• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2000

The effects of clearcutting on soil chemical ingredients and stream water quality have been investigated at a natural deciduous forest catchment within the Seoul National University Research Forest in Mt. Paekun, Chunnam province during the periods of 1993 to 1998. Soil chemical ingredients and stream water qualities were monitored at a 13 ha clearcutting site and a non-treatment site nearby. During the first and second years after harvesting, the levels of total-N, and exchangeable ions (K/sup ＋/, Na/sup ＋/, Ca/sup 2＋/, Mg/sup 2＋/) decreased compared to the values of before harvesting. During the fifth years after harvesting, these levels were significantly higher than those during the first and second years after harvesting. But the chemical characteristics of soil were not changed at all. pH of water in the harvesting area was 6.5 in stream water. Among the nutrients, Cd, Pb, Cu, and phosphate were not found, and the level of BOD reached at the level of the domestic use suitable for drinking. Turbidity, odor, taste, NH/sub 4//sup ＋/ -N, NO/sub 3//sup -/-N, standard plate count, and coliform were also low enough to be used as the domestic use for drinking by the near villagers. During the first and second years after harvesting, BOD increased to about 1 ppm. For that reason, the harvesting planning should be built in the harvesting area in consideration of the control of water quality in the stream.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.3
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• pp.292-304
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• 1993

This research developed a forest-level harvest scheduling model using linear programming (LP). The formulations of the LP model include timber production schemes with constraints of nondecling yield forest conversion strategies, the minimum timber supply, levels and the maximum cut acrages. The model is able to generate both Model I and Model II types of input matrix in MPS format. In this paper, use of LP in building the framework of the strategic forest planning model was justified by comparing the algorithmic characteristics of LP with those of Gentan probability and binary search approaches through literature reviews. In order to demonstrate the field applicability of the model proposed. (1) the harvest scheduling problem for about 11,000-hectare case study area (Mt. Baekun area in Southern Experimental Forest of Seoul National University) was formulated and soloed and (2) the effects of the change in task regulatory timber production constraints or. optimal harvesting schedules here investigated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.3
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• pp.266-276
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• 2001

This study was conducted to clarify the taxonomic implications of F. chiisanensis Nakai based on morphology and flavonoids of four taxa of Fraxinus [F. chiisanensis Nakai, F. mandshurica Rupr., F. chinensis Roxb. var. rhynchophylla (Hance) Hemsl. and F. sieboldiana Blume] in Korea with one species of China and Japan (F. platypoda Oliv.). Morphologically F. chiisanensis was clearly distinguished from other taxa due to the presence of panicle from leafless lateral bud of previous year, apetalous flower, persistent calyx, and brownish naked bud. A survey of the foliar flavonoids of five species showed two distinctive chemical types. Unique flavones with flavonols, C-glycosylflavone and flavanone were detected in F. chiisanensis (chiisanensis type), while only flavonols, C-glycosylflavone, and flavanone were present in other four taxa (chinensis type). This study showed that F. chiisanensis was not a hybrid between F. mandshurica and F. chinensis var. rhynchophylla, but an endemic taxon distributed in southwestern Korea. Morphologically F. chiisanensis should be included into subgen. Fraxinus, sect. Melioides according to Chang and Qiu's classification. F. platypoda, a taxon of sect. Meliodies in China and Japan, was different from F. chiisanensis with respect of scaled bud, decurrent wing of samara and the lack of flavones (chinensis type). Since four American taxa of sect. Melioides contained flavones (chiisanensis type), they are more closely related with F. chiisanensis chemically.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2016

