• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.180-187
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate effect of sensory stimulation on the mother-infant interaction in premature infants. Method: The subjects of this study consisted of 36 pairs of premature infants and their mothers from NICU of one university hospital located in Taegu, 18 pairs for intervention group and 18 pairs for control group. The data were collected from May, 1999 to October, 2000. For the intervention group Field's sensory stimulation(tactile and kinesthetic stimulation) was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10:00-11:00 in the morning and 7:00-8:00 in the afternoon by researcher and mother). To determine mother and infant interaction during feeding, tool developed by Kim Mi-Ye(1999) was used. Collected data were analyzed with SAS program using chi-square test and t-test. Result: Significant differences were found in mother-infant interaction between two groups(t=-5.38, p=.00). It indicates that sensory stimulation was effective in improving mother-infant interaction. In the aspects of the quality of mother-infant interaction, sensory stimulation was most effective in improving sensitivity to mother and infant's synchronic behaviors(t=-5.43. p=.00) and followed by growth fostering(t=-5.07, p=.00), sensitivity to infant's cues(t=-4.53, p=.00), clarity of infant's cues(t=-3.03, p=.00) and responsiveness to the mother's behaviors(t=-2.14, p= 0.04). Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, it is suggested that maternally administered sensory stimulation should be applied clinical practice to improve interaction of premature infants and their mothers.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.405-410
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• 1992

경단의 기준 조리법 설정을 위해 조리과정에서 품질특성에 영향을 미친다고 생각되는 주요 요인간의 상호작용으로 침수시간과 물의 온도, 침수기간과 물의 양, 첨가하는 물의 양과 물의 온도, 첨가하는 물의 양과 반죽횟수, 첨가하는 물의 양과 소금의 양으로 나타났다. 그중 침수시간과 물의 온도 및 물의 양과의 상호작용은 제I보에서 검토하였고 첨가하는 물의 양과 반죽횟수와의 상호작용은 제II보에서 검토하였다. 다음은 첨가하는 물의 양과 물의 온도와의 상호작용이 경단의 기호성과 Texture에 어떤 영 향을 미치는가를 관능검사와 기계적 측정에 의하여 검토하였는데 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 경단 반죽시 첨가하는 물의 양과 물의 온도와의 상호작용에 대한 관능검사 결과에서는 첨가하는 물의 양이 25%일때는 첨가하는 물이 냉수, 온수인 것과 상관없이 Grain, Softness, Moistness, Overall quality 에서 다른 시료보다 좋게 평가되었다. 2. 경단을 반죽할때 첨가하는 물의 양과 물의 온도를 달리한 시료들의 기계적인 측정치를 분산분석한 결과 첨가하는 물의 양은 Adhesiveness, 물의 온도는 Hardness, Cohesiveness, Springiness, chewiness, 물의 양과 물의 온도와의 상호작용에서는 Springiness를 제외한 모든 항목에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 3. 관능검사결과 좋게 평가된 시료들의 기계측정결과는 대체로 Hardness, Gumminess가 작고 Springiness, Adhesiveness, Cohesiveness, Chewiness가 큰 수치를 나타냈다. 본 결과와 제I, 제II보에서의 결과를 요약하여 보면 12시간 침수한 찹쌀에 25%의 온수(8$0^{\circ}C$)를 첨가시켜 50회이상 반죽한 경단을 만드는 것이 바람직한 것을 알수 있다. 본 연구에서 검토한 요인 이외의 요인인 첨가하는 물의 양과 소금의 양과의 상호작용에 대해 연구가 더 있어야 할 것이다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate effects of a mother-fetus interaction promotion program on maternal and infant sleep/activity regulation, and examine the correlation between maternal and infant sleep/activity. Methods: Thirty-four mother-infant dyads were recruited from an OB-GY clinic with postpartum care center, and assigned to the intervention group (17) or control group (17). Data were collected from January 18 to August 5 2005. A programmed education focused on mother-fetus interaction was provided to the intervention group in the 3rd trimester. Maternal sleep/activity record was completed at 32-36 weeks gestation and infant sleep/activity record was completed for one month after birth. Results: During the 3rd trimester, there were no significant differences in maternal sleep/activity between the groups, except for frequency of mothers' night awakening and urination at night. There were no significant differences in infant sleep, but significant difference was found in feeding times between the groups. Correlation of maternal sleep in the 3rd trimester and infant waking times was significant. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that maternal sleep/activity during pregnancy influences infant sleep/activity at 3-4 weeks, and that nursing interventions to regulate maternal sleep/activity provided to primiparas can be beneficial to the regularity of infant sleep/activity patterns.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.243-255
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• 2008

