.8 days. Pregnancy success group was treated for 78.1 days, and pregnancy fail group was treated for 57.0 days. As a result, pregnancy success group was more treated than pregnancy fail group by 21.1 days in KMT. Conclusions This study suggested that KMT affects improvement of the clinical pregnancy and delivery rate in IVF.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.152-163
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• 2018

Objectives: In recent studies, increased AMH level has been suggested as objective surrogate marker for diagnosis PCOS, one of the major causes of oligomenorrhea. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical effect of Korean medicine treatment on oligomenorrhea patient with increased Anti-mullerian hormone level, who can be diagnosed who can be ruled out PCOS. Methods: A 27 year old woman with oligomenorrhea was enrolled in this study. We measured serum hormone levels and ruled out PCOS. The patient received Korean medicine treatment for 3 months, we assessed the result of treatment through observation of the menstrual cycle and follow-up measurements of serum hormone levels. Results: 1. The patient had menstrual cycle regularly. 2. Increased serum AMH level of the patient decreased from 12.16 ng/ml to 8.51 ng/ml. 3. The other serum hormone levels such as testosterone, LH/FSH ratio decreased Conclusion: This case shows that Korean medicine treatment could have a beneficial effect on menstrual cycle and decrease the increased serum hormone levels of ruled out PCOS patient.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.33-49
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between Pattern identification instrument and biomarkers in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Methods: Pattern identification instrument questionnaire, Sasang constitutional test, body composition test, pulse analyzing test, laboratory test were performed and the results were analyzed. Correlation analysis was performed between pattern identification and laboratory test results. Results: Testosterone, SHBG, $17{\alpha}$-OH-progesterone, AMH were highest in the Kidney-Yang Deficiency (腎陽虛) group. LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio were the highest in the Endogenous Heat due to Yin Deficiency (陰虛內熱) group. DHEA-S was the highest in the Dampness-Heat in Liver Meridian (肝經濕熱) group. E2, Prolactin, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, Glucose (FBS), Insulin, HOMA-IR ratio, HbA1c were the highest in the Phlegm-Dampness (痰濕) group. Conclusions: In this study, we obtained basic data analyzing the correlation between pattern identification instrument and biomarkers in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. If further studies are performed, we expect to be able to obtain clues to study the mechanism of polycystic ovary syndrome.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.109-120
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatments on a chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (CPID). Methods: We treated 2 cases of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease patients with Korean herbal medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion. One patient is a 50 years old woman, who suffered from uterine bleeding, lower abdominal pain, right pelvic pain. She was treated with Gwichuligyeong-tang-gami and Samul-tang-gami. Other patient is a 40 year old woman, who appealed for pain such as pelvic pain, lower abdominal pain, urinary frequancy, dysuria. She was treated with Cheongpochugeo-tang. Both patients are taken acupuncture at Junggeuk (CV3), Gwanwon (CV4), Chagung (CA111), Sameumgyo (SP6), Eumneungcheon (SP9) and moxified at Gwanwon (CV4). Results: After treatments, their symptoms were remarkably improved. Conclusions: This study suggests that Korean medicine treatments have significant effect on reducing symptoms of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.