This study was aimed to investigate the elevational and seasonal variation of moth diversity of Mt. Baegun-san, Gwangyang-city, Jeonnam. Moth collecting was carried out using a UV light trap at three different elevational sites from September to October 2014 and from April to October 2015 (9 times) except winter. A total of 288 moth species and 1,444 individuals in 15 families were identified. Geometridae (97 species and 740 individuals) were the most dominant in the numbers of species and individuals, followed by Noctuidae (62 species, 193 individuals), Erebidae (52 species, 177 individuals) and Notodontidae (16 species, 111 individuals). Elevational change showed that the lower elevation, the higher number of species and individuals. Seasonal change of numbers of species and individuals showed the M-shaped pattern with June and August peaks. Compared to the previous records from historical literatures, 197 species were newly added and the total moth species richness of Mt. Baegun-san comprised 449 species in 20 families. The Chao 2 estimated number of species using the observed species including unpublished data set was 1,530 species that comprised about 43% of the Korean Lepidopteran fauna. This large number of estimated species requested the more extensive and long-term survey for better understanding of the total moth fauna in this area.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2012

Increasing concern about biodiversity has lead to a rise in demand on the spatial assessment of biological resources such as biodiversity assessment, protected area selection, habitat management and restoration in Korea. The purpose of this study is to create species richness map through data collection and modeling techniques for wildlife habitat assessment. The GAM (Generalized Additive Model) is easy to interpret and shows better relationship between environmental variables and a response variable than an existing overlap analysis and GLM (Generalized Linear Model). The study area delineated by a large watershed contains Jirisan national park, Mt. Baekun and Sumjin river with three kinds of protected areas (a national park, a landscape ecology protected area and an otter protected area). We collected the presence-absence data for wildlife (mammals and birds) using a stratified random sampling based on a land cover in the study area and implemented natural and socio-environmental data affecting wildlife habitats. After doing a habitat use analysis and specifying significant factors for each species, we built habitat suitability models using a presence-absence model and created habitat suitability maps for each species. Biodiversity maps were generated by taxa and all species using habitat suitability maps. Significant factors affecting each species habitat were different according to their habitat selection. Although some species like a water deer or a great tit were distributed at the low elevation, most potential habitats for mammals and birds were found at the edge of a national park boundary or near a forest around the medium elevation of a mountain range. This study will be used for a basis on biodiversity assessment and proected area selection carried out by Ministry of Environment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.116-125
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• 2012

The distribution, vegetation characteristics and an assessment of the conservation status of the Korea endemic species Coreanomecon hylomeconoides Nakai were investigated to collect biological basic data to formulate a conservation strategy. According to the distribution map of C. hylomeconoides based on the literature, specimen information, and local field surveys, natural populations of C. hylomeconoides are intensively distributed in the Southern regions of the peninsula, around Gyeongsangnam-do and Jeollanan-do. C. hylomeconoides was distributed in the middle and low slope adjacent to a valley. The altitude ranged from 227 m to 744 m, with inclinations of $5-10^{\circ}$. As a result of a vegetation survey within natural populations, a total of 238 taxa were identified from 29 quadrates in 8 natural populations. The importance value of C. hylomeconoides is 25.34% based on the coverage and frequency of the herbaceous layer with in the populations. The species diversity of the occurrence of the species in 8 natural populations was 1.52, while the averages of species evenness and the dominance values were calculated to be 0.83 and 0.17, respectively. As a result of assessing the conservation status through IUCN Red List criteria, C. hylomeconoides was evaluated as Near Threatened (NT). Conservation strategies are also discussed for the sustainable conservation of C. hylomeconoides.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to monitor the edge vegetation development process after timber harvesting at deciduous hardwood forest in Seoul National University Forests of Baekwoonsan(Mt), Korea. From 1994 to 1999, Woody plants were monitored on two experimental plots established in 1994. The edge vegetation development pattern during the last six years(1994-1999) after timber harvesting is summarized as follows; Weigela subsessilis, Lindera erythrocarpa, Stephanandra incisa, Zanthoxylum schinifolium appeared to be a competitive species at the harvested forest edge. Staphylea bumalda, Lindera erythrocarpa, Viburnum erosum appeared to be a competitive species at harvested forest border between the harvested forest edge and the harvested interior. Weigela subsessilis, finders erythrocarpa, Lindera obtusiloba appeared to be a competitive species at the forest interior. The mean relative important value of major species were changed along the distance from the forest edge to the forest interior and seemed to be affected by aspect, and existing woody plants. But similarity indices seemed to be affected by distance. Species composition of forest edge(0-10m) was dissimilar to that of the other forest edge(40-50m). Species diversity indices, number of species and individuals were decreased according to the distance from the forest edge to the forest interior with passing time.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.439-446
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• 2009

