• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2001

This study discusses some theoretical implications for efficient utilization of the global E-commerce in a world of uncertainty by beginning with measures of risk and return for the global E-commerce, and by moving to risk and return for a efficient transaction portfolio of many risky methods of transaction. Decision rules are developed to show how individuals choose optimal transaction portfolios that maximize their expected utility of wealth. First, the individuals will generally want to allocate positive amount to the global E-commerce, which requires that the expected marginal utility of wealth equals zero. Secondly, the optimal transaction portfolio will be determined by finding the point of tangency between the efficient trading line and the hightest indifference curve in the mean-variance plane. Thirdly, if the global E-commerce is positively correlated with wealth, it must have an expected return that is higher than the risk-free transaction methods in order to compensate for its risk. Fourthly, on the other hand, if the global E-commerce is negatively correlated with wealth, it will have an expected return that is less than the risk-free transaction methods. Finally, the valuation of global E-commerce depends on the degree of individual's risk aversion and the covariance between the expected return of total wealth and the return of global E-commerce.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.11
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• pp.195-216
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• 1998

Ownership of an asset can be identified with the right to exercise "residual control" where the contract is silent about decision rights, or with the right to receive any "residual returns" that remain after contractual. obligations are fulfilled. Although the concept of "ownership" seems reasonably clear in many of the cases, the concepts of residual control and the residual returns that define ownership are actually quite elusive. For large corporations, there is really no single individual who owns both the residual returns and the residual control. Despite the limited qualifications, ownership is clearly. the most common and effective meas to motivate people to create, maintain, and improve the value of assets. In this paper, we try to clarify the relationships among financial structure, ownership, and corporate control with the concept of ownership defined as the residual control and the residual returns, Financial securities are not just claims to part of a firm's net income. They give the security holder certain rights. A careful matching of rights of control and returns can create incentives that increase total value of the firms. In the corporate firms, managers, lenders, and shareholders have different interests. And the financial structure affects how different those interests are and what decisions management will make. Managers are, in general, better informed than investors about the firm's prospects. The financial decisions by managers may affect investors' beliefs and, therefore, the price of shares and the value of the firm.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2005

This study is to develop Bus Transit Route Analysis and Evaluation Model that can product the quantitative performance measures for Bus Transit Route Network Design. So far, in Korea, there are no so many models that evaluate a variety of other performance measures or service quality that are of concern to both the transit users and operator because of lower-level bus database system and transit route network analysis algorithm's limit. The BTRAEM in this research differ from the previous approach in that the BTRAEM employs a multiple path transit trip assignment model that explicitly considers the transfer and different travel time after boarding. And we develop input-output data structure and quantitative performance measure for the BTRAEM. In the numerical experimental applying BTRAEM to Mandl transit network, We got the meaningful results on performance measure of bus transit route network. In the future, we expect BTRAEM to give a good solution in real transit network.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.297-304
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• 2021

The environmental impact assessment(EIA) project in Korea has undergone changes and revisions in various evaluation items for about 30 years after the introduction of the Environmental Conservation Act (1997). However, despite the importance of land use evaluation items under the current EIA Act, there are insufficient studies to consider. Therefore, this study focused on the land-use evaluation items based on the EIA guidelines, reviewed 90 of the evaluation documents and consultation documents, and tried to suggest implications and supplementary points forthe domestic EIA land-use evaluation items. As a result, the paradigm was changing from land efficiency centered on development in the past to land efficiency centered on the natural environment and resource conservation. However, in spite of the manual for fitting the paradigm change, opinions on the conservation of the natural environment are still being drawn in the consultation document, so it needs improvement. Two improvements in the impact assessment process suggested in this study are the establishment of standardized spatial data and a quantitative impact and reduction method evaluation tool based on it. In particular, there is a need for a plan evaluation tool for land use arrangement and distribution that can solve the needs of minimizing damage to the natural environment and securing green space and a green network.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.201-212
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• 2021

