• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.667-675
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• 2016

The goal of this study is to be used as baseline data for transportation demand management. At the present time the number of registered car and householding car is increasing, so there is a need to analyze the car ownership pattern through household car hold status. Also, it is necessary to analyze the factor of increasing car. The research is proceeded with classifying as the household which is holding private cars or holding passenger cars and non passenger cars based on the result of the research of the household travel survey data. The result of this study is shown as follows. According to car ownership pattern, there are more households holding passenger cars only when they are holding less than 2 cars. Otherwise there are more households holding passenger car and non passenger car when they are holding more than 3 cars. Using the Ordered Logit Model, there are more differences in factors affects holding cars by variables of housing type and household properties.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 1993

This survey was performed to investigate the holding amount of the various kinds of cooking tools of the farm and fishing villages in Chungnam area. The results were as follows: 1. The holding ratio of refrigerators was the highest (97.9%), and that of toasters was the lowest (1.9%) among the electric tools. 2. The holding ratio of gas-ranges was the highest (95.7%) and that of gas oven-ranges was the lowest (1.2%) among 4 kinds of gas tools under investigation. 3. The holding amount of pans was the highest among the cooking tools and that of wicker baskets was very high among the small cooking tools. The holding ratios of egg-cutters and lemon-squeezers were very low (4.1% and 2.9%, respectively). 4. The holding ratios of various kinds of cooking tools were related to the housewife's educational background and family income.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.199-219
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• 2006

Retention schedule is the most essential tool for accurate documentation of government activities. The purpose of this study is to provide a guideline for redesigning retention schedules to support systematic documentation of government activities, that can replace the existing retention schedule ('bunryukijunpyo'). This present paper begins with articulating the role of retention schedules in life cycle management of records based on ISO 15489. And it compares and analyses 'disposal authorities' of Australia, 'records schedules' of United States. and the existing records retention schedules of Korea, in terms of types, structure and components of retention schedules. Based on these analyses, it suggests directives to redesign the retention schedules at the state level.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.857-865
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• 2016

This study analyzes 'willingness to have passenger cars' through perception survey about car use and possession. Social problems caused by increasing car use are serious. Because of the fact that 78.9% of registered vehicles are passenger cars and 75.3% of passenger cars are private cars, passenger cars are main reason of Social problems caused by using a car. So, we need to analyze the reason why people possess cars and need additional cars. Also we need to study about 'willingness to possess additional cars' through analysis of perception about car use and ownership. According to survey results, most households possess cars as means of commute, and most households need additional cars as means of commute to office, leisure, kids' commute to school and academy. Also we used Structural Equation Model to analyze car use and 'willingness to possess additional cars' according to ownership. Analysis results showed that car use is positively impacted by driving and usage perception, and negatively impacted by social problems such as parking, traffic congestion, traffic environment, and etc. Also, results showed that the number of car is positively impacted by usage perception, and negatively impacted by expenses. In case of 'willingness to have additional cars', is positively impacted by intention to use cars and negatively impacted by car ownerships. We think research results can be used as basic data to manage traffic demand.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.763-765
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• 2004

본 연구는 간경변을 보유한 환자의 복부 CT 영상을 이용하여 비장의 웨이브 패턴(wave pattern)을 관찰하였는데 정상간을 보유한 환자의 복부 CT 영상과 차이가 있음을 발견하였다. 본 논문은 관찰된 두 가지 원리를 바탕으로 복부 CT 영상에서 비장의 웨이브 패턴을 이용하여 간경변을 효과적으로 진단하는 새로운 방법을 제시한다. 본 논문에서 실험에 사용한 영상들의 경우에 꼬리엽과 우엽의 비율로써 간경변을 보유한 영상임을 알 수 있는 경우에는 모두 비장의 웨이브 패턴 테스트들로써 간경변 보유 판정 결과를 얻었다. 이는 꼬리엽과 우엽의 비율 테스트를 생략하고 비장만으로 간경변 보유간을 판정해 낼 수 있음을 말해주는 것이다.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.83-97
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• 2014

