• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.146-155
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• 2011

Objectives: Since early developed measurement of Postpartum depression(PPD) doesn't reflect physical symptoms, we need to find out how PPD and related physical disorders are expressed in functional medical methods. The study was conducted to find out characteristics of 7 Zone diagnosis and postpartum physical symptoms on PPD. Methods: To 216 postpartum women who did normal delivery, we measured 7-zone-diagnosis Factor AA's height on 5th day and 15th day postpartum. And we surveyed EPDS and postpartum physical symptoms question on 15th day postpartum. Subjects were divided into normal and depression group by EPDS score. And we compared Factor AA's height between two groups and Factor AA's height change in each group. Results: In depression group, Factor AA's height was higher than normal group on 5th day and 15th day postpartum. In both groups Factor AA's height was decreased on 15th day compared to 5th day postpartum. In normal group 2, 6, 7 zone were significantly decreased and in depression group only 6 zone was significantly decreased. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that postpartum depression group has low recuperative power. And these can be judged by Factor AA's height change.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2011

Objectives: To characterize autonomic dysfunction in patients with Cold hypersensitivity, their heart rate variability(HRV) were measured and analyzed with cold hypersensitivity patients, compared with those of normal population. Methods: We studied 56 patients visiting Gangnam Kyung-hee korean hospital from 1st January 2010 to 31th December 2010. Heart rate variability were obtained from 28 female patients who suffer from cold hypersensitivity and 28 healthy female controls in resting state. We studied the difference of Heart rate variability between two groups by Independent T-test using SPSS for windows(version 17.0). Results: Standard deviation of NN interval(SDNN), total power(TP), Very low frequency(VLF) in patients with cold hypersensitivity were significantly different with those of controls. While no significant differences were observed in square root of mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD), low frequency (LF) and high frequency(HF). Conclusions: The decreased values of heart rate variability(HRV) study means that they may have some kinds of imbalance in autonomic nervous system in cold hypersensitivity patients. heart rate variabiliry(HRV) study might be a tool of diagnosis and predictors in cold hypersensitivity patients.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.98-108
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio and dysmenorrhea, history of gynecological disease, heart rate varibility(HRV). Methods: From May 1st 2011 to July 10th 2011, a total of 40 female subjects (age 20-39) were recruited. We evaluated the menstruation condition by questionnaires including VAS(Visual Analog Scale), VRS(Verbal Rating Scale) and MVRS (Multidimensional Verbal Rating Scale), also measured subject's WBC differential count and HRV. Results: 1. There was no statistically significant difference in granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio according to menstruation cycle, duration, amount, color, and blood clot. 2. There was no statistically significant difference in VAS, VRS, MVRS mean scores between normal group and abnormal group according to granulocyte/ lymphocyte ratio. 3. The past prevalence of gynecological disease of abnormal group showed significantly higher compared with that of normal group($x^2$=6.578, p=0.010). 4. LF/HF ratio and granulocyte ratio significantly showed positive correlation ($r_s$=0.311 p=0.048) and LF/HF ratio and lymphocyte ratio significantly showed negative correlation($r_s$=-0.319 p=0.045). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the gynecologic diseases are related to disorder of autonomic nervous system, but not dysmenorrhea. And the balance state of sympathetic/parasympathetic nerve infered through granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio and HRV seems to be consistent. However, reconfirmation through further studies is needed.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2011

Objectives: Oligomenorrhea is clinically important because it can be progressed to amenorrhea. The purpose of this study is to analyse the characters of oligomenorrheic patients by comparison normal menstrual cycle group and oligomenorrheic group of BMI, Yangdorak, menarche. Methods: We studied 58 patients visiting $\bigcirc\;\bigcirc$ Medical Center from May 1st, 2010 to April 30th, 2011. 29 oligomenorrheic group and 29 normal menstrual cycle group were compared with BMI, Yangdorak, menarche. The SPSS 12.0 for windows was used to analyse the data. Results: Mean BMI of oligomenorrheic group was lower than normal menstrual cycle group and statistically significant. Mean H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6 of oligomenorrheic group was lower than normal menstrual cycle group and statistically significant. Mean menarche of oligomenorrheic group was lower than normal menstrual cycle group, but there was no statistical significance. Conclusions: The results suggest that diagnosis of oligomenorrheic patients by stress would be useful Yangdorak.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2007

