• Title/Summary/Keyword: 병원성세균

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Comparative Analysis of Host Insect Immunodepression Induced by Two Entomopathogenic Bacteria, Xenorhabdus nematophilus and Staphylococcus gallinarum, with Differential Pathogenicities (병원력 차이를 보이는 두 곤충병원세균(Xenorhabdus nematophilus와 Staphylococcus gallinarum)의 면역저하 능력 비교 분석)

  • 박영진;김길호;김용균
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.353-360
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    • 2003
  • Immunodepression can be required for entomopathogenic bacteria to induce their potent pathogenicities to the target insects. Here, we raise a hypothesis that the capacity of a pathogenic bacterium to induce the target insect immunodepression has positive relationship with the degree of pathogenicity. X. nematophilus had 1,200 times as potent as another entomopathogenic bacterium, Staphylococcus gallinarum against the fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori, when they were Injected into the hemocoel. Although both bacteria had significant cytotokic effect on the hemocytes of B. mori, X. nematophilus gave faster and greater cytotoxicity than did S. gallinarum. In cellular immune reactions, B. mori could form 20 hemocyte nodules against the bacterial injection with 5${\times}$10$\^$5/ cells. The number of the hemocyte nodules was significantly depressed when live X. nematophilus was inject-ed, but not in S. gallinarum. Activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) was depressed in the bacterial injection. The depression of PO activation was significantly greater in X. nematophilus infection than in S. gallinarum injection. Lysozyme activity was induced by the injection of S. gallinarum at 4 h after the treatment, but not induced in X. nematophilus at all the time. These results showed that X. nemato-philus induced greater immunodepression against B. mori and resulted in higher pathogenicity than did S. gallinarum. Therefore, this study suggests that the immunodepression induced by entomopathogenic bacteria has positive relationship with their pathogenicity.

어류양식용 사료의 위생화. I. 어류유래 병원성 세균에 대한 방사선 조사의 효과

  • 김세라;이종환;조성기;변명우;김성호
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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    • 2001.09a
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    • pp.23-23
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    • 2001
  • 대표적인 어류질병의 원인이 되는 주요 병원성 미생물인 에드워드균(Edwardsiella tarda), 비브리오균(Vibrio anguillarum), 연쇄구균(Streptococcus faecalis)의 방사선 감수성을 파악하고, 주요 생어사료재료 3종(고등어, 전어, 새우) 및 배합사료 1종을 대상으로 일반세균의 방사선 멸균 효과 및 생어사료에 병원성 세균을 인위적으로 오염시킨 후 방사선 조사에 의한 멸균 효과를 파악하였다. (중략)

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The Bacterial Gall of Wistaria floribunda Caused by Pantoea agglomerans pv, milletiae (Pantoea agglomerans pv. milletiae에 의한 등나무 혹병)

  • 김종완;임진우
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.145-149
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    • 2001
  • A pathogenic bacterium was isolated from galls on Wistaria floibunda at Jinryang of Kyungsan, Kyungbuk, Korea in May, 2000. This bacterium was cultured and tested for pathogenicity on the host. Also its morphological and physiological characteristics were examined. Inoculation with the bacterium isolated from the gall caused the same symptoms as those under natural conditions. On the basis of bacteriological characteristics and pathogenecity on the host plant of the organism, the causal bacterium was identified as Pantoea agglomerans pv. milletiae. This is the first report of this bacterium to occur on W. floribunda plant in Korea. Therefore we proposed to name the disease as "bacterial gall of Wistaria floribunda" by P. agglomerans pv. milletiae.milletiae.

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Bacterial Soft rot of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana by Erwinia herbicola in Korea (Erwinia herbicola 의한 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana세균성무름병)

  • 최재을;이은정
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.15-18
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    • 2000
  • A new bacterial disease was found on leaves of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana plant grown under vinyl-house condition in winter of 1998 in Taejeon. the first symptoms of the disease are the appearance of the water-soaked and light brown spots. Later they become soft rot with brown color. Causal bacteria were isolated from diseased tissues and the same symptoms as the natural infection were developed on Kalanchoe blossfeldiana leaves by needle-prick inoculation. The causal bacterium was identified Erwinia hervicola by its bacteriological characteristics. This is the first reported of this bacterium to occur on kalanchoe blossfeldiana plant in Korea. Therefore, we proposed to name the diseases as \"bacterial soft rot of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana\" by E. herbiocla.

