• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3347-3352
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• 2010

It is recommended that the door of control room is closed during radiography to protect a radiologic technologist. However, for those patients such as of emergency or pediatrics, the door must be kept open unavoidably to apply immediate medical administration and treatment on the potential case of emergency which could be happened through the course of radiography. In addition, it could be efficient by reducing patients waiting time when the door is open for a general case. This study was conducted to evaluate practical exposure rate to a radiologic technologist when the door is open during the radiography, and to find out the ways to minimize radiation exposure and to increase the efficiency simultaneously. Measuring practical exposure rate was fulfilled with glass dosimeter, and it was 2.02 mGy/week at the location of radiologic technologist under the condition that the door is open during the radiography, which was about 2.3 times higher than the 100 mR/week. It means that the considerable amount of scattered rays through the door opening, and increase exposure rate at the radiologic technologist. Hence we confirmed that a radiologic technologist probably overexposed if the door is open during the radiography. It was also confirmed by the Monte Carlo simulation that the exposure rate could be reduced up to approximately 1/100 by change only the door opening direction. In conclusion, since the proper door opening direction provides same shielding effect whether it is open or close, the door opening direction need to be considered when it is installed at radiography facilities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.641-649
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• 2020

This study was conducted to examine the effects of instruction (explicit, implicit) and stimulus presentation time (300 ms, 500 ms) in ABM training. According to the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS) and the attention bias score (ABS), 60 undergraduate students were selected. All participants' SADS scores were above 82 and their ABS score was greater than 0. The training group was explicit-300 ms training group (n=10), explicit-500 ms training group (n=10), implicit-300 ms training group (n=10) and implicit-500 ms training group (n=10). In the implicit instruction group, only information about procedure was included. In the explicit instruction group, additional information about training manipulation (the probe always presented at the location of the preceding neutral stimuli) was provided. The control group were placebo-300 ms control group(n=10) and placebo-500 ms control group(n=10). After 8 sessions of training, the effect was only found in instruction conditions. The explicit training group showed significantly decreased SADS after training. ABS changed significantly in all three conditions but the treatment effect was most effective in the explicit instruction condition. No significant effect was found in the stimulus presentation time. These results suggest that explicit instruction might promote the effect of ABM training compared to implicit instruction.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.273-294
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• 2012

In my previous article "An Inferentialist Account of Indicative Conditionals" and "An Inferentialist Account of Indicative Conditionals and Hasuk Song's Objections", I argued that the so-called Uncontested Principle is not uncontestable. According to the Uncontested Principle, an indicative conditional '$A{\rightarrow}C$' logically implies a material conditional '$A{\supset}C$'. In his recent paper "On the Recent Controversies surrounding the Uncontested Principle" Wonbae Choi presents three objections to my claim. First, my denial of the Uncontested Principle implies rejecting modus ponens. Second, my denial of the Uncontested Principle is tantamount to taking the truth-conditions of an indicative conditional as weaker than those of a material conditional, which are usually taken to be the weakest among conditionals. Third, my view that we can warrantedly assert '$A{\rightarrow}C$' even when 'A ${\therefore}$ C' is inductively justified is based on a misunderstanding of the way in which indicative conditionals are justified. In this paper I argue that Choi's objections are all based on misunderstandings of my view. First, I do not deny the validity of modus ponens (as a form of deductive reasoning). Second, the fact that the inductive warrantability of 'A ${\therefore}$ C' does not imply the truth of '$A{\supset}C$' does not show that the truth-conditions of an indicative conditional is weaker than those of a material conditional. Third, Choi's claim that a contingent conditional '$A{\rightarrow}C$' is true only when 'C' can be deductively derived from 'A' in conjunction with a hidden premiss is not well grounded, nor does it fit the facts.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.235-250
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• 2020

Agricultural practices are known to have a crucial influence not only on soil physico-chemical properties but also on microbial communities. To investigate the effect of farming practices on soil microbial communities, a total of 10 soil samples were collected, including five conventional and five organic farming soils cultivated with peppers in plastic greenhouse. We conducted barcorded-pyrosequencing of V1-V3 regions of 16S rRNA genes to examine soil microbial communities of two different farming practices. Taxonomic classification of the microbial communities at the phylum level indicated that a total of 22 bacterial phyla were present across all samples. Among them, seven abundant phyla (>3%) including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes were found, and Proteobacteria (33.0 ± 5.7%), Actinobacteria (19.9 ± 9.7%), and Firmicutes (13.6 ± 5.0%) comprised more than 66% of the relative abundance of the microbial communities. Organic farming soils showed higher relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, while Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were more abundant in conventional farming soils. Notably, the genera Bacillus (higher in organic farming soils) and Streptomyces (higher in conventional farming soils) exhibited significant variation in relative abundance between organic and conventional farming soils. Finally, correlation analysis identified significant relationships (p<0.05) between soil chemical properties, in particular, pH and organic matter content and microbial communities. Taken together, this study demonstrated that the changes of soil physico-chemical properties by agricultural farming practices effected significantly (p<0.05) on soil microbial communities.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.869-878
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• 2021