Purpose: Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and Ecliptae Herba has long been used for clinical therapy associated especially with menopausal symptoms in Korea. To provide a scientific rationale for such use, we have investigated the antioxidant and vasorelaxant effects of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Ecliptae Herba and its mixture. Methods: The antioxidant activity of the extracts from Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Ecliptae Herba and its mixture were evaluated and compared with that of BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), vitamin C and vitamin E, using the ${\alpha}$,${\alpha}-diphenyl-{\beta}-picrylhydrazyl$ (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Results: Antioxidant activity of all extracts using the DPPH radical scavenging method decreased in the order vitamin C>BHA>vitamin E>Ligustri Lucidi Fructus>Ligustri Lucidi Fructus:Ecliptae Herba(1:1)>Ecliptae Herba>BHT. The vasorelaxant effects of extracts were investigated on the vasomotor tone of the rat thoracic aorta in an organ bath. All of the extracts elicited along-term relaxing response in the endothelium-intact as well as endothelium-denuded rat aorta contracted with norepinephrine. This relaxant effect was abolished by Precontraction with 72 mM KCI. Thus, it is suggested that the mechanism of vasorelaxant effect of extracts not involve voltage-operated $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocking but receptor-mediated route. Conclusion: These antioxidant and vasorelaxant effecs of the extracts may contribute to the beneficial effects in postmenopausal women.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.107-123
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• 2007

Purpose: Endometriosis has been thought to be related with blood stasis in uterus. Pinelliae Tuber is a herb which has effectiveness of dispelling phlegm which can be transformed into blood stasis, so is used in gynecology blood stasis-desease. Therefore in the present study, the effects of Pinelliae Tuber on endometriosis were investigated. Also retention enema therapy acts on the limited part directly, so is used frequently in gynecology clinic. This study was to examine the comparative effects on the surgical induction of endometriosis in the rat between orally and rectally administered with Pinelliae Tuber extract. Methods: The endometrial tissue was autografted to Rat's small intestine. Rats with surgically induced endometriosis were orally and rectally administerd with Pinelliae Tuber extract for 40 days. Size of ectopic uterine implants at the serosal wall and concentration of progesterone, estradiol, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-I0 in serum were examined and compared with the control group. Results: There was no difference in the size of ectopic uterine implants of experimental group compared with control group. The concentration of IL-10 level was significantly decreased in orally administered experimental group and the concentration of progesterone, IL-6 level was significantly decreased in rectally administered experimental group. There was no significant difference between orally and rectally administerd with Pinelliae Tuber. Conclusion: Judging from the above results, it can be suggested that Pinelliae Tuber should be not a useful agent for inhibiting the proliferation of uterine endometrial tissue. There is no difference between orally and rectally administerd with Pinelliae Tuber extract.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

Purpose : These experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effect of adminis tration of JokyungSan on ovarian functions and differential gene expressions related cell viabilities caspase-3, MAPK and MPG in female mice. Methods : We administered the JokyungSan to 6-week-old female ICR mice for 4, 8, or 12 days. The female mice were injected PMSG and hCG for ovarian hyperstimulation. We chose the caspase-3 for cell apoptosis, MAPK and MPG genes for cell viability and DNA repair. To compare the differences, we set a control group treated with plain water at the same volume by the same way. Results : In case of 4-day administration of JokyungSan, the mean number of total ovulated oocytes and the number of morphologically normal oocytes increased significantly compared to a control group. The administration of JokyungSan, were beneficial effect of embryonic development in preimplantation period and play a role of prevention of cell apoptosis and DNA damages and also increased cell proliferation resulted in ovarian functions. Conclusion : From our results suggested that the medication of JokyungSan has beneficial effect on reproductive functions of female mice via prevention of cell apoptosis and DNA damaging and promotion of cell proliferation.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.124-138
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial effects of the interior warming herbs on vaginal microbes. Methods: Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis were used for vaginitis-induced microbes. Lactobacillus gasseri, Streptococcus spp. and Escherichia coli HB101 were used for normal vaginal florae. And herbs for warming the interior (Zingiberis Rhizoma, Alpiniae Officinari Rhizoma, Aconiti Tuber, Anethi Fructus, Evodiae Fructus, Cinnamomi Cortex Spissus, Caryophylli Flos, Aconiti Tube, Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Piperis Longi Fructus, Piperis Nigri Fructus) were used in this study. Antimicrobial activities were tested by the change of optical densities (OD) and colony test in vitro. Results: In the results of vaginitis-induced microbes, Anethi Fructus was decreased the OD values on MRSA and Gardnerella vaginalis and Aconiti Tuber was decreased on MRSA. There were no viable MRSA and Gardnerella vaginalis colony forming against Evodiae Fructus, Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA colony forming against Piperis Longi Fructus, Staphylococcus aureus colony forming against Piperis Nigri Fructus and MRSA colony forming against Zanthoxyli Pericarpium. In the results of normal vaginal florae, Zingiberis Rhizoma was decreased the OD values on Streptococcus spp. and all normal vaginal florae were showed viable colony forming against all experimental herbs. Conclusion: According to these results, we can suggest that some kinds of interior warming herbs have antimicrobial effects on vaginal microbes. So there might be needed to make furthermore studies to seek the herbs which have selective antimicrobial effect on pathologic vaginal microbes.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.139-154
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• 2007