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PCR 방법에 의한 세균성 식중독균의 다중${\cdot}$동시 검출

  • Park, Ju-Yeon;Mun, Seon-Yeong;Lee, Gyeong-Ha;Nam, Jeong-Ok;Nam, Bo-Ra;Kim, Jin-Man
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.346-349
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    • 2005
  • 병원성미생물을 분리${\cdot}$동정하는 방법으로 선택배지를 이용하는 검사방법은 4${\sim}$7일의 시간이 소요되는 단점이 있으며, 기존의 PCR방법은 대부분 단일 병원성 미생물만을 검출할 수 있는 반면 본 연구에서 사용된 시스템은 6종류의 세균성 식중독균을 한 번의 분석으로 확인할 수 있었기 때문에 비용과 분석시간을 대폭 절감하는 효과가 있었다. Fig. 1은 6종류의 세균성 식중독균이 혼합된 시료에 각각의 단일 프라이머를 이용하여 특이성을 확인한 결과이며, Fig. 2는 멀티플렉스 프라이머를 이용하여 각각의 세균성 식중독균 열 추출 시료에 대한 특이성을 확인한 결과이다. PCR 산물들이 사다리(ladder) 형태로 증폭됨으로써 동시에 6종류의 세균성 식중독균을 용이하게 확인할 수 있었다(Lane 1${\sim}$Lane 6). 또한 3종류의 세균성 식중독균이 혼합된 열 추출시료에서도 특이적인 PCR 증폭 산물들을 탐지할 수 있었다(Lane 10 & Lane 11).

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Protection of Tobacco Plants from Bacterial Wilt with an Avirulent Isolate of Pseudomonas solanacearum (비병원성 Pseudomonas solanacearum을 이용한 담배 세균성마름병의 방제)

  • Yi Y. K.;Kim J. H.;Park W. M.
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.17-21
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    • 1985
  • Microbial antagonism between virulent and avirulent isolates of Pseudomonas solanacearum was studied in relation to the control of bacterial wilt of tobacco. In nutrient broth media or in soil, the avirulent isolate of P. solanacearum grew faster than did the virulent one. Inhibitory effect of avirulent isolate against growth of virulent one was negligible in mixed culture of the two isolates. The disease severity of bacterial wilt was significantly reduced when the roots of cultivar BY 4 susceptible to bacterial wilt was dipped in suspension of an avirulent isolate for 6 hours prior to transplanting to the soil infested with virulent bacteria. When the seedlings of tobacco were poured with the suspension of an avirulent isolate onto the soil in pre-planting pots 24 hours before ransplanting, there was a significant reduction in disease severity in the field. However, the reduction was noticed until early July, but after middle of July, no difference between the avirulent isolate-treated and non-treated plants was found in severity of the bacterial wilt.

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Changes of Indicator Microorganisms and Pathogenic Bacteria in Spinach during Cook-Chill Process (시금치의 cook-chill 가공 중 오염지표균 및 병원성세균의 변화)

  • Kim, Hye-Jung;Park, Jae-Kap;Lee, Dong-Sun;Paik, Hyun-Dong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.927-930
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    • 2002
  • Spinach minimally processed using cook-chill and sous vide techniques was vacuum-packed in low gas permeable plastic film, pasteurized at $70^{\circ}C$ for 2 min, cooled rapidly at $3^{\circ}C$, and stored at 3 and $10^{\circ}C$. Contents of mesophilic bacteria, psychrophilic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, spore-forming bacteria, total coliforms, yeast and molds, fecal Streptococcus, and Enterobacteriacea were measared to identify the degree of food contamination. Number of mesophilic bacteria, detected at $2.2{\times}10^8\;cfu/g$ in raw spinish, decreased to about $6.0{\times}10^3\;cfu/g$ after cook-chill process. During the storage at 3 or $10^{\circ}C$, levels of mesophilic, psychrophilic and anaerobic bacteria increased, whereas total coliforms, yeast and molds, fecal Streptococcus, and Enterobacteriacea were not detected. Twelve strains of Aeromonas hydphila, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus, Campylococcus spp., Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus were examined for detecting the presence of pathogenic bacteria in spinach. B. cereus and C. perfringens were isolated from raw, washed, and cook-chilled spinach, whereas A. hydrophila was isolated only from washed spinach. S. aureus was isolated from raw and washed spinach, but not from cook-chilled spinach. Other pathogenic organisms were not detected in raw, washed, and cook-chilled spinach.

