• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.46-50
• /
• 1999

Methanol extracts of 9 kinds of native medicinal plants(Taraxacum platycarpum, leaf; Pinus densiflora, leaf; Artemisia prinseps, leaf; Allium tuberosum, leaf; Cassia obtussifolia, whole; Sophora angestifolia, root; Stemonae sessilifolia, root; Lonicera japonica stem, leaf, flower; and Clivia miniata) were investigated for insecticidal effect. Methanol extracts of Pinus densiflora leaves and Sophora angestifolia radix showed relatively good insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens larvae. Strong larvicidal activity against the Musca domestica larvae was produced from methanol extracts of Taraxacum platycarpum leaves and Allium tuberosom leaves. while Stemonae radix showed moderate activity. All materials tested revealed little or weak insecticidal activity against M. domestica adults.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.303-307
• /
• 1991

The hemolyic polypeptide in delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thun'ngiensis subsp. darmstadiensis 73ElO-2 was purified by Sephadex G-IOO gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography. The purity of hemolysin was confirmed by ouchterlony test and SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the purified hemolysin was approximately 64 KDa by SDS-PAGE. The purified hemolysin has not mosquitocidal activity against larvae of Aedes agypti, but hemolytic activity on red blood cells of rat. There is no serological relationship between delta-endotoxin from B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and the purified hemolysin from the . strain 73ElO-2.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.694-700
• /
• 2018

To investigate the effect of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn) on mosquito Culex pipiens, 50% lethal concentration ($LC_{50}$) concentration, total lipid content, lipid content composition, and total protein content were measured. The results showed that the Hg $LC_{50}$ was $0.45mg\;kg^{-1}$ and the Hg toxicity was higher than the other metals. The results also showed that cadmium (Cd) significantly retarded the growth of mosquito larvae among the tested heavy metals. Six types of lipid bands were isolated from mosquito samples exposed to heavy metals, and five of them were identified (phospholipid, cholesterol, fatty acid, triglyceride, and cholesterol ester). The total lipid content of all treatments decreased compared to the control. In addition, the protein content of the control group ($0.51mg\;ind.^{-1}$) was higher than that of the treated group, and the protein content of the larvae treated with Hg and Cd was very low. In conclusion, heavy metals not only lower the survival rate of mosquitoes, but also affect the protein content and lipids in the mosquito's body, thereby causing growth inhibition. These results indicate that heavy metal contamination will affect the size of mosquito population by inhibiting the survival and growth of mosquitoes, and it is expected that it can be used to measure the degree of contamination using mosquito through subsequent studies.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.64-68
• /
• 2010

The mosquito, Aedes albopictus is important vector of humen phatogen such as dengue fever. And Aedes albopictus has widly distribution in oriental regions. This study was conducted to investigate the biological effects of cooper on the development of the Asian tiger mosquitoes, Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Aedes albopictus was affected with pupation ratios, mortalities, and wing lengths of the 3th and 4th instars by exposure to different concentration $CuCl_2$ (0.0, 2.5, 25.0 and 50.0 ppm) for 24 h and 48 h depending on dose and exposure period. The lowest $LC_{50}$ (median lethal concentration) value of $CuCl_2$ was 18.1 ppm at the 3rd instars for 48 h exposure. The pupation ratio of the larvae exposed at 50.0 ppm for 48 h was 14% which was much lower than those exposed to other treatment groups Changes of adult wing length showed significant decreased by Cu treatment. In conclusion, the most prominent effects of high concentration and longer exposure period were to reduce in the survival and pupation rates of larvae and wing length of Ae. albopictus.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.92-95
• /
• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.168-168
• /
• 2003

