• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.183-189
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• 2000

This study was carried out to analyze ecophysiological responses for seedling of Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis that are the typical species of deciduous broadleaved forests in Korea. And executed experiments in the climatic control room to provide necessary information to ecological forest management and methods of natural regeneration through the analysis of seedling responses. The details of experimental analysis were growth processes of 4 months after seeding that vary with the condition of three light intensity[relative light intensity(RLI) 8%, 20%, 52%] and three soil moisture[water suction(WS) Ψ=100 hPa, Ψ=280 hPa, Ψ=330 hPa] gradient, growth factors after harvesting and the nutrition condition of leaves. The results of this study are followings: 1) Early growth was prosperous after germination for the species which have more weight of acorn. 2) The formation of lammas shoot was favourable with Q. variabilis and Q. mongolica. And the rate of the occurrence was the highest in the RLI 20%, and it was remarkably reduced in the RLI 8%. 3) As the height growth of seedling of all 3 species were greater in the RLI 20% and 8% than that of the RLI 52%, they showed strong shade tolerance. 4) The increase of light intensity promoted the diameter at root collar growth, and development of main and lateral roots with all 3 species. 5) It showed that the increase of light intensity in the experimental radiation condition raised special leaf area weight(mg/cm$^2$) and leaf area productivity(mg/cm$^2$). Consequently, these resulted in the increase of leaf thickness and total dry biomass per the unit area of leaf. 6) As the increase of light intensity, the minerals contents of leaves such as N, P and K were lowered, and the increase of soil moisture resulted in the increase of P, K, Ca and Mg.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.146-150
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• 1990

This study was conducted to investigate the genetic analysis of esterase isozymes in maize with tillers. The materials used for the study were stele tissue for five day old seedlings of IK inbred line with tiller and A-type inbred line with no tiller, their Fl and F,. The methods employed for the study were same as previous report by Lee and Choe. A total of thirteen isoesterase enzyme bands were identified and five zones were distinguised according to both migration distance and genetic segregation patterns. The E$\sub$0.3/, E$\sub$0.4/ and E$\sub$0.5/ loci appeared from orgin to 0.5cm migration distance were controlled by the two alleles in (IK/A-type)F$_2$ and the E$\sub$0.3/+E$\sub$0.4/ of variants was controlled by codominant alleles. The E$\sub$1.0/, E$\sub$1.2/, E$\sub$1.5/ and E$\sub$1.8/ loci appeared from 1.0cm to 1.8cm were also controlled by the two alleles. However, the null band was functioned alleles. The E$\sub$2.8/, E$\sub$3.0/ and E$\sub$3.5/ loci appeared from 2.8cm to 3.5cm migration distance were very active and near location. A total of individuals with two paried bands of these loci were more than those of three paired bands(x$^2$=0.327$\^$**/). The activity of bands appeared over 3.8cm were very low and these were controlled by the two alleles. In above results, genetic segregations of stele tissue of maize with tillers were suggested to be controlled by Mendelian genetic laws.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.214-221
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• 2019

'Aram' is a soybean cultivar developed for soy-sprout. It was developed from the crossing of 'Bosug' (Glycine max IT213209) and 'Camp' (G. max IT267356) cultivars in 2007. F₁ plants and F₂ population were developed in 2009 and 2010. A promising line was selected in the F₅ generation in 2011 using the pedigree method and it was evaluated for agronomic traits, yield, and soy-sprouts characteristics in a preliminary yield trial (PYT) in 2012 and an advanced yield trial (AYT) in 2013. Agronomic traits and yield were stable between 2014 and 2016 in the regional yield trial (RYT) in four regions (Suwon, Naju, Dalseong, and Jeju). Morphological characteristics of 'Aram' are as follows: determinate plant type, purple flowers, grey pubescence, yellow pods, and small, yellow, and spherical seeds (9.9 g 100-seeds^-1) with a light brown hilum. The flowering date was the 5^th of August and the maturity date was the 15^th of October. Plant height, first pod height, number of nods, number of branches, and number of pods were 65 cm, 13 cm, 16, 4.5, and 99, respectively. In the sprout test, germination rate and sprout characteristics of 'Aram' were comparable to that of the 'Pungsannamulkong' cultivar. The yield of 'Aram' was 3.59 ton ha^-1 and it was 12% higher than that of 'Pungsannamulkong' in southern area of Korea. The yield of 'Aram' in the Jeju region, which is the main region for soybean sprout production, was 20% higher than that of 'Pungsannamulkong'. The height of the first pod and the tolerance to lodging and pod shattering, which are connected to the adaptation to mechanized harvesting, were higher in 'Aram' compared to those in 'Pungsannamulkong'. Therefore, the 'Aram' cultivar is expected to be broadly cultivated because of its higher soybean sprout quality, and seed yield and better adaptation to mechanized harvesting. (Registration number: 7718)

