• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.138-149
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• 2015

In order to search for the reasonable planning directions for representing traditional landscape, this study conducted the comparative analysis of the designs on the panels and their constructions from both winners of "The Landscape Design Competitions for City Infrastructure of Minlak(2) District in Uijeongbu" and "The Design Competition for Dongtan(2) District Land Development Phase 1". The representing targets and views, the composition and placement of representing space, the design of representing facilities and landscape planting were examined based on the text, master plans, elevations and cross sections, diagrams, images, and perspective drawings proposed from the competition panels. Then, the landscape constructions were reviewed. The results are as follows: First, the types of the representing targets and views are the agricultural landscape, as the local landscape of target area, which are divided into the life space of a traditional village, the traditional water space, and the traditional culture. Second, as to the composition and placement of representing space, the traditional theme spaces are formulated considering the surrounding land use and the local cultural heritage. However, some spaces were changed to the exercise space or convenient facility spaces required in a neighborhood park. Third, in the case of the representing facilities, a round island in the square pond, a traditional pavilion and Hwagye(terraced flower bed) were made without the facilities designed creatively. Fourth, the application of traditional planting techniques was focused on planting trees in the village forest on an island in the square pond and on Hwagye. Fifth, the traditional representing work has gradually advanced with the selection of subject and experimental facility designs based on the professional references. Sixth, the choice of the realizable subject, the expertise for information analysis and the creative design of the traditional facility are required in the future.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.121-135
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• 2013

This paper propose an efficient algorithm for selecting electric bus charging facility location. In nature, the optimal charging facility location problem is similar to Set Covering Problem. Set Covering Problem is the problem of covering all the rows of an $m{\times}n$ matrix of ones and zeros by a subset of columns with a minimal cost. It has many practical applications of modeling of real world problems. The Set Covering Problem has been proven to be NP-Complete. In order to overcome the computational complexity involved in seeking optimal solutions, this paper present an enhanced greedy algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm. In this paper, we apply the developed algorithm to Seoul's public bus system.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.143-166
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• 2016

This study aims to consider spiritual therapeutic landscapes thought the case of catholic sacred places in Korea. The catholic sacred places, which have been a series of persecution, are distributed in 300 all over the country and can be divided into a formational type, a selective type, and a participatory type. In the formational type, the catholic sculptures are scattered here and there; but it seems that there are limits somewhat to feel the emotional stability and the experience of caring by God. Because the formational type is deserted or is built up in unnoticeable urban areas. The religious factors, for example, museums, special pray, Station of the Cross, Rosary way, statues of the Virgin Mary, catholic sculptures, etc. in the selective type are placed in the corners of the catholic sacred places to provide the opportunity of holy experience to pilgrims. But the level and the intensity of healing depends on the matter as to how much pilgrims experience religious factors voluntarily. Lastly, the participatory type means the experience of various religious factors following scheduled programs. The experience is for the group of pilgrims, not a person; and the human relationship via the religious experience spiritualizes the network of interest towards other participants. Furthermore, the spiritualized open mind towards other people becomes the power that can arrive at the emotional stability, the relief of stress, and the in-depth and authentic healing. Ultimately, the spiritual healing through religious factors is to realize human finitude and dedicate one's own self to God; in addition, the spiritual therapeutic landscapes are the place that can carry out such a spiritual ritual without any restraint.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.161-180
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• 2012

The international standard for the school library suggests that school librarians qualified for librarian and teacher should run the school library. And library assistants should support the teacher librarian to carry out a role as a teacher. Despite the difference of requirements, librarians without teachers' license are under the human resources for school library administration. Furthermore, the job description between the school librarian and librarian is not well-defined in Korea. The different requirements in the library standards and the school library related laws have led to weaken professionalism and social status of librarianship. The condition that teacher librarians are not in the school library have brought the pressure to overcome imperfect functions of the school library and unfairness of educational services. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to strengthen teacher librarians' qualification system to improve their identity as educational subject specialist librarians. We ought to also build proper foundations of social recognition about librarianship through classifying the types of human resources in the school library into the teacher librarian, library paraprofessional and volunteers. Especially we should hold the job analysis based on administrator, teacher, service, leader, collaboration, and partner.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.3
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• pp.352-364
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• 1997