This is a study intended to investigate the environmental factors including vegetation and soil in order to better understand the environmental and ecological characteristics of four different habitats of Pulsatilla tongkangensis(Mt. Baekun, Maha-ri, Kyulam-ri and Mt. Deokhang). These habitats, according to investigations, are mostly located on the slopes of mountains facing northwest at an altitude of 220m to 772m above sea level with angles of inclination ranging from 41 degree to 85 degree. A total of 27 vascular plant taxa are identified in ten quadrates of the four habitats. The importance value of these plants is as follows: Pulsatilla tongkangensis is 9.65%; Carex humilis var. nana 28.93%; Potentilla dickinsii 16.55%; Mukdenia rossii 7.09%; Peucedanum terebinthaceum and Eragrostis ferruginea 4.55%; and Vicia venosa var. albiflora 3.90%. The importance value of these six species is high, so they are at affinity with P. tongkangensis m their habitats. The degree of their average species diversity is 0.75, and that of dominance and evenness 0.24 and 0.85, respectively. Their average field capacity of soil is 19.05%, organic matter 10.51%, and soil pH is 7.43, which are similar among their habitats.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.337-345
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to monitor vegetation recovery process after timber harvesting at (Mt.) Baekwoonsan Seoul National University Forests, Korea. Two monitoring plots were established in 1994 and woody plant were monitored in 1997, 1999, 2001, and 2003. Vegetation development pattern during last ten years (1994-2003) after timber harvesting were as follows; Styrax obassia, Styrax japonica and Lindera erythrocarpa as of the existing tree were competitive species in the first year after clear-cut, Styrax japonica and Lindera erythrocarpa as of sprout tree and Aralia elata as of seedling were dominant species in the sixth year after clear-cut, and Lindera erythrocarpa, Styrax japonica and Quercus serrata were dominant species from the eighth year to the tenth year after clear-cut. Species diversity index of harvested forest interior was decreased at the southwestern slope while it was increased in the northeastern slope till 6th year and decreased after the 8th year). According to DBH distribution pattern, No. of individuals of Quercus serrata, Styrax japonica and Lindera erythrocarpa showed high frequency in the southwestern slope, and Acer pseudosieboldianum, Styrax obassia, Magnolia sieboldii, Lindera erythrocarpa, and Aralia elata showed good growth in the northeastern slope. There was a difference between slopes in Basal area. It was decreased at the southwestern slopes during the 10th year continuously and it was increased the sixth year however, was decreased after the eighth year at the northeastern slope.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.6
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• pp.673-682
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to monitor vegetation development process after timber harvesting at (Mt.) Baekwoonsan Seoul National University Forests, Korea. Two monitoring plots were established in 1994 and woody plant were monitored from 1994 to 1999. Vegetation development pattern during last six years(1994-1999) after timber harvesting were as follows; Styrax obassia, Styrax japonica and Lindera erythrocarpa as of the existing tree were competitive species in the first year after clearcut, and Styrax japonica and Lindera erythrocarpa as of sprout tree) and Aralia elata as of seedling were dominant species in the sixth years after clearcut. Species diversity indices of harvested forest interior was decreased at the southwestern slope and increased at the northeastern slope. According to DBH distribution pattern, No. of individuals of Lindera erythrocarpa and Aralia elata showed vigorous growth in the sub-canopy layer and then Styrax japonica, Quercus serrata, Maackia amurensis, Lespedeza maximowixzii, Lindera obtusiloba, Staphylea bumalda, Clero-dendrum trichotomum, Weigela subsessilis, in order showed good growth in the sixth year after clearcut. Lindera erythrocarpa with a reversed J-shaped curve pattern by DBH class will be increased while Aralia elata with a J-shaped curve pattern will be decreased.