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.328-332
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• 2009

A new malting barley variety, "Oreum", was developed from the a cross between 'Kinuyutaka' and 'Samdobori' at the Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI) in 2006. An elite line, YMB2077-2B-24-1-2, was selected in 2003 and designated as 'Milyang132'. It showed good agronomic performance in the regional adaptation yield trials (RYT) from 2004 to 2006, and was released with the name of "Oreum" having high yielding and BaYMV resistance. The average heading and maturing dates of "Oreum" were April 18 and May 24, which were 2 days later than 'Jinyang', a leading variety, at RYT. "Oreum" had longer culm length (75 cm), more spikes per $m^2$ (990), and lighter 1,000 grain weight (35.2 g) than those of 'Jinyang' in paddy field conditions. It was showed resistance to BaYMV at the regions of Naju, Jinju and Milyang but moderate resistance at Iksan. However, the response to other environmental stresses of was similar to 'Jinyang' The yield potential of "Oreum" was about 5.43 MT/ha, 4.93 MT/ha in upland and paddy fields which was about 80%, 35% higher than Jinyang in the regional adaptation yield trials (RYT), respectively. It has good malting quality including high grain assortment, germination capacity ratio, water sensitivity and high the malt production and the extract and short filtration speed than those of 'Jinyang'.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.68 no.3
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• pp.167-174
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• 2023

This study investigated the microstructure and water absorption characteristics of the Korean adzuki bean (Vigna angularis L.) cultivar under accelerated storage. The germination rate, acid value, redness (a^*), and yellowness (b^*) values showed no significant differences after three months of storage compared to pre-storage under low temperatures (4℃). However, a statistically significant difference was observed under accelerated high temperatures (45℃). In particular, after storage for three months, the germination rate and acid value were 0% and 33.63 mg KOH/100g, respectively, under accelerated high temperatures. After storage for three months, the holes, hilum damage, and spaces between the seed coat and cotyledon shortened the time and speed of water absorption under accelerated high temperatures compared to that under low temperatures. Conversely, further research is required to investigate the reason for the low rate of parallel water absorption.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.3
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• pp.524-531
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• 1996

The objective of this study was to determine the important factors affecting the early natural regeneration of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. Seed germination, survival and height growth of the pine seedlings were examined at four experimental plots of P. densiflora forests including forest roadside. Plots I and III were thinned in 1992, plot II was treated with hexazinone in 1993 after seed tree method was applied in 1982 and 1989. Seedlings emerged after thinning and the rate of their emergence depended on forest floor conditions. Seedling survival was related with light conditions, herbaceous vegetation, and degrees of rainfall. More seedlings emerged in forest hauling roads than within the forest because soil scarification due to logging provided better conditions for seed germination and seedling growth. Seed supply was enough, but germination rate was very low in the forest compared with that in the greenhouse because micro-environments such as organic layer and herbaceous plant acted as limiting factors. Weed control was needed for 4 to 5 years until seedlings grew upto about 50cm in height which was similar to that of herbaceous plants. But 10-40% coverage of herbaceous vegetation was needed to protect small seedlings from heavy rain. Forest works such as thinning and logging, over 40% of light were important factors to help the pine regeneration. However, over 70% coverage of herbaceous vegetation, and heavy rain inhibited rather survival and growth of pine seedlings.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.245-251
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• 1973

