• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.78-85
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• 2014

Europeans experienced the horror and cruelty of war through the first and second World Wars. They began to raise fundamental questions and doubt about the preexisting World Order of God and humans leading to the birth of Existentialism. The Theater of the Absurd is one of the genres in theater resulting from the existentialist theories. The Theater of the Absurd has a format opposed to the traditional Realist Theater and emphasize the absurdity of human and society's existence. In particular, Fernando Arrabal who is a French Absurdist playwright, expressed the absurd human conditions using his unique forms and contents and his work 'Fando et Lis' depicts the absurdity of the adult world through the eyes of a child. Many unrealistic elements typical and inherent in the Absurdist plays are present in his work. Especially, the actors were required to apply not only the realistic acting approach but also to study and analyze characteristics of all Absurdist plays and internalize them based on the creative foundation of recreation. Then, they were asked to examine the characters' personality, emotions, and actions and think hard about creating an unrealistic action of voice and movements. This creative process by actors is a must in developing the reliable and trustworthy Absurdist acting.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 1993

Yukwa, one of the favorite Korean traditional snacks, is a oil puffed rice cooky used for sacrifies, ceremony or celebration of an event. It had been prepared by most of house-wives for a long time fellowing old reference and still be made by some skilled persons in country side these days. The preparation methods of the Yukwa differ a little each other region by region. This survey was conducted to excarvate any hidden traditional methods and collect different cases as many as possible through pre-made questionaire. 151 questionaires were collected at 7 provinces and evaluted by similar items.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.4C
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• pp.341-350
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• 2006

The sand table training is one of the most effective training method in military operations which can accomplish missions such as simulation and rehearsal without limitations related to time, space, money and so on. Previous sand table training has many problems like that the sand table cannot represent real field condition because of its physical properties. So, it is hard to be preserved and impossible to include much of information into them. In this paper, we make an approach based on Augmented Reality(AR) to solve these problems and propose an efficient military training briefing tool with virtual sand table environment described as actual battle field Virtual Tactical Map(VTM) can realize a virtual military training with simple action like moving marker or tangible interface by hand. Real-time state information of VTM gives us more organic intelligence for entire situation. Tangible AR interface provides users with a contents authoring tool that is natural, intuitive and easy to deal with as interaction between user in real world and system that augmented real world with virtual object. VTM is a newly designed military training briefing tools. A military training content can be reproduced and it is possible that user uses this content later. Thus, it shows us potential possibilities of AR applications on military leaning field.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.73-84
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• 2014

Recently, researches on the application of IT technology to various fields including traditional industries are becoming more popular. One challenge in the field of education is to understand the way how technology may support learning, and research on self-directed learning has been accelerated by integrating education and IT technology. The process of self-directed learning in e-learning applications such as Car Maintenance Training is very difficult and complicated. Previous studies on car maintenance training applications provided simple training scenarios with predetermined action sequences. To incorporate self-directed learning in car maintenance training, however, trainees must be able to perform various maintenance operations himself and experience various situations. To provide such functionality, it is necessary to obtain an accurate response for various operations of trainees, but it requires complicated calculations with respect to varieties in the electrical and mechanical processes of a car. In this paper, we develop a logic simulation agent using JESS inference engine in which self-directed learning is achieved by capturing the behavior of trainees and simulating car operations without complicated physical simulations in car maintenance training.

• The Critical Review of Religion and Culture
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• no.29
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• pp.101-133
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• 2016

The term 'myth' is modern terminology. It was introduced to the East Asia from late 19th century to early 20th century. Under the rule of Japanese imperialism, some Japanese historians insisted that Dangun(檀君) has no relation with Kochoson(古朝鮮). Some Korean historians have refuted their conjecture. The arguments between Japanese and Korean historians bring about the motives of making the concept of Shinwa(神話) The purpose of this study is to investigate the historical procedures of making myth of Homogeneous Korean as a case study of "teaching religion". For the scholar the historic beginning is to be distinguished from later myths of origins. The scholars, particularly among the historians of China, Japan and Korea take it as the beginning of the history to investigate myths, for the ending parts of narratives are in themselves involved in a social constructs in order to give legitimacy to the story. It is apparent to satisfy for the current social demands of the nation-states building. It is also an act of casting and projecting their national values into the far distant past which is considered to be authentic and authorative. The western term 'myth' had been made up in Japanese historical context in order to build "nation-state concept". In Korea, the myth of homogeneous ethnicity of Koreans had been also reconstructed as modern myth during the late 19th and the early 20th century. We can call it the invention of the tradition accordingly.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.170-191
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• 2018

Until now, the Korean archeological community has only been able to introduce the findings of classical archaeology developed in the West, and it also suffers from a lack of concepts and academic achievements. The domestic archeological community also started to develop later than that of the West, when it began to analyze ancient history and relics through the classic works of history titled Samguk sagi (三國史記) and Samguk yusa (三國遺事). Furthermore, it is actively utilizing the Chinese classics, such as the Samgukji (三國志) and Huhanseo (後漢書), as well as certain Japanese classics such as Ilbonsegi (日本書紀). Due to the total lack of domestic classics, however, there are few details about the formation of ancient polities, national changes, and inter-country negotiations and exchanges, as well as numerous other unresolved issues. This study raises the need to revamp classical archaeology in order to solve these problems. The concept of classical means 'all records made in the past' in the shallow sense, while the meaning of the historiography means "historical records according to the taxonomy of the old book." Classical archaeology is a field in which the classics are analyzed and interpreted so as to study the culture of the past. This section has set up a wide range of classical categories, and has found that the classics can be used in a meaningful way in classical archaeology through the use of the Gongjagae (孔子家語). The use of the classics in classical archaeology could produce significant results if the relevant DB is managed by various institutions and organizations using proper techniques of analysis including big data analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.65-81
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• 2019

