• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 2017

In this study, the activity of Takli-san for anti-oxidation, anti-wrinkle and whitening effect was verified and its applicability as a cosmetic material was confirmed. 1-1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenge, 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenge, elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory activity were investigated by solvent fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of water extract from Takli-san (TW-EA) showed the highest inhibitory activity. Western blot was performed to confirm anti-wrinkle and whitening effect in the cells, and it was investigeted that the TW-EA inhibition effect was superior to that of the positive contol used for the comparison test. Through the results of the experiments, the applicability as a cosmetic material of Takli-san was verified.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.320-326
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• 2017

This study investigated the water extracts of fallen pear (FPWE) on tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. In the present study, we examined the effects of FPWE on mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro, B16F10 melanoma cell tyrosinase activity, melanin contents, and expression of melanogenic enzyme proteins such as tyrosinase. An apparent down-regulatory effect on tyrosinase activity was observed when B16F10 cells were incubated with FPWE. Results of melanin assay using B16F10 cells treated with different concentrations (50, 125, and $250{\mu}g/mL$) of FPWE showed a dose-dependent decrease in melanin content. To determine whether or not FPWE indirectly affects tyrosinase activity, we assessed mushroom tyrosinase activity upon treatment with various concentrations (125, 250, 500, and $1,000{\mu}g/mL$) of FPWE. In addition, we investigated changes in the protein level of tyrosinase by using Western blotting. Tyrosinase and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor expression levels in B16F10 melanoma cells were reduced in a dose-dependent manner by FPWE. These results suggest that FPWE reduced melanin formation by inhibition of tyrosinase activity. Therefore, we suggest that FPWE could be used an effective whitening agent for skin.

• Clean Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.401-407
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• 2017

This paper describes a shake-flask fermentation of Acacia flower producing whitening- and antioxidant- agents. Tyrosinase activity was inhibited in the presence of traditional and flask-fermentation broths whereas no inhibitory effect of flower extract was observed. Tyrosinase inhibition was 40% in the presence of solution containing 10% of extract from fermentation broth and it increased by increase in the concentration of it. Arbutin ($20mg\;mL^{-1}$) and kojic acid ($80{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) gave 90% and 58% inhibition, respectively. The result indicates that whitening activity of 40% extract solution was comparable to that of kojic acid ($80{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$). The comparable antioxidant activity was observed for 60% extract and $10mg\;mL^{-1}$ vitamin solution. No noticeable toxicity was observed with extract. The physicochemical stability of fermentation supernatant was observed at room temperature storage condition. The result clearly shows that shake-flask fermentation of Acacia flower produced whitening agent for functional cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.4 s.54
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• pp.295-304
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• 2005

Recently, arbutin, oil soluble licorice extact (GLY), ascorbyl glucoside (AA2G), and ethyl ascorbyl ether (EAE) have been widely used as functional whitening ingredients. To Investigate which combination between the above agents could be more effective for whitening effect, tyrosinase activity and MSH-induced melanin production in B-16 melanoma cells were investigated. Both GLY and arbutin dose-dependently inhibited purified tyrosinase activity. The inhibitory effects of GLY with AA2A or EAE on Drosinase activity were more potent than those of GLY alone, whereas that of arbutin with other ingreadients did not show those effects. In MSH-induced melanin production in B-16 melanoma cells, the mixture of Gly and EAE more significantly reduced melanin formation than Gly alone. Stability of mixture of GLY, arbutin, AA2A and EAE exposed at the temperature of $25^{\circ}C\;or\;45^{\circ}C$ for 30 days were also investigated. All of the combinations of whitening agents did not show any critical changes in their composition stability. These data suggest that the combination of GLY and vitamin C derivatives such as AA2G and EAE may be useful for the promotion of whitening effect.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.183-189
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the whitening effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in addition to its antioxidative activities. The cytotoxicity of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus was 7.6% at 10.0% (v/v) concentration. Its cytotoxicity was lower than 3.2% of Lactobacillus casei when adding the same concentration. Lactobacillus rhamnosus exhibited high antioxidative activities at 14.9% of DPPH radical scavenging activity, and a lower reducing power was measured. Lactobacillus casei exhibited relatively lower antioxidative activities at 13.4%. The tyrosinase inhibition activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus was observed at 31.3% when adding 10.0% (v/v), as compared to 17.7% for Lactobacillus casei. Lactobacillus rhamnosus demonstrated strong inhibition activity for melanin synthesis at 58.6% when adding 10.0% (v/v), while Lactobacillus casei increased to 80.6%. It was also observed that the high antioxidative activities of Lactobacillus rhamnosus were strongly correlated to whitening activities, due to the inhibition of both tyrosinase and melanin synthesis. These results support the expanded use of lactic acid bacteria as a functional bioresources in the cosmetics industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2010