This study examined the effects institutional block ownership on the stock market liquidity in Korean Stock Market. The two measures of institutional block ownership are used. They are the percentage of a stock owned by institutional blockholder and the number of institutional blockholder that own the stock. This study used the Amihud(2002) illiquidity measure to measure stock market liquidity. The results are as fellows. First, this study showed that the number of institutional blockholder is significantly negatively correlated with the Amihud(2002) illiquidity measure in the analysis which is used the whole data. But we found no a consistent results between the number of institutional blockholder and the Amihud(2002) illiquidity measure in the grouped institutional blockholder's number analysis. This indicates that the effects institutional blockholder on market liquidity is not simple. Second, this study showed that the percentage of a stock owned by institutional blockholder are negatively related with Amihud(2002) illiquidity measure, especially revealed statistically significant in the group 3(11.71%~17.38%) and group 4(7.45%~11.65%). This results suggest that the institutional blockholder have positive effect on the market liquidity in the group 3 and 4. Third, the significance of the percentage of institutional block ownership and the number of institutional block ownership in explaining illiquidity are more showed in the term of the global financial crisis(2008) than the before and the after of the global financial crisis.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.61-78
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of cash holdings on internationalization of listed manufacturing firms. We explore moderating effect of managerial ownership between cash holdings and internationalization of firms. We analysed cross-sectional data of 645 listed companies from 2000 to 2013 using the fixed effects estimation. Empirical results showed that the there was a positive significant relation between cash holdings and internationalization of firms This study also found that managerial ownership have a significant negative moderating effects in the pathway between cash holdings and internationalization Cash liquidities can be rapidly induced internationalization. Managerial ownership increase agency cost, therefore, it might have a negative effects on internationalization These results suggest that agency cost with cash holdings is very important for cash management.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.319-325
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• 2023

This study investigates the impact of over-investment on the market value of cash holdings. In addition, this paper examines whether the effect of over-investment on the value of cash holdings differs depending on firms' ownership structure. The results show that increase in over-investment reduces the market value of cash holdings. This suggests that investors perceive that over-investment deteriorates future business performance and generates excessive burdens on future cash flows. As a result, they provide negative evaluation on the market value of cash holdings. In addition, the negative impact of over-investment on the market value of cash holdings is more significant for owner manager firms where managers hold a high level of equity. Such empirical results imply that owner manager firms are more likely to use their cash holdings for private interest, therefore, over-investment reduces the cash value to a greater extent. This study provides empirical evidence that the effect of over-investment on the market value of cash holdings varies depending on the characteristics of firms' ownership structure.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.1 s.47
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

The design practice of the lateral resisting system has been traditionally dependent on the experience and know-how of a structural engineer. And the method to reflect the evaluation results of building's capacity on design process doesn't exist. The proposal of a rational design of the lateral load resisting system is based on the available full capacity $(R_{ac})$ of a building and the minimum required capacity $(R_{code})$ suggested in the code. This study suggests thai nonlinear static analysis, which is the estimation of the lateral capacity with the pushover analysis, be included in the existing design procedure of the structure. After finishing the basic structural design, the lateral resisting capacity ol a building is estimated. At the phase of nonlinear static analysis, pushover analysis is peformed to define the fully yielded baseshear $(V_Y)$. When the design wind baseshear $(V_{wind})$ is bigger than the design seismic baseshear $(V_D)$, the value is checked to determine whether or not it is smaller than the $V_Y$. After confirming that it is smaller, the $R_{ac}$ of the structure is computed. If the $V_D$ is bigger at first, only the $R_{ac}$ is computed. When the value of the estimation shows remarkable differences with the $R_{code}$, repetition of the design modification is needed for those approximate to the $R_{code}$. Application of the proposed design procedure to 2-D steel braced RC buildings has proven to be efficient.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.161-180
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• 1993

본 논문의 목적은 일본기업집단(日本企業集團)의 재무(財務) 및 소유구조상(所有構造上)의 대표적 특징이라고 할 수 있는 상호주식보유(相互株式保有)에 대하여 역사적 형성과정을 살펴보고 기업재무입장에서 그 기능 및 역할을 분석하여 시사점을 얻는 것이다. 상호주식보유의 역사적 형성과정을 보면 2차 대전후 일본의 주요 재벌이 해체되고 강력한 소유분산정책이 시행되었지만 증자의 어려움과 경영권 침해라는 문제를 해결하는 차원에서 금융기관을 중심으로한 상호주식보유의 원형이 형성되었고 그후의 진행과정도 소유분산의 부작용을 해소하는 차원에서 진행되었다. 상호주식보유가 갖는 기업재무상의 의미는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성숙되지 못한 자본시장을 대신하여 경영자를 감시할 수 있는 메카니즘으로 해설될 수 있다. 둘째, 광범위한 상호주식보유로 일본의 주요은행을 거래기업들에 대해서 채권자임과 동시에 유력주주가 되고 있는델 이러한 구조는 기업의 부채사용에 따른 대리인문제(代理人問題)(ageney cost of risky debts)를 해결하여 일본기업의 자본비용을 낮추는데 기여하고 있는 것으로 분석된다.