• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.286-293
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• 2022

Recently, the importance of elemental technologies constituting smart factories is increasing due to the 4th Industrial Revolution, and simulation is widely used as a tool to learn these technologies. In particular, PID control is an automatic control technique used in various fields, and most of them analyze mathematical models in certain situations or research on application development with built-in controllers. In actual educational environment requires PID simulator training as well as PID control principles. In this paper, we propose a model that enables education and practice of various PID controls through 3D simulation. The proposed model implemented virtual balls and Fan and implemented PID control by configuring a system so that the force can be lifted by the air pressure generated in the Fan. At this time, the height of the ball was expressed in a graph according to each gain value of the PID controller and then compared with the actual system, and through this, satisfactory results sufficiently applicable to the actual class were confirmed. Through the proposed model, it is expected that the rapidly increasing elemental technology of smart factories can be used in various ways in a remote classroom environment.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.74
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• pp.57-80
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to review the practicality of Christian education for sustainable development in a rapidly changing world. The first part of this study identify the concept, meaning, and direction of implementation of "Sustainable Development," which has been studied and published around UNESCO since the early 1980s, and present practical strategies for the sustainable development of Christian education. This study chronologically selected five major reports published by UNESCO--"Our Common Future"(1987), "Agenda 21"(1992), "UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development 2005-2014"(2002), "Roadmap for Implementing the Global Action Programme for Education for Sustainable Development 2015-2019"(2014) and "Education for Sustainable Development 2030"(2020)--and examined the concept and meaning of "Sustainable Development"(SD). At the same time, in relation to "Education for Sustainable Development"(ESD), the occurrence, change, and implementation method of "Sustainable Development Goals"(SDGs) were examined and presented. This study derived three Christian educational implications necessary to properly establish the next generation of faith, based on a leadership development strategy using the concept of sustainable development, For the sustainability of Christian education, the foundation of education based on the correct biblical interpretation of cultural mandate is first examined, and then the need for curriculum development and class design is proposed using various types of indicators and educational modules. Finally, specific practices for the development of educational leadership to revitalize Christian education are presented through a multi-dimensional approach.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.1A
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• pp.31-43
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• 2009

In this study, the numerical method is presented, which can consider the various train types and can solve the equations of motion for a vehicle-bridge interaction analysis by non-iteration procedure through formulating the coupled equations of motion. The coupled equations of motion for the vehicle-bridge interaction are solved by the Newmark ${\beta}$ of a direct integration method, and by composing the effective stiffness matrix and the effective force vector according to a analysis step, those can be solved with the same manner of the solving procedure of equilibrium equations in static analysis. Also, the effective stiffness matrix is reconstructed by the Skyline method for increasing the analysis effectiveness. The Cholesky's matrix decomposition scheme is applied to the analysis procedure for minimizing the numerical errors that can be generated in directly calculating the inverse matrix. The equations of motion for the conventional trains are derived, and the numerical models of the conventional trains are idealized by a set of linear springs and dashpots with 16 degrees of freedom. The bridge models are simplified by the 3 dimensional space frame element which is based on the Euler-Bernoulli theory. The rail irregularities of vertical and lateral directions are generated by the PSD functions of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). The results of the vehicle-bridge interaction analysis are verified by the experimental results for the railway plate girder bridges of a span length with 12 m, 18 m, and the experimental and analytical data are applied to the low pass filtering scheme, and the basis frequency of the filtering is a 2 times of the 1st fundamental frequency of a bridge bending.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.581-607
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• 2019

Noting that exorcism play and mask play are different in their ritual nature, this paper aims to examine their ritual through the social drama theory of Victor Turner, a cultural anthropologist. Turner views every incident in human history as a social drama and interprets it based on the four-step structural theory of breach, crisis, redressive action, and reintegration. In particular, he believes that the redressive phase takes place through a ritual solution rather than a legal or political solution in the village community. Based on such Turner's theory, Chapter 2 analyzes Yeonggamnori, Jeju's typical exorcism play, and explains the process leading to reintegration in accordance with peaceful ritual. Chapter 3 then analyzes the Puppet Play on the same principle and examines that redressive action is being resolved through a sacrificial ritual in the case of this play. Chapter 4 checks whether the results from the previous two plays show similar aspects in other traditional plays. To this end, the exorcism play will be analyzed for Jeju's Seocheon Flower Play, Junsangnori, Segyeongnori and Sanshinnori, while the mask play will include Bongsan Mask Dance, Yangju Byeonsandae Play, Goseong Ogwangdae and Hahoe Mask Dance. As a result of these studies, it is the main point of the study to prove that exorcism play and mask play are different in their ritual nature. However, this research is only in the stage of seeking differences in its ritual, and the review on the historical and social causes of differences is left as a research task at a later date.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.41-51
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• 2023

As abnormal climatic event occur frequently due to global warming, many nations have proclaimed their commitment to achieving carbon neutrality and are actively pursuing a transition toward a hydrogen economy. At this time, ammonia has garnered significant attention not only as a high-capacity hydrogen carrier but also as a promising candidate as a carbon-free fuel. In particular, anion exchange membrane fuel cells offer the advantage of directly supplying ammonia to the fuel cell, eliminating the necessity for separate ammonia decomposition or hydrogen purification. Therefore, in this study, the operation principle and research trend of the anion exchange membrane fuel cell are reviewed, and several research using ammonia as a fuel in anion exchange membrane fuel cell are also investigated.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.163-181
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• 2023

