• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.03a
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• pp.89-89
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• 2011

Cellulose섬유의 염색시 섬유가 물속에 침지되면 섬유표면은 음전하가 형성되어, 용액 속에서 음이온으로 존재하는 염료와의 반발력으로 인해 염료가 섬유에 접근하기가 어려워지며 따라서 염색이 원활하게 이루어지지 않는다. 그러나 염욕에 염화나트륨(sodium chloride, NaCl)이나 망초 즉, 황산나트륨(Glauber's salt, sodium sulfate, Na2SO4)과 같은 전해질을 첨가하면, 양이온인 sodium 이온이 섬유표면과 음이온 염료사이의 반발력을 감소시킨다. 따라서 음이온의 염료는 섬유표면에 접근할 수 있고, 고유한 인력으로 염색이 가능하게 된다. 현재 Cellulose섬유의 상업적인 반응성염료 염색공정뿐만 아니라 최근 연구에서는 전해질 중 대부분 분말망초를 대부분 사용하고 있다. 그러나 분말망초는 별도의 용해과정이 필요할 뿐 아니라, 과량 사용시 용해되지 않은 분말이 섬유 표면에 흡착될 경우 불균염을 초래할 우려 등의 단점이 있다. 이와 같이 작업효율성을 향상시키고 염색을 효율적으로 진행시키기 위해 최근 액상형의 망초가 도입되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 분말 및 액상 망초를 조제로 사용하여 3종류의 Cellulose섬유를 반응성염료로 염색하였다. 담색, 중색, 농색 3가지 염료 농도에 대해 투입하는 망초의 type에 따라 각각의 Cellulose섬유별 균염성 정도에 대하여 비교해 보았다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2000

The resistance of Cornyza bonariensis to herbicide paraquat was investigated by evaluating the activities of three enzymes concerning in scavenging paraquat-generated toxic oxygen species such as superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide in resistant and susceptible biotypes. Conyza bonariensis inhabited in cultivated area was more tolerant to paraquat than that of uncultivated area. This is the first report that a biotype of Cornyza bonariensis has appeared in an area with repeated paraquat treatments of Korea. Superoxide dismutase activity of resistant biotype was 20% higher as 150 than that of susceptible biotype. Ascorbate peroxidase activity of resistant biotype was 44% higher than that of susceptible biotype. Glutathione reductase activity of resistant biotype was 64% higher than that of susceptible biotype. It can be concluded from above results that the resistance of Conyza bonariensis to paraquat depends partially on the toxic oxygen species-scavenging efficiency of protective multienzymatic system which is composed of three enzymes, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.100-108
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• 2022

Background: It has been reported that various substances exist in wild Conyza canadensis, but I think that the overall compositional analysis is still insufficient. Purposes: This study was to set extraction conditions and search for various nutritional components in the wild C. canadensis. Methods: Various extracts were extracted and analyzed using different analytical instruments to suggest and study the conditions for component analysis. Results: As for the general nutritional components of C. canadensis leaf extract, carbohydrates were 46.4%, crude protein 26.5%, moisture 16.3%, raw meal 9.5%, and natural fat 1.2%. The dietary fiber content was 30.76%. Free fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose were separated, and the amount of fructose was as high as 4,144.2 mg/100 g. In addition, we found 64.87 mg/g of K, 4.09 mg/g of P, 1.77 mg/g of Mg, and 0.16 mg/g of disodium in the extracts. A total of 20 fatty acids have appeared. In addition, unsaturated fatty acids (octadecenoic acid, octadecadienoic acid, and linolenic acid) were detected. Linolenic acid was high at 54.1%. The saturated fatty acid content was 0.39 g/100 g, and the trans fatty acid content was 0.01 g/100 g. No cholesterol was found in the plant. Riboflavin was at 0.4 mg/100 g, with six essential amino acids and 24 amino acids. Conclusions: As a result of the primary research on the plant, various nutritional and functional ingredients exist in the extract, and natural healing uses are available.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2022

Background: Studies on the existence and activation of antioxidants in the wild Erigeron canadensis are still incomplete. Purposes: The activity of antioxidant substances was studied by extracting E. canadensis with ethyl alcohol. Methods: After washing the wild turfgrass, extraction with ethyl alcohol was used to investigate the activity of antioxidant substances using various analytical instruments. Results: The highest yield ratio of the extract was 49.3%, and it varied according to temperature and ethyl alcohol ratio. The 50:50 of water to ethyl alcohol at 180℃ was the highest yield. 100% survival rate was in the untreated group and 98-100% in the experimental group at 50 ppm or more of the extract. There was no cytotoxicity at almost all concentrations. The extract of 25 ppm was suppressed by 42% in the test group. The extract of 50 ppm reduced the free fatty acid content by 15%. Cell viability was 20% at the extract concentration of 50 ppm and 24% at 100 ppm. At an extract of 500 ppm, the free oxygen scavenging ability using DPPH and ABTs was 90-98%. When the changes in the free radical scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTs were observed in three dimensions, the antioxidant activity tended to increase at 85℃ as the temperature increased. However, at 85~130℃, it showed a rather decreasing tendency as the temperature increased. Conclusions: There were antioxidants in the ethyl alcohol extract of the wild grass, there was almost no cytotoxicity and suppressed NO production, and the scavenging function of free oxygen was also high. These results provide primary data for the various natural healing uses of the extracts of the turfgrass.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2023