Effects of lime and inoculation on dry matter yield and nutrient contents of three alfalfa varieties (Medicago sativa L. var. Moapa, Washoe and Lahontan) were investigated with pot culture using Red-yellow sandy loam soil (pH 4.9, from Ryogi hill) 1. In no lime plot germination was poor and harvest was nil, but Moapa was stronger than others. 2. Dry matter yield in uninoculation plot was Moapa>Washoe>Lahontan and effect of inoculation was reverse but nodule development was not clear by inoculation. 3. Dry matter yield in uninoculated plot tends to increase with cutting but effect of inoculation to decrease and the same in nitrogen content in herbage. 4. Moapa was higher in the content of N, Ca, Mg and lower in P, K than Washoe and Lahontan. 5. Washoe was higer in K and Mg and lower in P and Ca than Lahontan. 6. The content of microelements (Fe, Mn and Zn) tends to increase by inoculation and the content of P and K decreased with cutting. 7. High yielding capacity of Moapa seems to be attributable to strong absorption power of N, Ca, Mg and low requirement of P,K.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2007

Incorporating herbicides application into a fertilization program has several benefits including saving time and reducing traffics on the lawn. Premixed products of fertilizers and herbicides are commonly known as Weed & Feed in the lawn-care industry. To compare Weed & Feed with separate applications of fertilizers and herbicides on a Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) lawn, a Weed & Feed 28-3-3, containing 0.64% 2,4-D, 0.31% MCPP, and 0.03% dicamba of active ingredients, was used in this study. The first application was in May, with the second in June or Sept. Herbicides in forms of 2,4-D (LV-4, 4EC), MCPP (4EC), and dicamba (Clarity, 4EC) were applied at rates equal to the amounts in Weed & Feed or at half of the rates. The dominant weed in both locations was common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber.) in 2005 and 2004. A secondary weed was Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.) in 2004 and broadleaf plantain (Plantago major L.) in 2005. When applied in May and June, fertilizer plus full rate of herbicides treatment achieved 112.3 and 83.7 days of acceptable turf quality in 2004 and 2005, respectively. During the same period, Weed & Feed resulted in 58.7 and 24.3 days of acceptable turf quality, respectively. Our study showed that Weed & Feed was generally as effective in weed control as the same amount of fertilizer plus half rates of herbicides sprayed although results may vary due to the timing of application. Fertilizer plus full rates of herbicides provided the same or better results of weed control than Weed & Feed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.447-476
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• 2007

The pollen and revisional study aimed for an elucidation of taxonomic delimitation and relationship of Thalictrum taxa in Korea, especially among the morphologically confused taxa. Pollen grains of 63 populations of 17 taxa were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Although pollen morphology was not useful for the species classification, it revealed a tendency in which Sects. Physocarpum, Erythrandra and Tripterium having broad filaments and round-tipped anthers possess closer distance between adjacent pores, less echinus number per unit area, smaller pollen, and higher echinus, on the contrary to Sects. Omalophysa, Camptonotum and Thalictrum having filiform filaments and acute-acuminate- or more or less round-tipped anthers. The palynological result did not support several section system by Tamura (1992) but one section system by Lecoyer (1885). If a infrasectional system is needed, it was suggested that the system dividing the section into two (Clauiformes and Filiformes sensu Lecoyer) would be natural on the basis of stamen and pollen characteristics. Revisional study found out that 17 taxa(16 species) of Thalictrum are distributed in Korean including T. filimentosum which presence in Korea was not confirmed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.423-427
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• 2006