Improving the detection performance of facilities corresponding to the sensors of autonomous vehicles helps driving safety. In the road and transportation field, research is being conducted to improve the detection performance of sensors by road infrastructure or facilities. As part of this on the development of autonomous driving support infrastructure, the shape of traffic cones and drums to ensure sufficient LiDAR detection performance even rainy conditions and maintain the line-of-sight guidance function in construction zones improvement effect. The principle was to increase reflection performance and ensure no significant difference in shape from existing facilities. Traffic cones were manufactured in square pyramid shapes instead of cones, and drums were manufactured in hexagonal and octagonal pillar shapes instead of cylinders. LiDAR detection data for the facility was confirmed on a clear day and with 20 mm/h and 40 mm/h rainfall. The detection performance of the square pyramid-shaped traffic cone and octagonal column-shaped drum was to the existing facility. On the other hand, deviations occurred due to repeated measurements, and significance could not be confirmed through statistical analysis. By reflecting these results, future studies will seek a form in which data can be obtained uniformly despite the diversity of measurement environments.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-42
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• 2023

Objective: To understand the contents and effects of public diplomacy by leaders, this paper throws out two questions: "To draw cooperation and support of international society in the middle of national crises, with what content do leaders conduct public diplomacy?" and "Through what mechanism, does leaders' public diplomacy promote cooperation and support of other countries?" Methods: To answer the research questions, this paper conducts a single case study with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky's public diplomacy in the Russia-Ukraine war in 2022. More specifically, the author collects text from Zelesky's Twitter and analyzes it in a descriptive manner. Results: When Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, President Zelensky proactively utilized his SNS to communicate with people in other countries and thereby achieved the desired effect of public diplomacy. He has been delivering messages of 'appreciation of cooperation and support', 'situation of Ukraine', and 'congratulations or condolences', which could augment support, credibility, and audience cost. Conclusion: The effects of public diplomacy led to enhanced cooperation by alleviating problems within international cooperation and support. However, in the case of Ukraine, the patron's dilemma and commitment problem lasted, from which conducting public diplomacy has not been proven to be enough. The result of this paper provides lessons for the public diplomacy of the Republic of Korea in times of national crises in the future. In this regard, leaders should make efforts to promote the effectiveness of public diplomacy even in times of peace.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.1
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• pp.99-115
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• 2021

Various sequences have been developed for MRI to aid in the radiologic diagnosis. Among the various MR sequences, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is a high-spatial-resolution, three-dimensional gradient-echo MR sequence, which is very sensitive in detecting deoxyhemoglobin, ferritin, hemosiderin, and bone minerals through local magnetic field distortion. In this regard, SWI has been used for the diagnosis and treatment of various neurologic disorders, and the improved image quality has enabled to acquire more useful information for radiologists. Here, we explain the principle of various signals on SWI arising in neurological disorders and provide a retrospective review of many cases of clinically or pathologically proven disease or components with distinctive imaging features of various neurological diseases. Additionally, we outline a short and condensed overview of principles of SWI in relation to neurological disorders and describe various cases with characteristic imaging features on SWI. There are many different types diseases involving the brain parenchyma, and they have distinct SWI features. SWI is an effective imaging tool that provides complementary information for the diagnosis of various diseases.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.94-103
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• 2024

The eyeball input system is a text input system designed based on 'eye tracking technology' and 'virtual keyboard character-input technology'. The current virtual keyboard structure used is a rectangular QWERTY array optimized for a multi-input method that simultaneously utilizes all 10 fingers on both hands. However, since 'eye-tracking technology' is a single-input method that relies solely on eye movement, requiring only one focal point for input, problems arise when used in conjunction with a rectangular virtual keyboard structure designed for multi-input method. To solve this problem, first of all, previous studies on the shape, type, and movement of muscles connected to the eyeball were investigated. Through the investigation, it was identified that the principle of eye movement occurs in a circle rather than in a straight line. This study, therefore, proposes a new key arrangement wherein the keys are arranged in a circular structure suitable for rotational motion rather than the key arrangement of the current virtual keyboard which is arranged in a rectangular structure and optimized for both-hand input. In addition, compared to the existing rectangular key arrangement, a performance verification experiment was conducted on the circular key arrangement, and through the experiment, it was confirmed that the circular arrangement would be a good replacement for the rectangular arrangement for the virtual keyboard.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to classify the logical forms of scientific explanations provided by teachers in secondary earth science classrooms, to examine the characteristics of the scientific explanations in different forms, and to identify the roles of the teacher and students in discursive practices for scientific explanations. Data came from the earth science teachers who participated in overseas teacher in-service programs in the years 2003 and 2004. A total of 18 video-taped lessons and their verbatim transcriptions were analyzed. The result showed that deductive-nomological explanations occurred most frequently in earth science classrooms and that the deductive-nomological model was well-suited to those problems for which there existed firmly established scientific laws or principles to construct scientific explanations. However, abductive explanations were presented when the classes dealt with retrodictive tasks of earth science. The statistical-probabilistic and statistical-relevance models were also employed in explaining weather proverbs and unusual changes of weather, respectively. Most of the scientific explanations were completed through the teachers' monologic utterances, and students assumed passive roles in discursive practices for developing scientific explanations. Implications for science lessons and science education research were discussed.