• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.137-165
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• 2016

Community enterprise is a type of business that simultaneously pursues public interest and profitability to vitalize the local society and economy and also an alternative endeavor to restore community by local residents using local resources. In rapid changes of business environment and social dynamics of these days, one of the alternatives to provide solutions for problems in persons and organizations is workplace spirituality. Workplace spirituality is not only beneficial to satisfaction, commitment, devotion, and organizational citizenship behavior, but also positively influential to outcome of an organization. Expanding the scope and subjects found in most previous studies on workplace spirituality of general companies, this study tries to contribute to development of community enterprises through empirical analysis of the effect of community enterprise. In result, workplace spirituality showed positively significant influence on job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior equally in both of community enterprises and general companies. Job satisfaction presented positively significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. And job satisfaction mediated the relationship between workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, workplace spirituality of community enterprises showed difference from general companies showed greater coefficient and influence. Although workplace spirituality is important for general companies that pursue profit, it is shown that greater significance was found in community enterprises. Workplace spirituality, which is equivalent to A sense of calling, sense of inner life, sense of empathy, sense of community, and sense of transcendence through community enterprise, needs to be promoted and settled in community enterprises.

• The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction (JLCCI)
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.35-74
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• 2019

The relationship of the local unit village organizations and the commons has a very complicated character. In the rural areas of Korea, there are still many village organizations that were made during the period of Japanese colonial rule (1910-1945) and the era of the Park Chung-hee's military government rule (the early 1960s). First of all, there is a development committee which were made at the time of Park's military administration. The committee has several subordinate organizations, such as senior citizens association, youth association, women's association which are involved in the decision making structure of the community. Those organizations are related indirectly with commons, so they exercise their influence over the management and disposal of commons of the community. In each village, there are some organizations to manage commons like union of ranches, forest GYE (*It's like 'association'), fishing village GYE. In many cases, those members were matched up with the committee's and were organized at the colonial period and the period of the military regime. However, organizations linked to commons have been keeping rules and norms of resource management and have been gaining a relative autonomy for a long time before organizing them in the top-down ways. The relationship between local unit village organizations and the commons has been defined by the development paradigm. The development committees, and senior citizens association and youth association have accepted the idea of modernizing rural areas. The modernized time, they have sold the village's land to external capital. But they also took the part of a role to preserve the village's commons through the managing the asset owned by the village at times. So in some villages, the organizations play a leading role to sell a asset of the village, and in another villages, the organizations take a core role not to sell it. The purpose of this report is to explain the complex activities for the using and managing the commons of local unit villages in Jeju island which is called 'Commons Island' due to hold many commons in South Korea. Through this research, we expect to be able to provide more rich discussion on how the village's internal cultural and organizational characteristics work with commons recognition and practice triggered by changes in external conditions.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.241-261
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• 2014

This study aims to vitalize and develop community enterprises through an empirical research on what factors are required to improve the performance and to achieve the sustainable growth of community enterprises. To this end, we surveyed community enterprises located in Busan and verified the fact that social entrepreneurship, organizational justice, organization trust, psychological ownership, network activities, human resource development(education) are required to improve organizations' performance and its sustainability. We intended to find the implications of the study result and draw policy-based support programs to provide supplement points and countermeasures, to set conditions for the vitalization of Community Enterprises, and to create Community Enterprise-friendly environments.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.777-822
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• 2013

This study attempts to elicit the organizational strategy and operational elements of community-based agricultural management bodies as new main farm management. We analyzed the newest discussion trend, cooperated community management, between Republic of Korea and Japan based on theory of organizing regional agriculture, and also researched on the organization management and business management about cooperated management of community. In this study, the main conclusion of the organizational strategy and operational elements of community-based agricultural management bodies are as following. i) The community-based agricultural management bodies is the cooperation managed individual agriculture resources as joint stock for purposing compound goal, an expansion agricultural income, maintenance farm productivity and rural societies. ii) The domain of cooperative management focus on secondary and tertiary industry like food process, farm produce distribution, rural experience more than farm produce production. The study suggest business promotion system of village unit farmers groups, element of organization management as executive decision organization, business management, operating factor for each steps and management element of cooperation farm working. iii) The policy direction for invigoration community-based agricultural management bodies is to make facilitation for each steps instead of standardized support.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.418-435
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• 2008