This study aims to empirically measure K-pop fans' content and the extent of online activities. To achieve the purpose of the study, the researchers identify the statistically significant online activities that determine the intensity of fan attachment toward K-pop artists. Further, the research confirms the relative importance of various meaningful online activities. Consequently, we can develop the K-pop Online Activity Index (KOAI) model and apply it to this index model empirically for each respondent. We found that the model consists of five online activities of K-pop fans: whether joining the fan club or not, whether paying per view V live+ or not, whether watching VODs associated with artists or not, the degree of fan club writing, the degree of watching a lot on YouTube to improve the value of my artists. This study has practical significance in that it allows K-pop marketers to improve their marketing performance by providing content that will enable them to more efficiently and effectively allocate marketing resources to various online activities to get fan responses. It allows accumulating academic knowledge to understand the behavior in the field of online behavior for K-pop fans.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.823-830
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• 1995

A reactive piloting policy for Flexible Assembly Lines (FAL) is proposed, where the sequencing of the operations as well as the assignment of tasks to manipulators are not predetermined but driven by the actual state of the FAL For all work-in-process coming from a manipulator, the next destination is determined by minimizing a temporal criterion taking into account the time needed to reach the destination, the load of the manipulator to reach, the durati on of the operation to be completed in the destination manipulator, and the availability of product components in this manipulator. The purpose of proposed piloting policy is to manufacture a given quantity of products as rapidly as possible by balancing the amount of work allocated to manipulators and to reduce the efforts required for scheduling the production of short series of diversified products. After introducing the characteristics of assembly processes and FAL modelization, the proposed algorithm is evaluated by simulations. The simulations of the proposed algorithm showed satisfactory results.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.222-234
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• 2009

How to make use of the surplus labor force is the key problem referring to success or failure of new rural building in China. The purpose of the paper is to know exactly that what the problems to the development in the rural area, especially the problem of the rural labor force. The way to solve rural labor force question is to protect the rights of peasants, eliminate the extant city and rural's partitioning pattern and give them the same treatment. Firstly, it should dominate the city and rural economic society's development; Secondly, it should dominate the markets in city and rural, and speed up the fair competition in employment; Thirdly, it should dominate the infrastructural facilities in city and rural; Fourthly, it should dominate the education and social enterprises in city and rural; Fifthly, it should dominate the social security system in city and rural. It should also enlarge the investment of funding, science technology, talented person and management. This is the only way to solve the problem of rural labor force outlet.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.62-72
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• 2018

This study conducted a survey the creators of less than 100,000 subscribers about the motivation of choosing MCN, dissatisfaction factors, and the need for public supports. The results show that the motivation to select MCN is that they were satisfied with content distribution and distribution support. However, the creators who distrusted the MCN or were able to operate independently were working independently. Creators were aware of the difficulties of entering overseas market. Creators who were not affiliated with MCN recognized content marketing and distribution. Creators affiliated with MCN recognized that it's the most difficult to enter overseas markets. And regardless of affiliation, satisfaction with profitability was low. In terms of gender, female creators were found to be less satisfied with video production excellence and ease of use of the video platform. Early creators commonly required infrastructure such as production support and production facilities, and particularly demanded public support for marketing and overseas expansion.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.4 no.3 s.15
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• pp.76-84
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• 2003

The bankruptcy possibility of construction firms have been higher by the environment of current construction industry. Thus, converting management environment for growth into that for value or profit is required. Nowadays, funds of construction firms is almost provided by financial institutions. As the firms' size grow, they have a form of fund provision through the securities market; however, fair distribution for returns is not practiced by opening company. Especially, construction firms lost trust of Investor by lack of awareness to firm clearness, and then a vicious cycle of no effectiveness in fund provision through securities market is continued again. On this study correlation between stock quotations and primary financial factors of firms in order to grasp actual management condition in construction firms was analyzed. By this, the correlation between stock quotations and the result of firm management was provided. Also, necessity of firm's capital provision was explained, thus ways to ensure firm clearness was searched.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 1999.11c
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• pp.219-236
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• 1999

This study is to acquire a thorough understanding of the S&T level of Korea to serve as an important basis for the government policy-making, and to make basic information available to effectively promote the National R&D Program by survey of the overall S&T level in Korea S&T level survey is a comparison to the highest levels in the world to the third 3digit of the technology tree table. And, survey of technological gaps by year, during which Korea is able to reach the current level of the advanced countries. The findings of the surveys should be applied to strategic technology Planning for solving or narrowing the technology gap, e the major criteria for resources allocation in National R&D programs. And, the findings of the surveys should be the fundamental information used to establish strategic S&T policy in government.