• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.64-91
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• 2018

This study explores the interactive pattern among social issue, academic research, and governmental policy on science and technology during the last 20 years. In particular, we try understand wether the science and technology policy research and governmental policy meets social needs appropriately. In order to do this, we have collected text data from news articles, papers, and governmental documents. Based on these data, social network analysis and cluster analysis has been carried out. According to the results, we have found that science and technology policy researches tend to focus on fragmented technological innovation meeting urgent practical needs at the initial stage. However, recently, the main characteristics of science and technology policy research shows co-evolutionary patterns responding to society. Furthermore, time lag also has been observed in the process of interaction among the three bodies. Based on these results, we put forward some suggestions for upcoming researches in science and technology policy. Firstly, analysis levels are needed to be shifted from micro level to mezo or macro level. Secondly, more research efforts are required to be focused on policy process in science technology and its public management. Finally, we have to enhance the sensitiveness to social issues through studies on agenda setting in science and technology policy.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.761-779
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the quality of life of elderly people from the ecological perspective. Specifically, this study attempts to compare the relative contributions of the variables from the individual system, microsystem, mesosystem, and macrosystem on the quality of life of the elderly people. The subjects for this study consisted of 443 elderly over 60 years old in Daegu city, Gyeongsang-do, and Chungchung-do areas. The data were collected randomly by interviews with a structured questionnaire, and analyzed by frequencies, means, ANOVA, and hierarchial regression method. The major-findings of this study were as follows: 1. The quality of life of the elderly consisted of four factors; physical, economic, psychological, and social factors. The highest satisfaction score for the quality of life was found in psychological factors, The global satisfaction score for the quality of life was found to be relatively high. 2. Out of the individual factors influencing the quality of life of the elderly, the economic status of the respondent was found to be the most important. Out of the microsystemic factors, the most important factors were found to be the intimacy with the spouse and with the children. Out of the mesosysystemic factors, the degree of the social participation of the elderly was found to be the most significant. However, none of the macrosystemic factors were found to be important in influencing the quality of life of the elderly people. 3. The relative significances of the variables contributing to the quality of life of the elderly were analyzed using a hierarchical regression technique. It was found that there was no significant factor in social background and mesosystemic variables. On the other hand, the degree of the self-efficacy and the level of the economic status from the individual factors, and the intimacy with the spouse and the children from microsystemic factors were found to be very significant in contributing the quality of life of the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.803-819
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• 2009

This study explores of the lowest social class segregation in the residential area of Yao city of the Osaka Prefecture. The Buraku people, who constitute a social class that was the object of societal discrimination and exclusion since the beginning of modem times, formed a segregated residential area of their own. During the process of an organized struggle against discrimination that was institutionally recognized, communal consciousness among the constituents was consolidated. Moreover, in the Yao city, Korean immigrants in Japan, another discriminated group, as well as Vietnamese refugees and Chinese, who are also social minorities, increased in number. Also, activities by the Buraku people and Korean immigrants in Japan to defend human rights and the rights of social minorities began to unfold. Recently, the number of small scale factories in the Buraku's Douwa District decreased due to relocation of manufacturing companies elsewhere throughout Japan and to the effects of depression. New non-Buraku houses began to appear one by one on the site where factories started to disappear. While the spatial separatism of Yao city, as part of the isolated Douwa District, is weakening, the struggle based on communal consciousness among the social minorities and continued human rights activity is exerting great influence upon the administrative policy of Yao city. In the case of Yao city, while the visual appearance of spatial segregation is weakening, the communal consciousness among the regional residents remains. From this perspective, it can be said that this case represents a modified form of isolated space or the social pattern of segregation which is in the stage of extinction.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.52
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• pp.33-61
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• 2003

This study aims to identify early retirement and the subsequent career ending patterns and explain the phenomena in terms of social security policies and labor market perspectives. Although many older workers retire early, there are very few studies to examine how the retirees end their careers after quitting the long-time jobs. The paper investigates individual work experiences 55 through 61, identifies the career ending patterns, constitutes the micro and macro analytical models to estimate the impacts of labor market and work-related variables. The findings show that many older workers have diverse career ending patterns after long-time career jobs, that is, still working at age-55 job, exiting and reentering, sporadic work, retired permanently from age-55 job, a repeat of labor force entry. Also the estimation results indicate that pension, social security, labor market condition, work structure variables better explain the career ending behaviors than social psychological factors of health, education, attitudes toward retirement and job, ethnicity. Finally, this paper discusses theoretical importances of labor market perspectives and policy implications at the end of thesis.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.155-171
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• 2009

This study was designed to examine the use of housing in modern Korea, and to draw the interrelation of people and housing. In-depth interviews were conducted, and the qualitative research investigated various aspects of housing history among four individuals during the different phases of social and economic transitions. 4 narratives showed the unique characteristics of life history, and the findings indicated that the housing experiences were closely related to hometown, the relation to birth family at postmarriage, economic status, and the meaning of home. The main findings were as follows: the validity to select the interviewers was proved in that the selection was based on both housing structure type and ownership, and also the research indicated that economic status and housing structure type influenced the entire housing experience of each interviewee. The use of housing varied and the implications of housing lied in social and economic contexts. The use of housing, of which the term was contrived to alternatively described housing consumption modes, and chronology were affected by such individual factors as economic status, familiar relationships, residential location, the meaning and subjectivity of housing.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.43-55
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• 2007