Background: As a result of analyzing the components of wild Conyza canadensis, it contains physiologically active ingredients, so it is necessary to identify the compound. Purposes: It was to study the compound's molecular structure; a previous study showed that C. canadensis contains antioxidant substances. Methods: The ultrasonic pulverized lysate of C. canadensis stem and leaves was first extracted with 90% methanol and then five organic solvents. Next, the extracts was fractionated by HPLC, LC/MS chromatography, and NMR analyzers identified the molecular structure. Results: 100 g of dry C. canadensis was sonicated in 90% methanol and concentrated under reduced pressure to 11.96 g of a crude extract. Then, this crude was extracted with five types of solvents to obtain 123.8 mg of n-hexane, 448.2 mg of dichloromethane, 1047.7 mg of ethyl acetate (EA), 2563.8 mg of butanol, and 7.04 g of water. The EA extracts were fractionated by LC-MS and then re-fractionated to obtain F1 to F20. Next, the F15 was further fractionated to obtain nine fine fractions. Finally, the F17 fraction was re-fractionated to obtain ten fine fractions. As a result of LC-MS and NMR spectrometer analysis of the F15-7, the structure of this compound was confirmed as 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. As a result of examining the structures of the F17-4 and F17-5 fractions, Quercetin-3-o-β-galactose was identified. In addition, the form of the F17-10 was confirmed to be 1,3,4-tri-caffeoylquinic acid. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that C. canadensis contained phenolic antioxidants, and its utilization may be expected.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.88-96
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• 2005

Paraquat-resistant biotype of Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. was determined by chlorophyll loss and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and the resistant mechanism was investigated with respect to absorption, translocation, and binding constant. RAPD analysis for paraquat resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes found in a pear orchard revealed that the biotypes possessed remote genetic relationship. Chlorophyll loss, as an indication of paraquat toxicity, of S biotype was 7.8-fold greater than that of R biotype. There were no differences in contents of epicuticular wax and cuticle and amounts of [14C]paraquat penetrating the cuticle between the two biotypes. Little translocation of the herbicide out of the treated leaf was observed in either biotype. Binding constants of paraquat to the cell wall and thylakoid membrane were 7.4-fold and 16.9-fold, respectively, higher in R biotype than in S biotype. The results suggest that the resistance mechanism of C. canadensis biotype is due partly to high binding affinity of paraquat to the cell wall and thylakoid membrane.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2008

The composition of essential oil from the aerial part of Erigeron canadensis L. was analyzed by GC-MS. Thirty-one constituents were identified from the essential oil: eighteen hydrocarbons (91.99% of the total oil), two acetates (2.92%), three alcohols (3.59%), four ethers (0.49%), one aldehyde (0.05%), and three ketone (0.23%). Major constituents of the essential oil were D,L-limonene (68.25% of the total oil) and delta-3-carene (15.9%). The $IC_{50}$ value of the essential oil was 0.027 ${\mu}g$ $mg^{-1}$ in MTT assay using HaCaT keratinocyte cell line.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.985-988
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate antioxidative activities of ethanol extracts from Erigeron canadensis L. The ethanol extracts were measured to examine total flavonoids and polyphenol content, DPPH radical activity and SOD-like activity. Total flavonoids content in leaf extract (42.19 mg/g) and total polyphenol content in flower extract (74.26 mg/g) were higher than those of other parts. All assays were conducted at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL ethanol extracts. The DPPH radical activity of leaf, flower, the whole plant, and root extracts were 91.75%, 86.95%, 83.95% and 83.43%, respectively, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. The activities were concentration dependent. The SOD-like activity of ethanol extracts from different parts was 7.91~13.54% at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. These results suggest that ethanol extracts from different parts of Erigeron canadensis L. could be used as antioxidative functional food sources.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 1997

The survey of weed population in apple orchard was conducted to investigate basic information on weed flora and its ecology at 27 locations in 1996. The weed species observed include 7 species of grasses, 60 species of broadleaves and 2 species of sedges, and the ratio of annual weed vs perennial weed was 64 : 36. Major dominant weed species by frequence were Chenopodium album, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Digitaria sanguinalis, Rorippa islandica, Alopecurus aequalis and Erigeron canadensis. While, on the basis of dry weight, the most dominant weeds were C. album followed by E. canadensis, A. aequalis, R islandica and R indica. The dominant weed species in middle-north Kyeongbuk region were C. bursa-pastoris, C. album, R indica and R islandica, were E. canadensis, Persicaria hydropiper, A. aequalis and Arenaria serpylliforia in Chungbuk region and were A. aequalis, E. canadenris and R islandica in Honam region.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.10-10
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• 2004