• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2003

Useful Dianthus species were collected and selected from two native and seven foreign species distributed in Gangwon province. For in vitro breeding,. callus was induced from the explants of apical meristem, leaf, stem and the in vitro adventitious shoots on MS basal medium with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BA at 27$^{\circ}C$ under continuous light. After 3 weeks of culture, calli initiated the most highly from the leaf explants of D. chinensis Organogenic calli were able to be selected from the adventitious shoot-derived calli. For shoot regeneration, these organogenic calli were cultured on MS medium with the combination of 0.1 mg/L NAA＋1.0 mg/L BA under continuous light. Multiple shoots were proliferated with low frequency (about 30%) from those adventitious shootderived calli. Also, shoots initiated directly from the adventitious shoot explants without callus formation at high frequency of 52% when cultured on N6 medium containing 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA in D. gratianopol. Multiple shoots and plantlets grew well and rooted on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA. Regenerants with well-developed roots were transferred to 8-cm pots containing vermiculite at 85% relative humidity and 27$^{\circ}C$ These plantlets were acclimatized in artificial soil mixture and transferred to the greenhouse for flowering with normal phenotypes. M28 Mutant line was selected with white flowers from 0.03M EMS-treated organogenic calli derived from in vitro adventitious shoot explants of D. chinensis and set seeds.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.274-291
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• 2012

Since the advent of the internet as representative of the development of information communication technology (ICT), information transfer forms have changed rapidly these days. In the new techno-economic paradigms, I would ultimately consider how spatial structures of a knowledge-based service industry have been altered dynamically. To delve into this background, this study conducts an empirical case study of the internet advertising industry, particularly, among the whole advertising industry. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to identify dynamic characteristics of spatial networks among actors for knowledge creation in Korea's internet advertising industry. In addition, it also is to analyze the formative elements of spatial networks which would have an influence on constructing the space of new economic activities. There are multilateral approaches. This research is classified into types of actors such as inter-firm, intra-firm, and firm-customer, and categorized according to spatial ranges such as local, regional, global levels. In the meanwhile, formative factors of the spatial networks could draw a conclusion from two aspects: inter-firm networks in the process of business in the internet advertising industry, and individual networks in the nonoccupational aspect. Accordingly, the results of this study suggest that actors' networks of two perspectives would make mutually complementary relationships and create new relational spaces in the digital economy.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.189-195
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• 2001

We prepared TMR junctions of NiFe(170 )/CoFe(48 )/Al(13 )-O/CoFe(500 )/Ta(50 ) structure on 2.5$\times$2.5 $\textrm{cm}^2$ area Si/SiO$_2$ substrates in order to investigate the uniformity of magnetoresistance(MR) value using a ICP magnetron sputter. Each layer was deposited by the ICP magnetron sputter and tunnel barrier was formed by the plasma oxidation method. We measured MR ratio and resistance of TMR devices with four-terminal probe system by applying external magnetic field. Although we used ICP sputter which is known as superior to make uniform films, the standard variation of MR ratio was 2.72. The variation was not dependent on the TMR devices location of a substrate. We found that MR ratio and spin-flip field (H's) increased as the resistance increased, which may be caused by local interface irregularity of the insulating layer. The variation of resistance value was 64.19 and MR ratio was 2.72, respectively. Our results imply that to improve the insulating layer fabrication process including annealing process to lessen interface modulation in order to mass produce the TMR devices.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-44
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• 2002

During the phloem development from parenchyma cells in a suspension culture of Streptanthus induced sucrose carrier and glucose carrier disappeared. Sieve element area and sieve pore induced suspension culture of Streptanthus were formed almost at the last period of the synthesis of sieve endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and p-protein. The new synthesized cell wall begann to digeste only after the new cell wall was surrounded by SER. The digested region of the cell wall and the formed region of sieve pore were regular comparatively. The completed sieve pore was an oval form, and the outer portion of sieve pore varied, ca 1.2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$~1.6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in longitudinal, 0.8 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$~1.3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in tangential, and the inner size of sieve pore was irregular form of a star-like shape. The number of sieve pore between sieve cells was ca 2~7 per ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$^2$ and the sieve pore wall with callose was 0.05 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$~0.07 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in thickness. The energy for the formation of sieve element area and sieve pore might be supplied by mitochondria near the new cell wall and the role of SER remains to be illucidated.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.65
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• pp.29-54
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• 2021