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the ecological variables on adolescent's sociometric popularity. Independent variables were organism(sex, age, aggression, self-esteem, impulsiveness, prosocial behavior, dominance), microsystem(parenting style, family support, friends relationship, teacher support), mesosystem(family-peer relationship, family-school relationship), and exosystem(positive community environment, social support of extended family, school's policy). The subjects were 835 - 1st and 2nd graders of two middle and two high schools in Daegu. Adolescent's sociometric popularity and ecological variables were measured with questionnaire. Adolescent's sociometric popularity was measured with sociometric popularity questionnaire. Organism variables were measured with sex, age, aggression, self-esteem, impulsiveness, prosocial behavior and dominance questionnaire. Microsystem variables were measured with parenting style, family support, friends relationship and teacher support questionnaire. Mesosystem variables were measured with family-peer relationship and family-school relationship questionnaire. Exosystem variables were measured with positive community environment, social support of extended family and school's policy questionnaire. The data analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, cronbach's $\alpha$, and multiple regression. The major findings were as follows: First, adolescent's sociometric popularity was affected by age, overt aggression, academic self-esteem, social self-esteem, and impulsiveness of organism variables. Second, adolescent's sociometric popularity was affected by mother's affectional parenting, mother's control parenting, and attachment to friends of microsystem variables. Third, adolescent's sociometric popularity was affected by family - peer relationship and family - school relationship of mesosystem variables. Fourth, adolescent's sociometric popularity was affected by appraisal support of extended family, after-school activity, and circle activity of exosystem variables.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.59-73
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• 2004

Since 1980s' Korea had a great change on the housing culture by the supply of multi-family housing stock both on the macro-social and micro-social aspects. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes and the characteristics of housing environments which were estimated its modernization, and to examine the personal life under the change of housing environments. So I would like to revaluation the characteristics of modernization between the 1980s' and 1990s'. Therefore references were made to various papers, reports, the statistical data, newspaper reports, advertisements and magazines during that period. As a result, this paper came to the remarks as follows: 1. The success of modernization on the housing environments since 1980s' was the Quantitative growth of housing supply by multi-family housing. In spite of this, the Quantitative growth of housing supply and the improvement in Quality like housing space per person had the characters which was 'out of valence on the division'. 2. The Qualitative improvement of modem housing life by the development of housing industries could be said the improvement owing to develop of facilities and equipments. The introduction of up-to-date facilities and equipments realized the convenience and the rationality of living in the house. Although the improvement on the physical things deteriorated the modernized spaces to uniform things by commercial strategies. 3. The life in the multi-family housing which gives protection to personal privacy was settle down on the extremely individualized life without common things within the neighbors. Multi-family housing which was a production of process of modernization came true the growth in an appearance and the variety in the inside, but for the aspect of residents' everyday life in the multi-family housing, the Korean traditional relationship was collapsed and a sense of incompatibility within the residents was created.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.2B
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• pp.153-160
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• 2006

To recommend ecological flow for major tributaries in Han River basin, the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) have been applied. In particular physical habitat simulation using PHABSIM have been selected for microhabitat variables and QUAL2E model have been used to implement macrohabitat simulation. Habitat Suitability Criteria (HSC) for different life stages in accordance with different hydraulic variables (depth and velocity) have been presented by the field surveying data. We review IFIM procedures and discuss limitations of habitat simulation with specific reference to Han River basin. The results of this research can be used as reference flow for estimation of instream flow in Han River.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.741-762
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• 2015

This study examines the long-term prospects for a minimum living guarantee by public pensions for the elderly using a dynamic micro-simulation model. "Elderly poverty" here is an estimate calculated by considering only the public pension income and it means how public pension affects the minimum living guarantee for the elderly. The main results are: First the impact of the public pension system on elderly poverty can be decomposed into economic growth and institutional effect. When considering both effects, the absolute poverty rate of the elderly will be reduced to 20% by the year 2040. But when considering the institutional effect(except economic growth effect), that rate is expected to be a long-term level of around 90%. Second, even if the Basic Pension is indexed to 10% of A-value, the elderly poverty rate is only about 10%p to be reduced further, compared to the current CPI-indexed system. Third, current benefit formula for National Pension does not consider the actual correlation of income level and insured period; consequently, the reversal possibility of the replacement rate appears likely. Fourth, the reform of 2007 improves the sustainability of the National Pension; however, it deteriorates the adequacy of the pension policy, i.e., the past system would be better than the current system in regards to a reduction in elderly poverty. Further discussion is needed on aspects of correct pension reform assessments which is difficult to achieve without understanding the comprehensive benefits and costs to society.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.620-632
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• 2004

This paper tries to examine differences between geography classes taught by majored and non-majored teacher and to find problems in the latter case, tv observing four middle school geography classes in Seoul, from April to May 2003. The observation was fecund on (1) organization of a class (2) dialogue between teacher and students (3) strategy of explanation. In addition, the author conducted personal interviews with social studies teachers in the schools where the observations were made. The analyses of the observed classes were made by micro-ethnographic research method. Major findings of the observation and analysis are as follows. First, the transition from one topic to another topic was not smooth in the case of non-majored teacher class. Second, the questions that the non-majored teacher posed in the classroom played less significant role in keeping up the class in an organized fashion than those that the majored teacher posed. Third, the non-majored teacher focused on the concepts, terms and contents appeared in the textbook and simply tried to explain them, whereas the majored teacher demonstrated teaching methods such as comparing and contrasting cases to provide students with a more dynamic and comprehensive understanding on the topic they teamed. Fourth, the non-majored teacher used maps less frequently and less actively than the majored teacher. In addition, although the non-majored teachers are well aware of their problems in the class as a non-majored teacher, they think that the problems are inevitable in a given curriculum structure of social studies in Korea.