The twenty-four Solar Terms are Chinese traditional astronomical divisions that describe seasonal cycles of the year. Based on the analyses of meteorological data during 1979~2018, study results showed that the temperatures of the Solar Terms had increased in general in the Korean Peninsula. In North Korea, temperature increases were observed on 21 Solar Terms, and their seasonal mean temperatures were increased by $0.87^{\circ}C$, $1.19^{\circ}C$, $1.45^{\circ}C$, and $0.64^{\circ}C$ on average in spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively. The duration of summer has lengthened due to the temperature rise in fall, and the magnitude of temperature change was greater in summer compared to winter. As for South Korea, increases in temperature were observed on 18 Solar Terms, and the temperature changes were more pronounced in fall and winter than spring and summer. The Great Snow temperature decreased more than any other Solar Terms during the study period, and this temperature change was observed both in North and South Koreas. The Great Cold, which represents the coldest day of the year, showed a significant temperature increase of $3.08^{\circ}C$, while the Slight Heat had a marginal temperature increase of $0.29^{\circ}C$. The hottest day and the first day of frost tended to come later than the Great Heat and the Frost's Decent. By contrast, the coldest day tended to occur later than the Great Cold in the study area. On average over the entire study period, the climatic fitness of the Great Heat and the Frost's Decent was higher in North Korea, and that of the Great Cold was higher in South Korea, respectively.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.125-144
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• 2023

Recently, the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has been increasing in various fields such as interactive commerce and mobile financial services. However, LMMs, which are mainly created by learning existing documents, can also learn various human biases inherent in documents. Nevertheless, there have been few comparative studies on the aspects of bias and discrimination in LLMs. The purpose of this study is to examine the existence and extent of nine types of discrimination (Age, Disability status, Gender identity, Nationality, Physical appearance, Race ethnicity, Religion, Socio-economic status, Sexual orientation) in LLMs and suggest ways to improve them. For this purpose, we utilized BBQ (Bias Benchmark for QA), a tool for identifying discrimination, to compare three large-scale language models including ChatGPT, GPT-3, and Bing Chat. As a result of the evaluation, a large number of discriminatory responses were observed in the mega-language models, and the patterns differed depending on the mega-language model. In particular, problems were exposed in elder discrimination and disability discrimination, which are not traditional AI ethics issues such as sexism, racism, and economic inequality, and a new perspective on AI ethics was found. Based on the results of the comparison, this paper describes how to improve and develop large-scale language models in the future.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.48
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• pp.1-40
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• 2024

Time can be the fundamental basis of religious doctrine and the foundation for a life of faith. Therefore, understanding a religion's interpretation of time and exploring its perception is accepted as one of the approaches to comprehending its principles. Based on this idea, this article delves into how chronos (measured time) and kairos (experienced time) are manifested in Daesoon Jinrihoe. In Daesoon Jinrihoe, the moment when chronos and kairos intersect is considered a moment of spiritual experience. Ethical codes are accomplished in the midst of the process of defining this time as the Heavenly Dao and adjusting human affairs accordingly. These ethics lead individuals towards a religious life. East Asian traditions also apply this logic, but Daesoon Jinrihoe differs in that it emphasizes reinterpreted ethics. Furthermore, Daesoon Jinrihoe posits that Degree Numbers (度數) are a device that ensures the transition from chronos to kairos. Degree Numbers, which are both a law of the universe's motion and a function of time, were emphasized by the Kang Jeungsan when he advocated for the discarding of old ways and the creation of the new ways. He thereby urged humans to live in accordance with time. Time is also facilitated in the dimension of ritual observances and participation, with examples including prayers, devotional offerings, and holy works (gongbu, 工夫). Those rituals of Daesoon Jinrihoe actively incorporate a unique basis of reason for this style of engagement with time, which is one of the aspects that is held to secure justification.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2014

This is the study to conduct the topographical analysis using the orthophotographic data from the waypoint flight using the UAV and constructed the system required for the automatic waypoint flight using the multicopter.. The results of the waypoint photographing are as follows. First, result of the waypoint flight over the area of 9.3ha, take time photogrammetry took 40 minutes in total. The multicopter have maintained the certain flight altitude and a constant speed that the accurate photographing was conducted over the waypoint determined by the ground station. Then, the effect of the photogrammetry was checked. Second, attached a digital camera to the multicopter which is lightweight and low in cost compared to the general photogrammetric unmanned airplane and then used it to check its mobility and economy. In addition, the matching of the photo data, and production of DEM and DXF files made it possible to analyze the topography. Third, produced the high resolution orthophoto(2cm) for the inside of the river and found out that the analysis is possible for the changes in vegetation and topography around the river. Fourth, It would be used for the more in-depth research on landscape analysis such as terrain analysis and visibility analysis. This method may be widely used to analyze the various terrains in cities and rivers. It can also be used for the landscape control such as cultural remains and tourist sites as well as the control of the cultural and historical resources such as the visibility analysis for the construction of DSM.