• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.970-976
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• 2007

In this study, Polynomial Network Pattern Classifier(PNC) based on Fuzzy Inference Mechanism is designed and its parameters such as learning rate, momentum coefficient and fuzzification coefficient are optimized by means of Particle Swarm Optimization. The proposed PNC employes a partition function created by Fuzzy C-means(FCM) clustering as an activation function in hidden layer and polynomials weights between hidden layer and output layer. Using polynomials weights can help to improve the characteristic of the linear classification of basic neural networks classifier. In the viewpoint of linguistic analysis, the proposed classifier is expressed as a collection of "If-then" fuzzy rules. Namely, architecture of networks is constructed by three functional modules that are condition part, conclusion part and inference part. The condition part relates to the partition function of input space using FCM clustering. In the conclusion part, a polynomial function caries out the presentation of a partitioned local space. Lastly, the output of networks is gotten by fuzzy inference in the inference part. The proposed PNC generates a nonlinear discernment function in the output space and has the better performance of pattern classification as a classifier, because of the characteristic of polynomial based fuzzy inference of PNC.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.813-818
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• 2020

Recently, with the rapid increase in technology and users of smart devices, the smart watch market has grown, and its utility and usability are continuously expanding. The strengths of smartwatches are wearable portability, application immediacy, data diversity and real-time capability. Despite these strengths, smartwatches have limitations such as battery limitations, display and user interface size limitations, and memory limitations. In addition, there is a need to supplement developers and standard devices, operating system standard models, and killer application modules. In particular, monitoring and application of user's biometric information is becoming a major service for smart watches. The biometric information of such a smart watch generates a large amount of data in real time. In order to advance the biometric information service, stable peer-to-peer transmission of sensing data to a remote smartphone or local server storage must be performed. We propose a synchronization method to ensure wireless remote peer-to-peer transmission stability in a smart watch system. We design a wireless peer-to-peer transmission process based on this synchronization method, analyze asynchronous transmission process and proposed synchronous transmission process, and propose a transmission efficiency method according to an increase in transmission amount.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.483-488
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• 2007

Current feeder system (CFS) for Korea superconducting tokamak advanced research(KSTAR) project plays a role to interconnect magnet power supply (MPS) and superconducting (SC) magnets through the normal bus-bar at the room temperature(300 K) environment and the SC bus-line at the low temperature (4.5 K) environment. It is divided by two systems, i.e., toroidal field system which operates at 35 kA DC currents and poloidal field system wherein 20$\sim$26 kA pulsed currents are applied during 350 s transient time. Aside from the vacuum system of main cryostat, an independent vacuum system was constructed for the CFS in which a roughing system is consisted by a rotary and a mechanical booster pump and a high vacuum system is developed by four cryo-pumps with one dry pump as a backing pump. A self interlock and its control system, and a supervisory interlock and its control system are also established for the operational reliability as well. The entire CFS was completely tested including the reliability of local/supervisory control/interlock, helium gas leakage, vacuum pressure, and so on.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.157-172
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• 2011

The latest active studies on distributed OLAP to adopt a distributed environment are mainly focused on DHT P2P OLAP and Grid OLAP. However, these approaches have its weak points, the P2P OLAP has limitations to multidimensional range queries in the cloud computing environment due to the nature of structured P2P. On the other hand, the Grid OLAP has no regard for adjacency and time series. It focused on its own sub set lookup algorithm. To overcome the above limits, this paper proposes an efficient central managed P2P approach for a cloud computing environment. When a multi-level hybrid P2P method is combined with an index load distribution scheme, the performance of a multi-dimensional range query is enhanced. The proposed scheme makes the OLAP query results of a user to be able to reused by other users' volatile cube search. For this purpose, this paper examines the combination of an aggregation cube hierarchy tree, a quad-tree, and an interval-tree as an efficient index structure. As a result, the proposed cloud P2P OLAP scheme can manage the adjacency and time series factor of an OLAP query. The performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed by a series of experiments to identify its various characteristics.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2017

Recently, the Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) services have become very common, enabling various Internet-based services as well as watching TV. In the IPTV system, a Set-Top box (STB) plays a key role as a network terminal device that transmits and receives realtime multimedia contents. In addition, the IPTV networks are usually supported by broadband optical fiber-base network such as fiber-to-the-home (FTTH), However, a general IPTV STB is regarded as one of the local area network (LAN)-attached devices while sharing the bandwidth of the LAN (e.g., Ethernet). In order to overcome the limited bandwidth utilization by fully facilitating the broadband bandwidth (e.g., 1 Gbps) of the optical fiber-based network, we propose a new FC (Fiber Channel)-embedded IPTV STB which can be directly attached to the optical fiber network. Then, we verify that the impacts of the proposed FC-embedded IPTV STB by organizing the the FC-AL (Fiber Channel-Arbitration Loop) network equipped with the FC-embedded IPTV We measures the average Start-up Delay, Average Reject Ratio and the Number of Concurrent Users through extensive simulations to investigate the performances of the suggested FC-AL-based IPTV network. Surprisingly, the IPTV network architecture with the proposed FC-embedded IPTV STBs has an excellent average start-up delay of less than 10 msec, an acceptable average reject ratio of less than 3 % as well as a linear increase of the number of concurrent users when extending the architecture. This reveals that the proposed FC embedded STB has a superior impacts on the performance of the entire IPTV network by effectively utilizing the broadband bandwidth of the fiber optic-based network.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.3 s.303
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• pp.107-114
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• 2005