This study analyzed relations among maternal parenting behavior, infant development and parenting stress focusing on the moderating effect of parenting stress. Subjects were 30 infants and their mothers. After videotaping the mother-infant free play session, maternal parenting was analyzed by the Parent Child Interaction Play Assessment(Mash & Terdal, 1981); mothers' parenting stress was measured by questionnaire. Infant development was measured individually by the Korean Bayley Scale of Infant Development (K-BSID-II). Correlation analyses revealed that infant cognitive development correlated significantly with maternal parenting behavior (attention) but the relation between them was moderated by maternal parenting stress; only the low parenting stress group showed a positive relationship between maternal parenting behavior and infant development.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1069-1082
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine how integrative art therapy affected the interaction of children with developmental disorder with their mothers from the viewpoint of object-relation theory that accentuated mother role for the promotion of mother-child interaction, and based on earlier studies on mother-child interaction and the interaction of children with developmental disorder with their mothers. The subjects in this study are five selected children and their mothers who used B and G social welfare agencies in Gyeonggi province. They are at the age of five and six in Western age, and have difficulties interacting with their parents. When a social maturity test is conducted, their social age ranged from 2.1 to 3.9, and as Portage Test is implemented, their developmental levels of sociability, cognition and language were identical to those of younger children who were at the age of one to 3.5. The major findings of the study are as follows. First, the children who suffered from developmental disorder and participated in this study showed a positive change in their interaction with their mothers. Second, as for connections between each session and mother-child interaction, most of them came to interact with their mothers better as the program came to an end.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.820-828
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of sensory stimulation program administered by primipara on the physical growth and mother-infant feeding interaction for the first 6 months of infancy. Method: Data were collected from December 1, 2001 to June 30, 2003. A total of 35 mothers and their infants were assigned to a control(n=17) and an experimental(n=18) group. Mothers in the experimental group received education related to sensory stimulation program and administered to their infants twice a day for 6 months. Both groups were measured the weight, length, head circumference and chest circumference of infants at 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks, 18 weeks, and 22 weeks and the mother-infant feeding interaction at 6 weeks, 10 weeks through the home visiting. Result: Compared to the control group, the experimental group had significantly larger increases in head circumference for intervention period. In addition to, the experimental group showed significantly higher score in mother-infant interaction than control group. Conclusion: These data suggested that sensory stimulation program administered by primipara may improve the physical growth of full term infant and mother-infant feeding interaction.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.715-728
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• 2012

This research aims at examining the relationships between mother-toddler interaction and its related variables. A total of 49 toddlers and their mothers were participated and observed in the child lab during free play. The main results of this study are as follows. First, among the mother-toddler interaction, 'involvement' was frequently used in comparison with the 'rejection' was the hardly used in their interaction. Second, the mothers' sensitivity, parenting stress, and the mother-toddler interaction had no significant difference by the mothers' job status or gender of toddlers. However, their parenting stress was lower in working mothers or mothers who have girls. Third, mother-toddler interaction was significantly correlated with the mothers' sensitivity, parenting stress, parenting style, and the temperament of toddlers. On the basis of this results, the implication related to the variables influencing mother-toddler interaction was discussed.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.173-187
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• 2005

This study examined relations between infants' strategies for emotional regulation and maternal responsiveness. Fifty 24-month-olds were observed for six kinds of emotional regulation strategy during four negative emotion-eliciting tasks; their mothers were observed for five styles of maternal responsiveness during toy-centered free play. Infants used different strategies according to the kinds of negative emotioneliciting tasks; their strategies correlated with maternal responsive styles. In the anger-eliciting tasks, infants used "distraction" and "self soothing." In the fear-eliciting tasks, they used "avoidance" and "problem solving." Infants who received more negative feedback from their mothers used the "irritation" strategy. Infants who got received more positive feedback from their mother used the "getting reference" strategy.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.103-124
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• 2005

본 연구는 영아특성 및 보육환경(보육시설과 교사)변인이 영아의 놀이실 행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 직접 관찰을 통해 조사 분석하였다. 울산광역시에 위치한 8개 보육시설(국 공립 보육시설: 4개, 민간 보육시설: 4개)에서 27-35개월 된 영아(toddlers) 40명을 자유놀이 시간에 교실에서 관찰하였다. 각 영아는 20초 관찰, 10초 기록의 시간표집방법에 의해 총 42회 관찰하였으며, 영아의 사회적 행동은 또래와의 상호작용과 교사와의 상호작용으로 나뉘어졌다. 수집된 자료를 분석하기 위해 SPSSWIN 통계프로그램을 이용하여 Person의 적률상관계수, t-검증, 일원분산분석과 Duncan 검정, 단계적 회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 그 결과 영아특성(toddlers' characteristics), 보육시설의 모든 변인과 교사변인 중 전체경력, 영아반경력, 결혼여부, 소지자격유형에서만 영아의 놀이실 행동(toddlers' behavior in a child care center)에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 영아특성 및 보육환경(child care environment)(보육시설과 교사)변인 중 영아의 놀이실 행동에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변인은 영아특성, 보육시설변인, 보육교사변인 순으로 나타났다.

• 지식정보인프라
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• 통권10호
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• pp.26-49
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• 2002

생물다양성은 육상 생태계, 해양과 기타 수생 생태계와 이들의 복합 생태계를 포함하는 모든 원천에서 발생한 생물체의 다양성을 말하며, 종내.종간 및 생태계의 다양성을 포함한다. 즉, 생물다양성이란 생물종(Species)의 다양성, 생물이 서식하는 생태계(Ecosystem)의 다양성, 생물이 지닌 유전자(Gene)의 다양성을 총체적으로 지칭하는 말이다. 종다양성(Species diversity)은 한 지역내의 종의 다양성 정도를 말하는 것으로서 분류학적 다양성을 지칭하며, 생태계 다양성(Ecosystem diversity)은 한 생태계에 속하는 모든 생물과 무생물의 상호작용에 관한 다양성을 말한다. 또한 유전적 다양성(Genetic diversity)은 종내의 유전자 변이를 말하는 것으로 같은 종내의 여러 집단들을 의미하거나 한 집단내 개체들 사이의 유전적 변이를 의미한다.