상온에 준하는 저온의 플라즈마를 발생시키는 장치들이 개발되면서, 저온 플라즈마와 생체조직간의 상호작용에 대한 연구가 큰 관심을 끌고 있다. 플라즈마에서 발생되는 다량의 이온과 활성종, 그리고 UV 등이 박테리아나 세포들과 작용함으로 해서 암세포 사멸, 치아 미백, 박테리아 살균/멸균, 지혈등의 효과들이 나타나고 있으며, 이러한 효과들을 극대화할 수 있는 장치 개발과 플라즈마와 생체조직간의 상호작용 메카니즘을 규명하는 것이 중요한 이슈가 되고 있다. 나노 금입자를 암세포의 막단백질인 FAK의 항체와 결합시킨 중합체를 만들어서, 암세포 표면에 나노 금입자붙이고, 플라즈마를 조사했을 때, 나노 금입자가 부착되지 않았을 경우에 비해서, 5배이상 사멸률이 증가하였다.[1] 변색된 치아에 미백제의 주성분인 과산화수소를 도포하고, 10분간 플라즈마를 조사하게 되면, 과산화수소만 도포했을 때에 비해, 치아 표면의 색이 3배이상 밝아지는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 과산화수소를 플라즈마에 노출시켰을 때, 활성종인 OH의 생성이 2배이상 증가하였고, 플라즈마에 의한 OH 생성의 촉진이 치아 미백효과가 증대되는 주된 요인인 것으로 추측된다.[2] 플라즈마에서 발생되는 O, $O_3$와 같은 활성종들은 살균력이 뛰어나기 때문에, 저온 플라즈마를 의료기구의 소독/멸균에 응용할 가능성이 아주 크다. 대장균이나 구강 세균이 플라즈마 처리로 5분이내에 멸균되는 것을 확인하였고, 핸드피스와 같은 의료기구를 오염시켜서 멸균 테스트를 수행하고 있다.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.319-326
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• 2011

In order to investigate the potential of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) oil as an active ingredient for whitening cosmetics, we prepared N. sativa oil. We measured its inhibitory effects on mushroom tyrosinase activity, cellular tyrosinase activity, and melanin synthesis inhibitory activity in B16 melanoma cells. N. sativa oil and its components showed inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase and melanin synthesis. In a melanin synthesis inhibition assay using mouse B16-F10 melanoma cell, it reduced melanin production up to 86 % at a concentration of 10 mg/mL without cytotoxicity. In the study on the melanogenic protein expressions by using RT-PCR and Western blot, N. sativa oil and its components inhibited expression of tyrosinase protein, which is a well-known key protein on melanogenesis, and tyrosinase expression was gradually decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, this result suggests that N. sativa oil could be used as an active ingredient for whitening cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.91-96
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• 2011

Deficiency of collagen regeneration, denaturalization of fibers, increased melanin synthesis and reactive oxygen species are important factors inducing deterioration of healthy skin function. They induce freckles and decrease in skin elasticity. Vitamin C, vitamin A and their derivatives have been used as cosmetic ingredients for improvement of these problems but they have various problems. We have been developing the various derivatives of these ingredients. In this study, we investigated whitening effect of 3-o-cetyl-L-ascorbic acid (VCCE), a new vitamin C derivative. The VCCE inhibited melanogenesis in a dose dependent manner(44 % at $20\;{\mu}g/mL $) and tyrosinase expression. For 8 weeks, we also investigated skin brightening effect of VCCE on pigmented spots in UV-irradiated human skin. In results, VCCE showed a statistically significant skin whitening effect by mechanical and visual evaluation. Taken together, our findings suggest that the VCCE has potential benefits as an active ingredient for whitening cosmetics.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.1063-1069
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• 2014

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to lead to oxidation of lipids, proteins, and DNA and cause skin damage. Moreover, ROS promote melanogenesis, which causes melasma, age spots, and freckle. The main compounds of the herbal medicines Poria cocas, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and Ulmus macrocarpa were reported to be parchymic acid, glabridin, and flavonoids, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate the whitening and antioxidant effects of a mixture of P. cocas, G. uralensis, and U. macrocarpa extracts (PGUE) in B16F1 cells to develop whitening cosmetics. PGUE inhibited DPPH radicals and lipid peroxidation, in addition to high reduction power, compared with Glycyrrhiza uralensis ethylacetate extracts (GUEE). Furthermore, PGUE exhibited a protective effect against DNA oxidation induced by the hydroxyl radicals. In addition to its antioxidant activity, the inhibitory activity of PGUE against tyrosinase, which is associated with melanogenesis, was greater than that of arbutin used as a positive control. Moreover, PGUE exerted an inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis in live melanoma cells and reduced the expression levels of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) and tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1). These results indicate that PGUE has skin whitening and antioxidant effects, suggesting that this mixture can be used as the main ingredient in the development of effective whitening cosmetics.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.198-205
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• 2017

In this study, graviola leaf extracts (GLE) was investigated for the effect of antioxidant, antibacterial, whitening, anti-wrinkle. The antioxidant effect of GLE was measured by an electron donating ability assay. As a result, GLE increased the electron donating ability in a concentration-dependent manner. The antibacterial effect of GLE was found to show the higher antibacterial effect in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus CCARM3115 compared with that of ampicillin by a paper disc method. The whitening effect of GLE was also measured by tyrosinase inhibition assay, and it was found that the tyrosinase activity of GLE decreased as the concentration increased. The inhibition activity of tyrosinase involved in hydroxylation reaction which is related to converting L-tyrosine to (DOPA) was higher than that of arbutin's at the concentration ranging from 125 to $250{\mu}g/mL$. In addition, GLE reduced melanin contents of B16-F10 melanoma cells in a dose-dependant manner and decreased to about 76.7% at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$ Regarding wrinkling formation of GLE, an elastase inhibition assay was performed. As a result, GLE and ursolic acid were 10.5% and 56.5%, respectively under the identical concentration. These results suggest that GLE has significant antioxidant and whitening activities, and also may be potentially used as a therapeutic agent for hyperpigmentation treatment as an ingredient of whitening cosmetics.