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Comparative Analysis of Host Insect Immunodepression Induced by Two Entomopathogenic Bacteria, Xenorhabdus nematophilus and Staphylococcus gallinarum, with Differential Pathogenicities  

박영진 (안동대학교 자연과학대학 농생물학과)
김길호 (상주대학교 잠사곤충학과)
김용균 (안동대학교 자연과학대학 농생물학과)
Publication Information
Korean journal of applied entomology / v.42, no.4, 2003 , pp. 353-360 More about this Journal
Abstract
Immunodepression can be required for entomopathogenic bacteria to induce their potent pathogenicities to the target insects. Here, we raise a hypothesis that the capacity of a pathogenic bacterium to induce the target insect immunodepression has positive relationship with the degree of pathogenicity. X. nematophilus had 1,200 times as potent as another entomopathogenic bacterium, Staphylococcus gallinarum against the fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori, when they were Injected into the hemocoel. Although both bacteria had significant cytotokic effect on the hemocytes of B. mori, X. nematophilus gave faster and greater cytotoxicity than did S. gallinarum. In cellular immune reactions, B. mori could form 20 hemocyte nodules against the bacterial injection with 5${\times}$10$\^$5/ cells. The number of the hemocyte nodules was significantly depressed when live X. nematophilus was inject-ed, but not in S. gallinarum. Activation of prophenoloxidase (proPO) was depressed in the bacterial injection. The depression of PO activation was significantly greater in X. nematophilus infection than in S. gallinarum injection. Lysozyme activity was induced by the injection of S. gallinarum at 4 h after the treatment, but not induced in X. nematophilus at all the time. These results showed that X. nemato-philus induced greater immunodepression against B. mori and resulted in higher pathogenicity than did S. gallinarum. Therefore, this study suggests that the immunodepression induced by entomopathogenic bacteria has positive relationship with their pathogenicity.
Keywords
Xenorhabdus nematophilus; Staphylococcus gallinarum; Bombyx mori; Immunode-pression; Pathogenicity; Phenoloxidase; Lysozyme; Nodule formation; Xenorhabdus nematophilus; Staphylococcus gallinarum; phenolox-idase;
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