• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.2543-2547
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• 2011

This paper suggests a new method for team-based learning which is focusing on the individual job assignment to solve the possible problems of free riders, dysfunctional conflicts, and hostility among students. Especially, it examines that if a method using job assignment could reduce the adverse effects of peer evaluation. This study was executed during one semester. Each team was organized with seven members and an independent job among seven different jobs was assigned to each member. At the end of the semester, it was examined that if individual job assignment had solved the possible problems of free riders, dysfunctional conflicts, and hostility among students. Finally, this study found that a new method of team-based learning using a job assignment lessened a problem of free riders, and reduced dysfunctional conflicts and hostility among students comparing with the peer evaluation method. The suggested method in this paper, which focuses on the job assignment of team project, could improve the efficiency of team-based learning in education course.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 2017

The results from our investigation showed differences in pine needle damage by Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye and indicate serious environmental pollution caused by a petrochemical industrial complex. The gall formation rate by T. japonensis near the industrial complex was 47.94% compared to 9.94% in the site farthest from the complex. The average length of pine needles damaged by T. japonensis near the industrial complex and farthest site were 4.5 cm and 4.9 cm, respectively. The average number of larvae in pine needle galls near the industrial complex and farthest site were 3.4 and 2.4, respectively. The average body length and width of fullgrown larvae near the industrial complex were 2.40 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively, whereas larvae in the site farthest from the complex were 2.45 mm in length and 0.71 mm in width.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

We report on a transmittance controlled photomask with phase patterns on the back quartz surface. Theoretical analysis for changes in illumination pupil shape with respect to the variation of size and density of backside phase patterns and experimental results for improvement of critical dimension uniformity on a wafer by using the transmittance controlled photomask are presented. As phase patterns for controlling transmittance of the photomask we used etched contact-hole type patterns with 180" rotative phase with respect to the unetched region. It is shown that pattern size on the backside of the photomask must be made as small as possible in order to keep the illumination pupil shape as close as possible to the original pupil shape and to achieve as large an illumination intensity drop as possible at a same pattern density. The distribution of illumination intensity drop suitable for correcting critical dimension error was realized by controlling pattern density of the contact-hole type phase patterns. We applied this transmittance controlled photomask to a critical layer of DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) having a 140nm design rule and could achieve improvement of the critical dimension uniformity value from 24.0 nm to 10.7 nm in 3$\sigma$.TEX>.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.95-109
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• 1996

This work was carried out to investigate the functional heterogeneity of peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBLs) in carp, Cyprinus carpio. PHA, Con A, LPS and BCG were injected intraperitoneally into carp to determine the blastogenic response and rosette formation activity. In each group of fish treated with stimulators, the cell numbers and DNA contents of lymphocytes were higher than those of untreated control group and reached the highest level between 1 week and 2 weeks after injection with mitogens. These results showed that BCG and Con A were strong stimulators of proliferation compared to PHA and LPS. However, PHA-treated fish twice showed the highest rosette formation response among the consecutive stimulations with the same mitogen. Alase, the results on consecutive mitogen stimulation revealed that carps reinjected by different mitogens led to an increased stimulation higher than the one reinjected after 1 week with same mitogen. It seems that different mitogens may stimulate different cell populations and implies functionally separated subpopulations of lymphocytes in carp.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.237-257
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of local community resident-participation factor on the local community resident-participation determinant and the formation of social capital. Accordingly, questionnaire method was used for 389 residents in A-dong that have participated in community building projects in Busan region to analyze their demographical factor & residential area factor and local community resident-participation factors of satisfaction of neighborhood environment, satisfaction of administrative support, local attachment and neighbor connectedness effects. The analysis results showed that first, the satisfaction of outside support and neighbor connectedness were found to be the main factors. Second, the satisfaction of outside support, local attachment and neighbor connectedness showed meaningful effects in the state where these factors were controlled. Third, the effects of each social capital sub-element were verified and the results showed that while trust and network had meaningful effects on satisfaction of outside support, local attachment and neighbor connectedness effects, norm of reciprocity showed meaningful effects on gender, house ownership status, local attachment and neighbor connectedness, thereby showing differences. Based on these study findings, implications and suggestions were presented.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.228-236
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• 2014

