• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.260-267
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• 2021

Increasing the needs for eco-friendly natural materials, much attention on natural dyes has been attracted. Curcumin, one of abundant natural dyes available in nature, is an eco-friendly molecule found in turmeric. In this study, the colorimetric sensing behavior characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen chloride gases was analyzed using curcumin ink-printed paper and cotton fabric by inkjet printing method. The fabricated paper and fabric were utilized as a colorimetric sensor that can track food spoilage. The color changes of the samples printed on the paper and cotton upon exposure to the toxic gases, the reversibility of the color changes, and the water resistance were investigated. Both samples showed reversible reactions with NH3 and HCl, and small amount of ammonia produced by food spoilage was successfully sensed with naked eyes, confirming its capability to warn food spoilage in our daily life.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2024

A fishway is an artificial waterway or device used to resolve difficulties in the movement of fish in a river. Most existing fishways are made of concrete and emit toxic substances, which has a negative impact on the river environment. Accordingly, there is a need to develop fishway construction technology that is eco-friendly and can increase movement efficiency. The technology presented in this study is an integrated porous structure that combines the aggregate with a biopolymer material extracted from castor oil, a non-toxic material. It is a fishway construction technology using eco-friendly materials that can allow vegetation to grow on the surface. In this study, an eco-friendly fishway mixed with biopolymer and aggregate was built on a real scale and the fish movement efficiency was tested and analyzed. As a result of the experiment, a total of 201 fish of 14 species were released with tags inserted, and the detection rate of released fish was confirmed to be 82.6% on average. A total of 40 fish of 6 species were transported upstream through the fishway, and the average passage rate was confirmed to be 21.7%. As a result of checking the circadian migration pattern, it was found that all fish mainly migrate during the day. It was confirmed that there was no significant functional difference between a fishway using biopolymer and a concrete fishway. It is believed that a fishway using biopolymer can be used as a replacement for a concrete fishway.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.211-220
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• 2019

This study was to investigate the physiological activities of bioconversion soybean embryo extract and the effects of sleeping pack containing extract on skin. The aglycone isoflavones of the soybean embryo extract bioconversed with pectinase were identified by HPLC. in vitro tests showed that they were non-toxic, anti-inflammatory, anti-melanin and anti-aging activity. After 4 weeks of human body application with the sleeping pack using extract, the skin surface roughness and eye wrinkles were so improved by low stimulation that the sleeping pack containing bioconversion soybean embryo extract has a positive effect on the skin. We confirmed that the bioconversion soybean embryo extract was effective in enhancing the physiological activity and was useful as a cosmetic material of various formulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.1771-1778
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• 2015

The study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity effects of 1% Rhus verniciflua vinegar (RV) supplementation in high-fat-diet (60% fat)-induced obese rats. A total of 50 4-wk-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed normal chow diet or maintained on high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity and were then randomized into five groups as follows: normal diet+ultra-pure water (CON), HFD+ultra-pure water (OB-DW), HFD+1% acetic acid (OBAA), HFD+1% RV (OB-RV), and HFD+0.1% caffeine (OB-CF). AA was used as a control for RV, and caffeine was used as a positive control due to its weight reducing effect. After 2 months, body weight, organ and adipose tissue weights, serum lipids, hepatic lipids, adipocyte size, and cell number per spot level were analyzed. As a result, food efficiency ratio, abdominal adipose tissue weight, serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, coronary artery index, and fecal lipid were significantly reduced in the RV treatment group. In this study, we found that dietary RV improved obesity by increasing lipid excretion and reducing lipogenesis. These results suggest that RV has potential as a functional anti-obesity food.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 2015

In the present study, we investigated the oral toxicity of Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemaire, (Zingiberaceae) extract in Balb/c mice (BALB, n=60) for 3 weeks. Balb/c mice (10 mice/group, 6 group, $20{\pm}2g$, 6 weeks) were orally administered for 21 days, with dosage of 250, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg/day. Ethanol extract of A. tsao-ko did not affect any significant change of mortality, clinical signs, organs and body weights. Also, there were not significantly difference from the naive group (control) in hematological and serum biochemical examination. Consequently, these findings indicate that 3-week treatment with the ethanol extract of A. tsao-ko was not any toxic effects in Balb/c mice and the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for oral toxicity was determined to be 2000 mg/kg/day under our experimental conditions.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.342-349
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• 2018

In this study, the physicochemical properties, emulsifying capacity, moisture content and cytotoxicity of the composite material produced by transesterification reactions of the olive oil (olive oil esters) were investigated for cosmetic applications. Olive oil esters with short (S) and long (L) reaction times were studied. From the TLC-image analysis, composition ratios of the olive oil esters S were found to be 5.2, 24.1, 46.4, and 21.9% for mono-, di-, tri-glyceride, and fatty acid ethyl ester, respectively. Those of the olive oil esters L were 4.1, 24.7, 40.6, and 28.8% for mono-, di-, tri-glyceride, and fatty acid ethyl ester, respectively. The iodine value, acid value, saponification value, unsaponified matter, refractive index, and specific gravity were determined and purity tests were also carried out and normalized to establish standards and testing methods for using olive oil esters in cosmetics. To evaluate their emulsifying capacities, the O/W emulsion was prepared without surfactants and the formation of the emulsified particles were confirmed. After 5 days of applying the olive oil esters to human skin, the skin moisture retention was improved by 13.1% from the initial state. For the evaluation of toxicity on human skin cells, the olive oil esters showed 90% or more of the cell viability at $0.2-200{\mu}g/mL$. These results suggested that olive oil esters can be applied as natural/non-toxic ingredients to cosmetics industries.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2002

Cotinine, one of nicotine metabolites, has been blown to reduce 4-(methylnitro samino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone(NNK)- induced $O^{6}$MeG DNA adducts significantly in A/J mice when administered together with NNK. In order to examine the effects of phyto-extract mixture on the conversion of cotinine from nicotine, cellular and clinical experiments were carried out. When the phyto-extract mixture was added to culture media, human liver cells (FLCFR5) produced cotinine from nicotine 2~3 times compared to the control. The phyto-extract mixture which was microinjected into Xenopus oocyte along with nicotine showed the almost similar production of cotinine compared with the results of hepatic cell culture. In clinical test employing 17 to 20 healthy men, concentrations of urinary cotinine derived from smoking after taking photo-extract mixture increased up to 2 times compared to the control group. These results indicatethat the phyto-extract mixture can increase the metabolic efficiency of nicotine to cotinine, leading to the reduced formation of $O^{6}$MeG DNA adducts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1324-1330
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• 2009

Lindera obtusiloba Blume (LO), which is widely distributed in Korea, Japan and China, has traditionally been used as a popular folk medicine for the treatment of fever, abdominal pain, bruise and extravation. The purpose of this study was to examine the toxicities of the single and 14-day repeated doses in Sprague-Dawley rats orally administrated with LO at doses of 0, 500, 1000, 2000 (14-day repeated toxicity test) and 5000 (single toxicity test) mg (dry weight)/kg of body weight/day. The results showed that there was no difference in body weight change, food intake, water consumption, or organ weight among different dose groups. Also we observed no death and abnormal clinical signs during the experimental period. Between the groups orally administered LO and the control group, there was no statistical significance in hematological test or serum biochemical values. There were no evidences of histopathological alteration as well as abnormal gross finding mediated by single and 14 days treatments with LO. These results suggest that no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of the oral application of LO was considered to be more than 2000 mg/kg in rats under the conditions employed in this study.