Purpose: This study examined the Cell differentiation and the anti-oxidative effect of Dioscoreae Rhizoma on HeLa cells. We are interested in whether Dioscoreae Rhizoma is capable of causing apoptosis processes on HeLa cell, and whether cotreatment of NCS with Dioscoreae Rhizoma reduces cell viability. Methods: We used aqueous extract to treat HeLa cell with different concentrations treated with a water or a MeOH extract of Dioscoreae Rhizoma (0, x10, x20, x40, x80). The MTT (3, (4, 5-dimethyl-thiazol) 2, 5-diphenyl-tetraxolium bromide) reduction assay was employed to quantify the differences in cell activity and viability. Cells were stained with DAPI and visualized by fluorescent Microscope. The caspase-3, Bcl-2, PARP, p53 expression level was monitored using western-blotting techniques. The patterns of the changes in expression were scanned and analyzed. Results: The survival rate of cells treated with Dioscoreae Rhizoma extracts increased by 20% at specific concentration. The other side Dioscoreae Rhizoma extracts induced apoptotic features including chromatin condensation and fragmentation. And Dioscoreae Rhizoma extracts increased the expression of caspase-3, p53 and the cleavage of PARP protein. However, co-treatment with Dioscoreae Rhizoma with NCS attenuated the activations of p53 and PARP protein that were mediated by NCS treatment alone. This is indicated Dioscoreae batatas extracts attenuated cytotoxicity induced by oxidative agents including NCS. Conclusion: Our results suggest Dioscoreae Rhizoma extracts induce cell differentiation or apoptosis connected with concentration. Further elucidation of concentration of Dioscoreae Rhizoma awaits many other biochemical investigative studies.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.43-59
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• 2007

Purpose : Astragalus membranaceus is a herb which has effectiveness of energy increase, protection against pathogenic and organ immune response control. Endometriosis has been thought to be related with immune response in uterus. Therefore in this study, the effects of Astragalus membranaceus on endometriosis were investigated. Methods : The endometrial tissue was autografted to rat's small intestine. Rats with surgically induced endometriosis was administerd with Astragalus membranaceus extracts for 40 days orally or rectally. We observed the size of ectopic uterine implants at the mesenteric with the naked eye and examined the concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in serum. Also, we inquired out the efficiency between oral and rectal administration groups. Results : The size of ectopic uterine implants of oral and rectal treated groups were much smaller than those of control groups. The concentration of estradiol, progesterone. $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-2 were significantly decreased in oral administration experimental group compared with the control group. The concentration of progesterone were significantly decreased in rectal administration experimental group compared with the control group. The efficiency of oral administration group was better than that of rectal administration group in the serum concentration of estradiol, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-2. Conclusion : Our data suggest that Astragalus membranaceus reduce the size of ectopic uterine implants at the mesenteric wall and inhibit the growth of ectopic uterine implants. Judging from the above results, it can be suggested that Astragalus membranaceus should be a useful agent for inhibiting the proliferation of uterine endometrial tissue. May be, oral administration of Astragalus membranaceus is more effective than rectal administration for inhibiting the proliferation of endometriosis.