This study examined and analyzed users' behavior to recreation forest facilities and their satisfaction to recreation forest in order to offer some basal data which would be helpful to create new recreation forest, to supply users' needs in exsiting recreation forest, and to make excellent maintenance of recreation forest. The results are as follows ; Restroom, campground and forest aromatic bath ground were the most popular facilities with the users of recreation forest. And restroom, snack stand and water cooler were the most required facilities by the users. Before using recreation forest, users' expectation to enjoy aesthetics of nature, to be released from their fatigue and to rest, was the highest one. And users were satisfied most as they expected most from recreation forest. The major variables played for users' satisfaction about facility allocation and its harmony to the forest, were how clean the facilities are, how well they are repaired and maintained, how much noise users make around them, how easy to use them, and how beautiful the surroundings are. Users' satisfaction variables about vegetation condition of recreation forest, were diversity of vegetation, the shade of trees, the reservation of the forest, and the accordance of vegetation with the surroundings. Users' satisfaction variables about facility condition in recreation forest, were how easy to access to the recreation facilities and restroom, how clean they are, how well the trash cans are allocated, how easy to access to the field kitchen. And how good the forest is protected and nurtured, how well the forest managers conduct users' behavior, how effectively recreation forest is guided and informed to the public, were their major satisfaction variables about the management of Recreation Forest.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.63-64
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• 2009

변환시설의 해체 시 발생한 해체폐기물은 2009년 현재까지 약 354톤이며, 이들 중 탱크, 배관, 반응기, 펌프류 동의 해체금속폐기물이 약 191톤으로 54% 를 차지하고 있다. 이들 해체금속폐기물은 제염 처리공정을 통하여 전량 자체처분폐기물로 전환시키는 것을 목표로 두고 있다. 이는 오염된 금속류를 효과적으로 제염한 다음 자체처분시킴으로서 방사성폐기물에 대한 처분비용을 저감할 수 있기 때문이다. 해체금속폐기물 중 스테인레스강 해체폐기물은 질산 용액을 사용한 초음파화학제염공정으로 제염한 후 자체처분폐기물로 53톤을 전환하였다. 탄소강 해체물의 경우 스팀제염공정으로 제염한 결과 제영 효율은 좋았으나 변환시설 가동 중 유지 보수를 위하여 페인팅을 하였던 해체물의 경우 페인트를 제거하지 않을 경우 스팀제염장치로는 제염이 안 되었다. 탄소강 해체금속폐기물은 약 117톤 발생하였으며, 이들 중 모터, 펌프 등을 제외한 제염 대상 폐기물은 약 80톤이며, 이들을 용융 제염 및 감용을 위하여 기초 연구를 수행한 결과를 바탕으로 약 180kg/batch 용량의 금속용융제염 설비를 제작 설치하여 탄소강 해체금속폐기물 용융제염 처리를 수행 중에 있다. 금속용융은 장치가 간단하고 폐기물 처리량이 비교적 적고 단속적인 운전에 매우 효과적인 고주파 유도로를 사용하였다. 용융장치는 고주파 발진장지와 용해로체로 구성된 고주파 유도설비와 냉각계통으로 구성된다. 고주파발진장치는 철제 200kg을 용해할 수 있는 용량을 갖추었으며, 실험 및 실제 처리 등 용해로체의 크기 변경이 필요할 경우에는 고주파발진기의 출력 주파수를 변경할 수 있게 하였다. 용융 장치의 발진기 부분의 입력전원은 3상, 440V, 60Hz 이며, 출력전원은 200kW, 출력주파수는 lkHz, 3kHz, 5kHz로 구성되어 있으며, 회당 180kg 의 폐기물을 용융할 시에는 3kHz로 고정하여 사용하였다. 용해로체 부분 중 고주파유도가열부는 heating coil 및 절연부로 구성되어 있고, 그 외 support frame과 lever로 구성되어 있다. 용해로체와 고주파 발진장치의 냉각을 위한 냉각설비는 냉각기와 냉매의 저장을 위한 저장조로 구성되어 있으며, 냉각기의 용량은 20RT 이다. 용융로체의 직경은 약 28cm로 크기가 큰 해체물의 장입이 어려워 작은 크기로 세절을 해야만 하며，용융로의 용량을 증가시킬 경우 해체물을 작은 크기로 세절하는 비용을 절감할 수 있을 것이다. 용융 중 시료 채취는 매 배치마다 수행하였으며, 그림3과 같은 시료 채취용 주형 틀에 국자모양의 채취기로 채취하였다. 해체물의 용융시 ingot를 생성하기 위해서 주형틀에 용융물을 장입하기 전 시료를 채취하였다 그림4는 생성된 ingot이며, 이들의 방사능 농도는 배치마다 차이는 있지만 최대 0.05 Bq/g 이하로 나타나 자체처분 폐기물로 전량 전환 가능하였다 그림5 는 해체물에 함유된 우라늄과 불순물을 제거한 슬래그로 방사능농도는 약 12Bq/g 으로 나타났으며, 이들의 발생량은 약 3wt% 정도로 폐기물 발생량이 작았다. 따라서 금속폐기물의 경우 용융제염으로 처리할 경우 폐기물 발생량을 최대로 줄일 수 있어 처리 효율이 기타 처리 공정보다 효율적인 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.55
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• pp.143-167
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• 2018