This study is a study on 11-story apartments that increase the event of fires in old apartments where building-related laws and regulations are not retroactively applied. As a result of analyzing the risk of installing fire doors in Improvement Scenario 2-4, assuming that fire doors are installed as basic scenario 1 in the existing situation where fire doors are not installed at the entrance of direct stairs. In basic scenario 1, the visible distance to the entrance of the direct staircase due to the spread of smoke was 260 seconds. Improvement scenarios 3 to 4 with fire doors installed open 300 seconds after the fire was recognized, and when the fire doors were installed at the entrance of the direct stairs, the visibility to the entrance of the statistics team was less than 600 seconds. In this case, the visibility was 600 seconds at the time of installation of the fire door, and scenarios 3 to 4 increased 56.6% compared to scenario 1, lowering the risk of evacuation by more than 50%. In order to eliminate the risk of non-installation of direct statistical groups that increase the risk of smoke spread, building-related laws such as the Fire Fighting Act shall be retroactively applied when installing a direct stairway entrance or balcony folding evacuation system. The improvement caused by the installation of fire doors has numerically proven the necessity of fire doors during evacuation, and the importance of maintaining fire doors can be grasped.

• 주류산업
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.48-51
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• 2008

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.169-189
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• 2005

In order to derive a better classifier with a limited number of training examples, active teaming alternately repeats the querying stage fur category labeling and the subsequent learning stage fur rebuilding the calssifier with the newly expanded training set. To relieve the user from the burden of labeling, especially in an on-line environment, it is important to minimize the number of querying steps as well as the total number of query examples. We can derive a good classifier in a small number of querying steps by using only a small number of examples if we can select multiple of diverse, representative, and ambiguous examples to present to the user at each querying step. In this paper, we propose a cluster-based batch query selection method which can select diverse, representative, and highly ambiguous examples for efficient active learning. Experiments with various text data sets have shown that our method can derive a better classifier than other methods which only take into account the ambiguity as the criterion to select multiple query examples.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.7380-7384
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• 2014

Evacuation fire doors were manufactured by applying phosphorescent paint to the whole fire door whose performance was already recognized, and applying heat sensitive paint around the grip. The facility was improved by the evacuation and safety functions on the fire door, which has been used as only a fire facility, and the fire door is also used as an evacuation facility. The brilliance of the evacuation safety fire door manufactured in this study passed the brilliance test of Korea Fire Institute with a performance more than the brilliance (7mcd after 60 minutes) of the existing inducement sign. During a fire, the visible area is larger than the evacuation door inducement, etc. and light preventive status in the lower part of the fire door was observed during the descent of smoke. Therefore, it is considered to extend the evacuation effective time of evacuators. In heat sensitive paint applied around the grip, a color change is observed on the fire door when approaching a certain temperature ($70^{\circ}C$). Therefore, the first disaster that evacuators can encounter on the grip of a fire door during a fire can be prevented and should be helpful in recognizing the backfiring possibility and preventing safety accidents for firefighters who must enter a fire space.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

This paper presents a study on the evacuation analysis in underground arcade. In this study, the effect of the exit with a windbreak door has been investigated by using evacuation simulation program (building EXODUS). Also, the simulation has included the impact of smoke, heat and toxic gases by fire simulation program (CFAST). The results were obtained for the conditions of without and with door of the two exit with 1,088 evacuation population. As a results, for non-fire evacuation, there was only a little difference of evacuation time for both conditions. However, for fire emergency evacuation, the evacuation time for the condition with door increased more 110 seconds than for the condition without door. When the auto door not opened, the evacuation time was increased more 670 seconds than for the condition without door. Consequently, in case of fire, the automatic door should be operating by the signal of fire detector and keep open when the fire accidents. To lead the evacuees well to the escape route the luminaries for an emergency exit sign have to be reinforced to the wall and floor around the exit.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.81-114
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• 2018

This study was conducted to review the educational reform of the Moon Jae-In government, to analyze the its issues, and to suggest the tasks for the successful reform at the time since the government of Moon Jae-In was launched just over a year old. To attain the aim, we first examine the characteristics of the Moon Jae-In government, who emerged as a candlelight revolution, and what it means in terms of educational politics perspective. Under this background, this study examined the direction, contents, and implementation method of education reform policy of the Moon Jae-In government. And the study discussed what are the major issues raised in the direction and contents, implementation method of education reform, and what are the future challenges for resolving such issues. In conclusion, based on the discussions of the issues and tasks of the education policy, in order to implement the new educational system in the future, the Moon Jae-In government should take into consideration the discourses related to vision and direction, educational policy to embody them. The results of this study are expected to give an opportunity to examine the direction, content and implementation of policy in the early stage of the government.