In Europe, the diversity in religions, cultures, languages and historical backgrounds is enormous. World War II and the Soviet Regime have played a large part in this and the flow of refugees from other continents increases the pluralism. How can religious education add to bridging between differences? The language across European countries is different, literally between countries, but also figuratively speaking and even inside individual countries. These differences occur in cultural sense and across age groups as well. Secondary education has the task to form young people to become firmly rooted people who can hold their own in society. It is essential that they learn to examine their own core values and their roots. Recognising their values should be a main focus of religious education. However, schools are currently accommodating increasing numbers of non-religious pupils. What role do religious values still play in this situation? How do pupils feel about active involvement in religious institutions, and about basing life choices on religious beliefs? Can other, non-religious values be detected which could form the basis for value-oriented personal formation? Research of these subjects has been ongoing in the Netherlands for more than twenty years and is currently being expanded to the Czech Republic and(former East) Germany. These are also secularized countries but have a very different history. Does the history and context of these countries play a role, and does this show in the values that are important to pupils? A comparative pilot study is being conducted as start of this broadening perspective geared towards greater insight into the values of pupils in these three European countries. This information helps to design appropriate new forms of religious value-oriented worldview education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.363-372
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• 2021

Aim of this study was to confirm the effect of teaching and learning methods on outcomes of learner according to learning style. For this, 22 of dental hygiene students(case group) was treated teaching & learning methods according to learning style while 24 of students(control group) was non treated. Pre-survey were performed before performance of program. Formative Evaluation(FE) was conducted in 2, 3 and 4 week of program respectively and summative evaluation(SE), survey of subject interest(SI) and learning motivation(LM) were conducted in 5 week. The result of study, FE, SI and LM after treatment were increased than before treatment in case group(p<0.05). SI and LM of case group were higher than control group(p<0.05). FE after treatment was increased than before treatment in he assimilator(p<0.05). SI and LM of case groups were higher than control group in assimilator and diverger(p<0.05). The result of correlation analysis, SI was related with SE, FE, LM(p<0.01, p<0.05). Thus, it is necessary to development, application and study of teaching & learning consider to learning style.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.241-272
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• 2022

This purpose of this study was to use the meta-summary method to systematically integrate the findings of the heterogeneous qualitative research on the factors influencing the sexual identity formation process of lesbian, gay, and bisexual groups in Korea. The integrative investigation of the universal or unique factors affecting the identity formation of sexual minority is important to understand their internal experiences and support their psychological adaptation. Using a qualitative meta-summary, this study systematically identified and abbriviated the psychological and social factors that promote or impede the sexual identity acceptance and integration of LGB individuals. First, a total of 9 studies which were published in Korea up to 2021 were identified through the research database. The included studies were critically evaluated by using the Critical Appraisal Screening Programme tool. A total of 179 statements were extracted from the findings of each study and 34 abstracted statements were generated. The 34 abstracted statements were categorized into four groups, psychological factors that promote or impede sexual identity formation and social factors that promote or impede it. These four main categories and corresponding factors in each category were explained. The implications and limitations were also discussed.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.11-15
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• 1984

To save the labour reguired for separation of copulated moth during egg Production, some of the chemicals available at the market were on screen test for easy separation of copulated moth of silkworm. The obtained results are summarized as following. 1. In a separation ratio of copulated moth along with a treating time, TCTFE(Trichloro-trifluoroethane) completely separated the copulated moth in 10 minutes. The combinations of TCTFE plus Acetone (87.5 : 12.5 V/V) and TCTFE plus Acetic acid (50 : 50 V/V) take 25minutes for the complete separation of copulated moth. Use of Acetic acid solution only makes 100% separation of copulated moth in one hour and foully minutes and non$.$treatment shows only 47.5% of separation in three and half hours. On the other hand. There is no statistical significance between TCTFE Plus Acetone and control in the egg productivity. 2. The combination of TCTFE Plus Acetone (87.5 : 12.5 V/V) does not infuluence the egg productivity of the moth, showing 443 grains for an average number of egg per moth out of which 417 grains are for the number of fertilized eggs while control shows 452 grains for an avarage number of egg/moth and 428 grains for the number of fertilized eggs. However a sing1e use of TCTFE and Acetic acid shows less egg productivity and number of ferilized eggs per moth, respectively as compared to those of the control. In particular, a single use of acetic acid makes an increase of number of non-egg prodncible moth and it seems to be brought due to a chemical damage. 3. In a rearing test of the egg laid by the chemical treated moth, there are no differences among the treatments in all of the useful characters of the larvae; larval duration, survival rate, cocoon yield, single cocoon weight, single cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio. In these regards, it is recognized that TCTFE can be practically used for the separation of copulated moth and the combination of TCTFE and Acetone promote its efiectiveness on the separation of copulated moth.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.452-457
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• 2007

In this study, Lilium sp. were separated into bulbs, leaves, and flowers. Then, total polyphenol contents, electron donating ability (EDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and antimicrobial activity were measured from the extracts of each of the three aforementioned parts. The examination of physiologically active substances in the three parts revealed that Lilium davidii leaves had high total polyphenol contents, SOD-like activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and EDA, while the flowers of L. lancifolium showed high SOD-like activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and EDA, as well as a high level of total polyphenols in the bulb. Measurements of the antimicrobial activities of the extracts against Gram positive bacteria revealed that the leaves and flowers of L. davidii and L. lancifolium caused Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella enteritidis to form clear zones greater than 10 mm. Furthermore, the flowers of L. lancifolium showed particularly high antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis, and the flowers of L. davidii had high activity against S. enteritidis. For the Gram negative bacteria, the leaves and flowers of L. davidii and L. lancifolium caused Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli to form clear zones greater than 10 mm, and finally, the flowers of L. davidii and L. lancifolium showed high antibacterial activity, with inhibition exceeding 12 mm.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.361-365
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• 2007