Edge enhanced image is needed for processing images for special purpose such as a circuit diagram or a design composed of lines. Error diffusion halftoning, among digital halftoning methods to represent a continuous grayscale image for the binary output device such as printers, facsimiles, LCD televisions and etc. also makes edges of objects blurred. This paper proposes the method to enhance the edge of a binary image for the binary output device as well as a circuit diagram or a design. Based on that the human eyes perceive the local average luminance rather than the pixel's luminance itself, the proposed system uses a local activitymeasure (LAM), which is the difference between a pixel luminance and the average of its $3{\times}3$ neighborhood pixels' luminances weighted according to the spatial positioning. The system also usesinformation of edge enhancement(IEE), which is computed from the LAM multiplied by the average luminance. The IEE is added to the quantizer's input pixel and feeds into the halftoning quantizer. The quantizer produces the halftone image having the enhanced edge. The simulation results show that the proposed method produces more fine halftoning images than conventional methods due to the enhanced edges. Also the performance of the proposed method is compared with that of the conventional method by measuring the edge correlation and the local average accordance over a range of viewing distances.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.62
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• pp.209-229
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• 2016

This thesis is to discover the meanings of boundary through East Asian thought so as to make rooms for discoursing on it. First of all people have their own boundaries of 'Me', and they make others as persons or objects in their thoughts. Originally boundary has represented nation's frontier, and it indicated the worlds of space in Buddhism of East Asian culture. It is represented by loka or visaya in Sanskrit and region, dominion, boundary, border in English, which means the worlds that people would fancy in their minds over domains of politics, societies, culture, arts ect, not to be simple. Accordingly we must not approach to its meaning simply like 'beyond border'. There are many boundaries, which are similar to the sublime, for us to arrive in our lives. Spiritually there are also many boundaries(regions) that are made by our desires, wills and concepts. In a while there are limit or problem in our recognizing things, for example, of human's five senses that would be, to an extent connected with Buddhistic understanding of boundaries. Boundaries resulted from partiality in understanding of objects must be got rid of eventually. In regard of these matters, this thesis discusses the meanings of boundary, those that are inevitably made by human's consciousness, and negative ones to be got over from recognition systems of person or any groups.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.52
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• pp.341-364
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• 2017

This thesis is to reflect prevalently stereo-typed community ideas and find alternative ones that have interconnected, relational, and autonomous acting system for our lives. Probably community is the collective space in which 'I' as the subject in the world meet others and achieve the desirable objects each other. By the way the community spaces could be nation state, societies, and people of nation or ones that deal local problems, environments, and ecology and clubs ect, which are variable according to our concerns. In a sense community pay attention to not societies such as nations or people but lives of individuals, preparing for the territories where men feel convenient in their bodies and mentalities without artificial manipulation. In such a community the participant's vital energy can be stretched actively and relationally, and even if the leader be, there is the politics of doing nothingness not to be the obstacle in the way mens' will goes. In those communities they can live their lives at their nature and realize their dreams without barriers to their way. If we find these ideas of communities which are alternative for our period, we should gaze at Asiatic ones that may be scattered in classics of Confucianism, Daoim and ect. With these concepts and concerns, this paper was drawn up.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1-14
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• 2019

This study explored ways to activate tourism promotion centers located in 23 regions of Gyeongsangbuk-do and carried out qualitative research through FGI(Focus Group Interview) to the heads of tourism promotion agencies, public officials, and professors. The FGI(Focus Group Interview) analysis results discussed the problems of tourism promotion and information center facilities recognized by stakeholders in Gyeongsangbuk-do and service improvement cooperation. At a time when the importance of the tourism industry is being emphasized, it is time to expand and improve the facilities of the tourism promotion center as a tourism information facility for Koreans and foreigners. Gyeongsangbuk-do Province has a natural environment and unique tourism resources that can become a tourist attraction in South Korea. In particular, four topics were drawn: providing satisfaction with visitors linked to regional economic revitalization cooperation and tourism guidance, and measures to boost revenue generation at public relations centers and information centers in Gyeongsangbuk-do.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.519-524
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• 2023

In hashing-based image retrieval, the hash code of a manipulated image is different from the original image, making it difficult to search for the same image. This paper proposes and evaluates a self-supervised deephashing model that generates perceptual hash codes from feature information such as texture, shape, and color of images. The comparison models are autoencoder-based variational inference models, but the encoder is designed with a fully connected layer, convolutional neural network, and transformer modules. The proposed model is a variational inference model that includes a SimAM module of extracting geometric patterns and positional relationships within images. The SimAM module can learn latent vectors highlighting objects or local regions through an energy function using the activation values of neurons and surrounding neurons. The proposed method is a representation learning model that can generate low-dimensional latent vectors from high-dimensional input images, and the latent vectors are binarized into distinguishable hash code. From the experimental results on public datasets such as CIFAR-10, ImageNet, and NUS-WIDE, the proposed model is superior to the comparative model and analyzed to have equivalent performance to the supervised learning-based deephashing model. The proposed model can be used in application systems that require low-dimensional representation of images, such as image search or copyright image determination.