Root Rot of Panax Ginseng Caused by Serratia liquefaciens (Serratia liquefaciens에 의한 인삼뿌리썩음병)

  • Dong Gi Kim;Soon Gu Lee;Young Keun Lee;Jong Pal Lee;Ki Chai Jung
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.8-12
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    • 2004
  • The diseased ginseng plants, their trunks fall down anil roots rot, were observed in ginseng cultivation field at Bongwha, Kyungbuk. Inoculation of the bacterium isolated from root rot lesion induced a range of symptoms on leaves, trunks and roots; The bacterium caused wilting with chlorosis and black discoloration on leaves, empty of inside trunks and rot on roots. The bacterium was identified as Serritia liquefaciens based on the morphologcal and physiological characteristics. This is the first report in Korea on roots rot of ginseng occurred by S. liquefaciens.

Two Entomopathogenic Bacteria, Xenorhabdus nematophila K1 and Photorhabdus temperata subsp. temperata ANU101 Secrete Factors Enhancing Bt Pathogenicity against the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella)에 대한 두 곤충병원세균(Xenorhabdus nematophila K1과 Photorhabdus temperata subsp. temperata ANU101) 배양물질의 Bt 병원성 제고 효과)

  • Seo, Sam-Yeol;Kim, Yong-Gyun
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.385-392
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    • 2009
  • Two entomopathogenic bacteria, Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus temperata subsp. temperata, are known to be potent against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, when the bacteria are injected into the hemocoel. This study investigated any pathogenic effect of their culture broth on P. xylostella by oral administration. Only culture broth of both bacterial species did not give enough pathogenic effects by the oral administration. However, when the culture broth was orally treated together with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), both cell-free culture broth significantly enhanced Bt pathogenicity against the 3rd instar larvae of P. xylostella. The culture broth was then fractionated into hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts. Most synergistic effect on Bt pathogenicity was found in ethyl acetate extracts of both bacterial species. Thin layer chromatography of these extracts clearly showed that ethyl acetate extracts of both bacterial culture broths possessed metabolites that were different to those of hexane and aqueous extracts. These results suggest that the both entomopathogenic bacteria produce and secrete different factors to give significant synergistic effect on Bt pathogenicity.

Bacteriophages and their Application in Food Safety (박테리오파아지의 식품 안전에의 응용)

  • Chang, Hyun-Joo
    • Bulletin of Food Technology
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.544-551
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    • 2010
  • 식품산업에서 박테리오파아지를 첫째, 동물 보건에서 항생제 대체품으로서, 둘째, 식품에서 바이오보존제(biopreservative)로서, 셋째, 식품 체인에서 병원성 세균을 검출하기위한 도구로서 다양하게 이용하고자 최근에 널리 인지하고 있다. 박테리오파아지는 바이러스로서 세균을 감염시키고 용해하는 특성이 있으며, 식품 안전과 관련하여, 1) 포유 동물세포에 무해하여 박테리오파아지를 안전하게 이용할 가능성, 2) 발효식품에 적절한 스타터 역할을 하거나 천연 미생물균총을 그대로 보존하는 박테리오파아지의 높은 숙주 선택성이라는 2가지 특징을 지니고 있다. 최근에는 식품첨가물로서 박테리오파아지를 '먹을 수 있는 바이러스'로 인정할 수 있을지 논의되고 있다. 식품유래 병원성 세균을 제어하기 위한 파아지의 이용가능성과 생물학 분야에서 관련되는 기초연구를 하고자 할 때 생기는 제한점 등에 대해서 고찰하고자 한다.

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