Towed array SONAR is deformed because it operates in fluid such as an ocean. It especially undergoes significant change in shape as a towing vessel takes a turn. In this case, beam pattern synthesis of the line array is limited, resulting in degradation in quality such as signal-to-noise ratio. This paper presents a modified two-step least squares algorithm based on the two-step least squares method. The shape of the sea-operated line array formation with the towing vessel changing course(angle) was modeled and the algorithm was subsequently applied. While changing course and location of the main lobe in beam pattern was altered, signal-to-noise ratio of steering beam pattern synthesis was analyzed by algorithm (proposed and others). As a result, the proposed algorithm presented improvement in performance by 2dB compared to other algorithms while forming relatively constant beam pattern.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 1971

In this report, an experiment has been conducted to test the quantitative changes of nucleic acids in the nuclei of the epidermal cell of the galls, caused by Eriophyes kuko Kishida on the leaf of Lycium chinense Mill by means o( microspectrophotometric techniques, the two-wave-length methods. And the sizes of the epidermal cells and nuclei have been measured. The experimental results were summarized as follows: 1) It has been found that as the gall grows, the diameter of the epidermal cells and their nuclei increased and they were larger than those of tile healthy ones. 2) Microspectrophotometric measurement of nuclei by the 'Two-wave-length method' after staining with Feulgen reagent showed no changes in DNA content in the early stage of the gall. As the gall matured, however, DNA content of the gall increased more than that of the healthy leaf. 3) RNA-measurement of nuclei stained with Azur-B in DNase treated epidermal cells of the gall revealed that temporary increase in RNA content occurred in early to middle stages after the gall formation. As the gall matured, however, RNA content of the gall decreased more as against that of the healthy leaf.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 1993

This study was conducted to mvestigate the natural enemies of chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu and their seasonal prevalence of adult emergence. The natural enemies Identified were as follows: Torymus sinensis, Torymus geranii, Eutytoma Brunniventris, Eurytoma s Setlgera, Megastigmus nipponicus, Megastigmus maculipennis, Ormyrus flavrtrbwlis, Ormyrus punctiger, Eupelmus urozonus, Euplmus sp., Sycophila vanegata, and Diptem sp. Among these natural enemies of the chestnut gall wasp, Torymus sinensis, Eurytoma setigem, and Eupelmus sp. were newly recorded this time In Korea. The seasonal prevalence of parasItic wasps have been investigated in Kyonggi ProvInce. Torymus sinensis which seems to be the most dominant parasitoid emerged from withered galls formed in the previous year April to eary May. The four parasitoids such as Torymus geranii, Sycophila variegata, Eupelmus urozonus and Eupelmus sp. emerged from withered previous year galls in April to May and also from current year galls in June to August. The other parasitoids emerged from only current year galls in June to August.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.45-58
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• 2016

This paper tried to analyze cases of one year team-based project of gifted students who spent two year programs in a math-IT integrated class as part of formative evaluation and extracted the factors associated with future enhancement for the program. The researcher as an advisory professor tried to guide the students as minimally as possible considering their levels of IT skills so that they could self-directedly perform the IT-fused project on a team basis. The data collection included documents, annual report, photos, video, artifacts and interview data with the students for the whole team project carried out between February and December, 2015. The overall pattern of the project activities has been stabilized in the middle of the course compared to the initial stages of brainstorming and design work even though the students revealed the differences of their programming skills and preferences toward the project theme. Their project outcomes were qualitatively analyzed according to the 9 steps of R&E model and has shown individual differences according to low, middle and high level. At the end, the analysis suggested several implications for further improvement of the mentorship program.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.279-283
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• 1985

As a method of breeding L-lysine producing strains, the intergeneric protoplast fusion between Brevibacterium flavum and Corynebacterium glutamicum was performed. As a results, Brevibacterium flavum ATCC 21528 R showed 99％ of protoplast formation and 10％ of regeneration frequencies when treated with 400$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ of lysozyme for 12hrs. In Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 21514 S, 99％ and 12％ were obtained by treatment of 300$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ lysozyme for 12 hrs. In intergeneric protoplast fusion between Brevibacterium flavum ATCC 21528 R and Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 21831 S, 1.0$\times$10$^{-6}$ of recombinant frequency per regenerable cells was observed by use of PEG 6000, 30％(w/v). Among the strains obtained KR$_{43}$ strain showed 12％ higher productivity of L-lysine than the parental cell. Then, the activity of aspartokinase of KR$_{43}$ was about 13％ higher than the parental cell.