According to the Security Services Industry Act security guards are not just workers but security-related service workers complementing the lack of police force and specializing in protecting of national important facilities, industrial facilities and apartment houses. Nevertheless, confusing or mixing the security service workers in "Security Services Industry Act" with the guards in the "Act on the Protection etc. of Temporary Agency Workers" lead to a constant debate about the scope of work of security guards. In the case of security service workers in "Security Services Industry Act" there is a strict limitations on security service worker's qualification such as strict reasons for disqualification, a need to pass training for new workers and qualification training, a need to report to the competent chief police officer if the security guard has placed or unplaced by the security service company. It distinguishes security service workers in "Security Services Industry Act" from the guards in the "Act on the Protection etc. of Temporary Agency Workers" and acknowledges the occupation of security service worker as a professional service worker. Therefore, security service workers in "Security Services Industry Act" shouldn't be obliged to do any other work than security work. If it is required to do other work than security work contract by the "Security Services Industry Act" doesn't apply but need to use a security guard according to "Act on the Protection etc. of Temporary Agency Workers" or hire a security guard on the employment contract. In this way, when security service workers in "Security Services Industry Act" are recognized as professional security related workers, the entire security industry can ultimately develop.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of ventilation corridor and derive adequate policy alternatives to its application for the city of Sejong, which is located in an inland of Korean Peninsula. In order to introduce the ventilation corridor in the city, it is necessary both to understand change on fresh air flow affected by the construction of new cities and to show its effects which are able to circulate air flow of the city. The study identified ventilation effects using computational fluid dynamics models. In particular, it analyzed change on wind speed and direction after constructing of a new town and cool air flow along the lowlands generated after sunset. In addition, it identified those of reducing particulate matter when arranging buildings conforming to the ventilation corridor at block level. The policy implications derived from simulation can be summarized as follows. First, it is desirable to plan ventilation corridors so that fresh air from mountains, forests, and valleys can flow into cities and mitigate the concentration of particulate matter. Furthermore, public facilities covering parks, plazas, and playgrounds should be installed preferentially to attract safe outdoor activities near to areas with low levels of particulate matter. Finally, it is adequate to prepare for a number of alternative plans by analyzing ventilation corridors when setting out district unit plan.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.99-107
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• 2016

Korea has been known as volcanic disaster free area. However, recent surveying result shows that Baekdu mountain located in northernmost in the Korean peninsula is not a dormant volcano anymore. When Baekdu mountain is erupting, various damages due to the volcanic ash are expected in South Korea area. Especially, volcanic ash in the air may cause big aviation accident because it can hurt engine or gauges in the airplane. Therefore, it is a crucial issue to interrupt airplane navigation, whose route is overlapped with volcanic ash, after predicting three dimensional dispersion of volcanic ash. In this paper, we deals with 3D visualization techniques for volcanic ash dispersion prediction results. First, we introduce the data acquisition of the volcanic ash dispersion prediction. Dispersion prediction data is obtained from Fall3D model, which is volcanic ash dispersion simulation program. Next, three 3D visualization techniques for volcanic ash dispersion prediction are proposed. Firstly proposed technique is so called 'Cube in the Air', which locates the semitransparent cubes having different color depends on its particle concentration. Second technique is a 'Cube in the Cube' which divide the cube in proportion to particle concentration and locates the small cubes. Last technique is 'Semitransparent Volcanic Ash Plane', which laminates the layer, whose grids present the particle concentration, and apply the semitransparent effect. Based on the proposed techniques, the user could 3D visualize the volcanic ash dispersion prediction results upon his own purposes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.750-757
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• 2018

The mechanically stabilized earth wall abutment is an earth structure using a mechanically stabilized earth wall and it uses in-extensional steel reinforcements having excellent friction performance. In order to analyze the pullout behavior of in-extensional steel reinforcements usually applied on the mechanically stabilized earth wall abutment, effects of stiffness and particle-size distributions of backfills and also horizontal spacings were considered in this study. As a result of parametric analyses, the highest pulling force acted on the uppermost reinforcement, and the stiffness and the particle-size distributions of the backfill significantly affected the pulling resistance of the reinforced soils. The internal friction angle of backfills should be at least 25 degrees, the coefficient uniformity factor should be at least 4, and the horizontal spacing of the uppermost steel reinforcement should be less than 25cm. Therefore, in order to secure the pullout resistance of the reinforced soil, it is necessary a properly spacing of reinforcement and more strict quality control for the backfill.