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.102-108
• /
• 1984

This paper is the result of adult female mosquito and larval collection in U.S. Army Installations in Korea from 1979 to 1983. New Jersey light traps were operated for adult collection from May to October. The primary concern of this surveillance is to determine when to recommend insecticide spraying for mosquito control in the Army areas. The 5th Preventive Medicine Unit have developed an "index" level of female mosquitoes in a light trap similar to other U.S. Army Agencies in other parts of the world. When 10 female mosquitoes are reached on two consecutive trap-night, or 5 known vector females are collected, fogging is recommended in the trap areas. 1. Mosquito collections were conducted in 12 U.S. Army areas by operating 39 New Jersey light traps. Mosquitoes collected from the areas were identified to be 17 species comprising 3 genera. Anopheles sinensis (40%), Culex tritaeniorhynchus (31%), Aedes vexans nipponii (19 %) and Culex pipiens pallens (10%) appeared to be the most common species in the areas. 2. The species, population density and monthly appearance of adult mosquitoes were found to be almost the same in the all provinces involved. And Japanese Encephalitis vector mosquitoes, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, showed their seasonal fluctuation from July to September with a peak in August each year. 3. Larval habitats confirmed in the Army areas were categorized into 16 types as shown in Table 3. The mosquito larvae collected in those habitats were identified to be 15 species representing 4 genera. Most breeding sites in the Army areas were those which are activated during the wet season. 4. More mosquitoes were collected from the Kyungki Province than from the other Provinces. The reason for more collection of mosquitoes from military installations in the Kyungki Province appears to be the geographic characteristics surrounded by rice fields, marshes and other stagnant water areas.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.43-49
• /
• 2006

Larvicidal activity of 34 plant essential oils were tested against the 4th instar larvae of Culex pipiens pallens. Among them, six oils (basil, fennel, caraway seed, lime, thyme red, and thyme white) showed more than 80% mortality at 100 mg $litre^{-1}$ concentration. GC and GC-MS analyses of the six essential oils and bioassay of their components revealed that anethole (a major component of fennel and basil oil) and (+)-limonene (a major component of caraway seed and lime oil) showed higher larvicidal activities than others. In addition to the above two components, ${\alpha}$-phellandrene, p-cymene, $\gamma$-terpinene, ${\beta}$-pinene, and thymol showed higher larvicidal activity than Bt product.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 1993

Eight strains of Bacillus thuringiensis were isolated from soil in Korea and characterized. The isolates were named HL-24, HL-25, HL-33, HL-34, HL-35, HL-38, HL-39, HL-40. Strains HL-24 and HL-25 produced irregular parasporal crystals, HL-33 and HL-35 produced bipyramidal crystals, and others were round form in their cells. The biochemical characteristics of the eight isolates were only minor different in specific characteristics to the known serotypes of Bacillus thuringiensis. The HL-25, HL-33 and HL-34 strains showed resistances to cephalothin, colistin and penicillin G, and HL-39 and HL-40 strains were resistant to penicilin G. The strains of HL-24, HL-25, HL-33 and HL-34 were toxic to Bombyx mori lavae and HL-24, HL-25, HL-38, HL-39 and HL-40 strains killed Culex pipiens 3rd instar larvae. The HL-24 and H25 strains showed lethal activity against two kinds of the larvae, however lethality against mosquito larvae was low.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.541-546
• /
• 1990

Bacillus sphaericus ts-Dl290 was characterized by SDS-PAGE produced by the mutant at $30^{\circ}C$ and $42^{\circ}C$. The total amount of proteins produced by the mutant at $42^{\circ}C$ decreased to one-fifth of those at $30^{\circ}C$; however, when the culture was shifted down from $42^{\circ}C$ after 4 to $30^{\circ}C$, the total amount of protein decreased to one-third and the 221 kd protein did not appear, but the 155 kd appeared remarkably. When the mutant and the wild type strain were cultured in the media containing 80$\mu g$ per ml of chloramphenicol at $42^{\circ}C$, the wild type strain synthesized half amounts of the total proteins than those at $30^{\circ}C$, and the mutant produced one-tenth of the total protein amounts. When the both strains were cultured in the media containing chloramphenicol, the 155 kd protein was produced was produced in lesser amounts than those without chloramphenicol. The 150 kd protein showed lethal activity to Culex pipiens 3rd instar larvae.