자연재난은 발생원인에 따라 바람, 강우, 적설, 파고등으로 구분할 수 있다. 이러한 재난원인은 자연현상의 일부로 발생하였으나, 경제가 발전함에 따라 과거에 비해 재해에 안전한 사회를 요구하게 되어 재해저감을 위한 투자와 방재정책 개발의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 기존에는 자연재난을 저감시키기 위하여 연최대치 강우를 통계 분석하고 강우-유출관계를 이용하여 장래에 발생할 홍수량을 예측하여 자연재난을 저감할 수 있도록 설계하는 것이 일반적인 재난저감계획 수립으로 간주되었다. 그러나, 재해예방을 위해서는 과거에 발생한 재난의 지역적 특성을 분석하여 재난발생 위험과 피해규모를 파악함으로써 재난계획 수립의 기초자료로 활용할 필요성이 있다. 이러한 자연재난에 대한 대책수립은 국가차원에서 필요하며 이를 위해서는 지역별 안전도 평가의 필요성이 증가하게 된다. 그러나 이러한 연구를 수행하기 위해서는 방대한 자료를 바탕으로 풍수해 발생특성을 분석하는 연구와 지자체 또는 지역별 재난피해저감 능력을 수치적으로 나타낼 필요성이 있다. 따라서, 공학적인 면뿐만 아니라 행정적인 면을 동시에 고려하는 학제간 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라에서 주로 발생하는 풍수해에 의한 자연재난 특성을 파악하고 재난발생 확률을 고려한 재난피해규모와 재난피해 저감능력을 비교하여 전국 234개 지자체별 지역 및 시설물별 안전도를 평가하고자 한다. 과거 10년간 재해연보에 수록된 지자체별 피해현황을 지자체별 특성을 고려하여 분석, 지자체별 연평균 피해규모를 소방방재청의 지역별 안전도 지침서에 의거, 10등급으로 분석하였다. 또한, 지자체별로 투자우선순위 및 방재예산편성의 효율성 극대화를 위해 지자체별 시설물별 피해현황을 분석하는 기법을 개발하여 지자체별 시설물별 안전도 진단지표를 설정하였다. 분석된 결과는 지자체별 시설물별 재해저감을 위한 풍수해저감 종합계획 재난보험제도 도입등의 기초자료로 적용될 수 있다.로 나타났다. 이는 두 흐름에 의해 와(vortex)가 크게 형성되어 하상의 세굴에 영향을 미치기 때문으로 판단되었다.보다 본질부가 차지하는 면적이 월등히 적고 제1차 및 제2차섬유가 차지하는 면적이 많았다. 따라서 고섬유함량인 대마의 품종개량에 있어서는 가능한 한 본질부가 차지하는 면적은 축소시키고 제1차 및 제2차섬유가 차지하는 면적은 증대시켜야 할 것으로 본다.우리 나라 수도의 작기는 앞으로 당기는 것이 좋다고 고찰된다. 6. 우리 나라의 현행 수도작기로 본 기온 및 일조조건은 수도의 분얼전기에 대해서는 호조건하에 놓여 있으나, 분얼후기인 7월 중ㆍ하순 경의 일조부족과 고온다습조건은 병해, 특히 도열병의 유발원인이 되고 있다. 7. 우리 나라의 현행수도작기로 본 전국각지의 수도의 출수기는 모두 일조시간이 적은 부적당한 시기에 처해 있다. 8. 출수후 40일간의 평균기온에 의한 적산온도 88$0^{\circ}C$의 출현기일은 수원에서 8월 23일이었고, 년간편차를 고려한 안전출수기일은 8월 19일로서 적산온도면에서는 관행 출수기일은 약간 늦다고 보았다. 9. 등열기의 평균기온에 의한 적산온도는 현행 수도작기로서는 최종한계시기에 놓여 있으며, 평균기온의 년간편차와 우리 나라의 최저기온이 낮은 점을 고려할 때, 현행출수기는 다소 늦은 것으로 보았다. 10. 생육단계별의 수도체내의 질소함량은 영양생장기의 질소함량이 과다하였으며, 출수 이후에 영양조락을 여하히 방지하느냐가 문제된다고 보았다. 11. 수리불안전답 및 천수답이 차지하는 전답면적의 비율은 차차 감소되고 있는데, 이와 전체 10a당 수량의 증가율과의 상관계수를 산출하였는데, 수리불안전답과의 상관계수 (4)는 +0.525였으며, 천수답과는 r=+0.832, 그리고 수리불안전답과 천수답을 합계한 것과의 상관계수 (r)는 +0.841로서 후2자와는 고도의 정(+) 상관을 보여 천수답이 차지하는 면적비율이 작