This research examines classification of rural experience tourism villages and case study of 4 villages in Gyeonggi Province through theoretical studies on residents' participation and roles as the subject of regional development in the perspectives of place assets. The four types classified are as follows: 1) community systemization, 2) individual systemization, 3) community integration, and 4) individual integration. In order to achieve type of community integration, we pay attention to get more interests in intensifying the community systemization and further alternative approaches to rural tourism villages.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze factors affecting villagers' participation in conservation of village woodlands. We postulated that socio-economic characteristics such as gender, age, place of birth, wealth level, frequency of use and leader experience could contribute to decision-making of participation in the village woodland conservation. Data were collected by interviewing 52 villagers in village A and 41 villagers in village B and were used to estimate the probability function of villager's participation in village woodland conservation using ordered logit model. The results indicate that frequent use of village woodlands increases the probability of villagers' participation in conservation of village woodlands in the case of village A. In the case of village B, people who were born in the village and have experiences of serving the village as a village leader are more likely to participate in the village woodland conservation activities. Considering the fact that the village woodland of village A is owned by the community as a village common, and that cultural activities remain in the village woodland of village A, the utility of village woodlands to the residents and their common understanding of village woodlands seem to influence the likelihood of villagers' participation in conservation of village woodlands. In order to induce villagers' participation in the village woodland conservation, it is necessary to recognize the right of villager's access and provide villagers with common understanding of village woodlands through cultural activities and education programs.

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.73
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• pp.104-105
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• 2009

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.11-22
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• 2020

Recently, developed countries have been suffering from a weakening sense of community due to low birthrate, aging population, rapid population movement, rapid urbanization, and industrialization. As a result, participation in local autonomy of residents in advanced countries such as the U.S. and Japan is forming community organizations at the regional level. The purpose of this study is to study the legal system of American and Japanese village enterprises. We would also like to analyze the legal system of village enterprises in the United States and Japan and examine the examples of the legal system of village enterprises in the United States and Japan. Specifically, the first is to consider the concept, background, and type of village enterprise based on prior research. Second, review the institutional characteristics of American and Japanese village enterprises. Third, I would like to analyze the cases of legal systems for village businesses such as Seattle City in the U.S. and Setaga Baseball in Tokyo, Japan. Fourth, suggest implications according to the results of the study. The results of the study suggested the following. First, the village development project should be set up and subdivided into dedicated administrative organizations. This should establish a segmented administrative organization system to support village development by establishing branch offices to support administrative services tailored to each region. Second, the village-building project should secure independent financial resources. In other words, there is an excuse to seek ways to continuously secure independent funds without relying on the administration financially for the village development project. Third, village-building should be carried out in phases. The government should support the activities of residents and promote continuous projects through phased project implementation. Fourth, a foundation must be laid for the universities and specialized high schools in the community to operate programs for regional innovation, such as social innovation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 1999

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.47-56
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• 2009

The following improvement plans are suggested in this study to facilitate implementing a pilot project for building a disaster resistant community organized by the National Emergency Management Agency in 2008, and ultimately to expand the project nation-wide. Regarding legislative aspects, legal grounds should be established such as devising a new clause in the Counter Measure for Natural Disaster for assigning a disaster resistant community or city, and devising a tentatively named "Act for Disaster Resistant Community Project" as a local governance regulation. Regarding administrative aspects, a project master plan focused on active participation of the local residents should be designed. Moreover, a certain amount of the project budget should be alloted not only to structural contents but also to non-structural contents. Regarding organizational aspects, an education program for training local disaster prevention leaders should be actively promoted and a local disaster prevention governance system should also be established among official and inofficial local organizations. Furthermore a preemptive consulting system with disaster prevention experts as well as an evaluation system to monitor the project implementation process should be introduced.