1) 바실러스는 불리한 환경조건에서 포자를 형성하며 포자는 균체가 죽어도 살아 남고, 외부 환경이 좋아지면 다시 발아하여 영양형 균체를 형성하게 된다. 본 연구에서 바실러스를 우점화와 포자의 활성화를 위해 열처리(80$^{\circ}C$, 10min)를 한다 울산분뇨처리장 슬러지 Cake를 배양하여 포자화 전 후 상태의 미생물의 EPS 추출결과 RCF법을 적용하였을 때 Carbohydrate물질이 다른 추출법에 비해 가장 많이 추출되었고, Steaming extraction법을 적용하였을 때 Protein이 가장 많이 추출되는 것으로 나타났으며, 포자화 전 보다 포자화 후의 EPS 양이 더 많이 추출될 것이라는 가설을 가지고 실험한 결과 포자화 전보다 포자화 후의 EPS 양이 더 많이 추출되었다. 울산분뇨처리장의 슬러지 Cake를 배양하여 포자화 전 후의 Cu의 제거정도를 비교한 결과 포자화 후의 EPS물질이 포자화 전의 EPS물질보다 Cu를 더 많이 제거하는 것으로 나타났으며 EPS 물질이 중금속 제거능력이 탁월하다고 할 수 있겠다. 2) 용인분뇨처리장과 천안하수처리장의 MLSS의 중금속 제거능력을 알아보기 위해 미생물량을 고려했을 경우와 미생물량을 고려하지 않은 경우로 나누어서 실험을 하였는데 울산분뇨처리장의 슬러지 Cake를 가지고 실험한 결과와 마찬가지로 Bacillus의 EPS물질이 중금속 제거에 탁월하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 3) Baillus를 사용하는 김천 식품폐수 처리장과 활성슬러지를 사용하는 천안하수처리장과의 EPS 함량을 비교한 결과 김천 식품폐수 처리장의 EPS 물질중 Protein과 Carbohydrate가 천안하수처리장의 활성슬러지보다 더 많은 것으로 나타났다.TEX>, DIN/DIP비 표층수 $23.91\pm3.42$, 저층수 $23.43\pm3.38$이었으며, 전반적으로 해역별 수질기준 I등급 내지는 II등급을 유지하고 있었고, 공간적으로는 외해측으로 갈수록 외해수와 혼합 확산되어 양호한 수질을 나타내었다. 장기적인 변동특성은 세그룹으로 구분되어진다.기 실험결과 용출용매로 증류수와 해수를 이용했을 때, 제강 슬래그에서 용출되는 납, 구리, 카드뮴, 수은의 용출 경향의 차이를 확인할 수 있었고 이에 따라서, 납, 구리, 카드뮴의 용출 유해성은 낮기 때문에 해양구조물로의 제강슬래그 유효이용은 적합할 것으로 판단되었다.im80%$로 계산되었다. 열형광선량계로 측정된 방사선량은 각각 1.8, 1.2, 0.8, 1.2, 0.8 (70 cm 거리) cGy로 측정되었으며, 환자의 복부 표면에서의 서베이메터를 이용한 측정량은 10.9 mR/h였다. 차폐구조물의 사용 시 전체 치료 동안에 태아선량은 약 1 cGy 정도로 평가되었다. 결론 : AAPM Report No.50의 자료에 따르면, 임산부의 방사선 치료 시 태아의 방사선 피폭선량은 5 cGy 이하일 경우에 방사선 피폭에 따른 태아의 위험이 거의 없는 것으로 제시되고 있다. 본원에서 차폐 구조물을 설치하였을 경우에 측정된 태아선량은 약 1 cGy로 측정되었고, 고안된 차폐구조물은 태아에 도달하는 방사선량을 감소시키기에 적합한 설계임이 입증되었다. 아니라 일반종합병원에서도 CTX-M형 ESBL 생성 E. coli와 K. pneumoniae가 존재하며 확산 중임을 시사한다. 앞으로 CTX-M형 ESBL의 만연과 변종 CTX-M형 ESBL의 출연을 감시하기 위한 정기적인 연구와 조사가 필