• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2009

This study was conducted to analyze to the applicability of refined saps of Acer mono, A. mono for. rubripes, A. okamotoanum through sap refining system. 1 species of Bacillus genus, 3-4 species of yeast and 2 species of fungi were detected in the origin sap of three Acer spp. The pH in the origin sap were 6.5, and decreased in refining sap as 6.3-6.4. Sucrose in sugar components was detected in the origin and refining sap of Acer spp., but glucose and fructose were not detected. Compared the origin and refining sap, mineral components decreased slightly in refining sap. These results indicate that refining sap of Acer spp. are drinkable with long-term storage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.923-928
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• 2016

To increase the consumption of head-type kimchi cabbage leaves as fresh food ingredients, the physicochemical composition was investigated depending on leaf parts. Kimchi cabbage leaves were divided into three portions, such as outer (L1), mid (L2), and inner (L3), and their proximate compositions were determined along with dietary fiber, free sugar, organic acid, free amino acid, and mineral contents. Contents of moisture, crude protein, and crude fat were highest in L1, whereas contents of crude ash and carbohydrate were highest in L3 (P<0.05). Calories ranged 24.5~26.5 kcal/100 g with no significant difference among leaf parts, and dietary fiber content of L1 was highest (P<0.05). Fructose, glucose, and sucrose contents were highest in L3 (P<0.05). Citric acid, malic acid, and succinic acid were detected, and contents of citric acid and malic acid were highest in L3, in contrast, succinic acid was highest in L1 (P<0.05). Glutamic acid, constituting over 30% of the total free amino acid contents, was highest in L3, whereas ${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid contents were highest in L1 (P<0.05). K, Na, Ca, and Mg were the major minerals in head-type kimchi cabbage, and their contents showed no significant differences (P<0.05). It can be proposed that marketing of head-type kimchi cabbage as a fresh-cut vegetable could be enhanced due to the different quality characteristics of its leaf parts.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.576-581
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• 2008

The chemical components of the wild vegetables Solidago virgaurea spp. gigantea, Aster glehni var. hondoensis, and Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus grown on Ulleung island, Korea were investigated. In dried powders of these three wild vegetables, the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, crude fiber, and crude ash were 3.77-5.72%, 15-29%, 3.50-6.68%, 4.00-6.01%, and 8.70-10.54%, respectively. There were differences in the levels and nature of organic acids in the vegetables; the major organic acids were succinic acid, citric acid, and malonic acid. The major free amino acids in the vegetables were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine, and phenylalanine. Riboflavin contents were 90 mg% in Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus and $2{\sim}3$ mg% in the other vegetables. The thiamin contents were 113 mg% in Aster glehni var. hondoensis, 85 mg% in Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus, and 71 mg% in Solidago virgaurea spp. gigantea. The major fatty acids in the three vegetables were linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid; 60% of total fatty acid was linolenic acid. Catechins were present at 5.37 mg% in Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus, 2.46 mg% in Solidago virgaurea spp. gigantea, 1.29 mg% in Aster glehni var. hondoensis.(-) ECC was detected in only Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus. The contents of Ca, P, and Na in the three vegetables were higher than the contents of other minerals.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2007

Contents of scorched particles in infant formula were studied to provide a scientific evidence for standardization of Food Regulation in Korea. The specification of scorched particles in infant formula in Korea was satisfied with CODEX, USDA and so on. But food regulations for scorched particles in baby food are not mentioned in Korea. Nowadays social interests of scorched particles in infant formula are being increased in the respect of safety for baby food. The composition and contents of scorched particles were analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer(SEM-EDS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer(ICP-MS). The results indicate that the scorched particles consist Ca, Na, Fe, Mg and trace elements derived from the ingredient of infant formula. Infant formula are composed of milk, skimmed milk, whey, mixed vegetable oils, minerals and vitamins. These results also show that the contents of scorched particles of infant formula in Korea are little or similar level to those reported in other countries. In general, heavy metals derived from scorched particle are originally used as a source of minerals in infant formula. And it has been thought that they doesn't effect on Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake set by FAO/WHO for contents and composition of scorched particles.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1032-1040
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• 2013

The comparative effects of fibrinolytic, antioxidative activity and electrophoretical protein patterns with Cordyceps militaris powder (CM) and cordycepin-enriched Cordyceps militaris JLM0636 powder (CCM) and fermented cordycepin-enriched Cordyceps militaris JLM0636 powder by several microscopic organisms were investigated. In addition, nutritional materials such as mineral, protein, and fatty acids were also measured. The protein concentration was higher in CCM than that in CM. The protein concentration in fermented CCM was the highest in CCM treated by Aspergillus kawachii among the various samples. When total protein patterns of CM, CCM, and both fermented CCMs were analyzed by native- and SDS-PAGE, there were slightly varietal differences in electrophoretical protein patterns. Major minerals were K, Ca, Mg, and Zn. Major fatty acids were palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. Fibrinolytic activity was the highest in the fermented CCM by Bs treatment among the various samples. The ${\alpha},{\alpha}^{\prime}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was slightly stronger in the CCM treated with Aspergillus kawachii among the various samples; however, these samples all exhibited relatively low levels of activity compared with the butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). These results may provide the basic data necessary to understand the biological activities and chemical characteristics of Cordyceps militaris JLM0636 powder fermented by several microscopic organisms to develop functional foods.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.252-258
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• 1998

A feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of deletion of P, Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, K, Mn, or Se from mineral premix in the diets containing $40\%$ fish meal on growth performance of juvenile Korean rockfish. Three replicate groups of the fish initially averaging 5.4 g were fed the experimental diets deleted one ot each mineral (P, Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, K, Mn, Se or all) in the mineral premix for 9 weeks. A basal diet with fish meal ($40\%$), meat meal ($9\%$), soybean meal ($5\%$), corngluten meal ($3\%$), and leather meal ($3\%$) as protein sources were included. Weight gain in fish fed diets deleted Ca, Zn, K, or Se was lower than that of control diet ( P<0.05). Daily feed intake, condition factor, hepatosomatic index and liver chemical composition were not affected by dietary mineral premixes (P>0.05). Apparent skeletal deformities were not observed in the diets deleted each mineral, The data obtained in this study indicate that each of the Ca, Zn, K, or Se should be added in the diet contained $40\%$ fish meal for normal growth of Korean rockfish.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.280-286
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to describe the effects of genetic factors on the chemical composition or metabolites of grapes harvested within the same region. Grapes were separated into pulp, skin, and seed, and physicochemical characteristics were compared among seven grape varieties. The sugar concentrations of the grape musts ranged from $15.17-20.93^{\circ}Bx$ with Seibel variety being highest at $20.93^{\circ}Bx$. pH ranges of grape musts were 3.46-4.02 and total acidity was highest with 1.05 in Steuben variety. Tartaric acid content was highest with 146.68, 500.10 mg/L in pulp and skin extract of Merlot variety. Malic acid content was highest in pulp extract of Seibel variety (1127.14 mg/L) and skin extract of Chardonnay variety (1720.06 mg/L). K content was highest with 379.13 and 828.01 mg/L in pulp and skin extract of Chardonnay variety. Ca content was highest in pulp extract of Kyoho variety (6.98 mg/L) and skin extract of Campbell Early variety (12.26 mg/L).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.409-415
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• 1993

For the use of sea mustard in snack food as the supplement of minerals and nutrients, three types of product like sweet jelly, jam and candy were prepared adding fresh sea mustard homogenates, dried sea mustard powder and sea mustard extract, respectively. That were prepared by four different ways, cold water extract, hot water extract, $1\%$ NaOH extract and $95\%$ ethanol extract. The extract contains plenty of particulary iodine and calcium in hot water extract and other nutrients. Judging by sensory evaluation, color, flavor and taste of jam, sweet jelly and candy added with sea mustard, products were satisfactory to attractive snack food for children and these could be useful as the source of minerals and nutrients.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2003

The chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of green tea extracts in medilite-extraction water were compared to that of distilled water(DW). Antioxidant activity was fetermined by the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat liver homogenates and microsomes and the scavenging activity of free radicals by DPPH ($\alpha$, $\alpha$'-diphenyl-$\beta$-picrylhydrazyl). The order of total polyphenolic compounds and extracted yield by extracts was medilite 325 mesh-extraction water, medilite 600 mesh-extraction water and distilled water(DW). The ranges of scavenging activity of green tea extracts in DPPH method were 60.95% - 64.51%. The inhibition ratios of TBARS formation in the rat liver homogenates and microsomal fractions were significantly lower with green tea extracts by DW-extraction than with both medilite 325 mesh and 600 mesh-extraction water. The concentration of iron ion of water containing medilite 325 mesh and green tea extracts and of water containing medilite 600 mesh and green tea extracts were significantly higher compared to DW. Therefore, this result suggested that enhanced concentration of iron ion in green tea extracts by medilite-extraction water containing high iron ion content was associated with enhanced peroxidation of the rat liver microsomal fractions. These results showed that total polyphenolic compounds, the % of yield and mineral compounds of green tea extracts were increased using medilite 325 mesh and 600 mesh-extraction water.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.685-695
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• 2015

Mud, iron oxide, plaster, salt, minerals, and dissolved metals are sequentially deposited in accordance with the increasing concentration of seawater. In this paper, by using the physical characteristics of the seawater, we propose a new vacuum heat-transfer technology to subsequently obtain the proportion of the dissolved components in a cost-effective manner. Based on the vacuum heat-transfer characteristics of seawater, we comprehensively divide the seawater resource processes into the following four processes: (1) the salt concentration process to the saturation concentration, (2) crystallization process for salt formation, (3) mineral precipitation, and (4) remaining of dissolved metals.