• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.388-393
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• 2004

The physiological activity of 5 kinds of medicinal plant extracts were examined. Total polyphenol contents showed the highest value in 50 $\%$ ethanol extracts. Electron donating ability showed the highest value in 50 $\%$ ethanol extracts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. SOD-like activity showed the highest activity in 50$\%$ ethanol extracts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Medicinal plant extracts showed the different nitrite scavenging abilities under the different pH conditions. Medicinal plant extracts showed the highest value in nitrite scavenging ability at pH 1.2. The maximum nitrite scavenging effect was found at pH 1.2 and decreased as pH increased. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity showed the highest value in 50 $\%$ ethanol extracts of dried garlic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.914-920
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• 2012

We investigated the effects of heat treatment and extraction method on the antioxidant activities of five medicinal plants: Cyperus rotundus, Eucommia ulmoides, Bupleurum falcatum, Achyranthes japonica Nakai, and Akebia quinata. Extraction was performed with only ultrasound, ultrasound after heating at $130^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours, and reflux extraction with distilled water. The phenolic contents of reflux extraction and ultrasound extraction after heating were higher than only ultrasound extraction, and ultrasound extraction after heating samples was higher than reflux extraction except for Eucommia ulmoides and Cyperus rotundus. Total flavonoid content was higher in reflux and ultrasound extraction after heating samples than only ultrasound extraction, except for Cyperus rotundus. ABTS radical scavenging activity was higher in reflux extraction and ultrasound extraction after heating a sample, than only ultrasound extraction. DPPH radical scavenging activity was higher in reflux extraction except for Achyranthes japonica Nakai and Akebia quinata. The reducing power of ultrasound extraction after heating was higher with Achyranthes japonica Nakai. From the results of this study, we can expect to increase the antioxidant activity of medicinal plant extracts by applying suitable extraction and pretreatment conditions on the type of medicinal plant.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.273-279
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• 1999

Forty plants used as tea materials were chosen for determining the contents of total phenolics, selenium (Se), ${\beta}-carotene$, ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ and ascorbate. Total phenolics and ascorbate contents were analyzed colorimetrically. The Se contents were measured by hydride-atomic absorption spectrometry. The contents of ${\beta}-carotene$ and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ were simultaneously determined by high performance liquid chromatography using separate detectors, UV for ${\beta}-carotene$ and FL for ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ analyses. The contents of these antioxidants were as follows (per 100 g dry plant); Contents of total phenolics in green tea leaf, black tea leaf, oolong tea leaf and instant coffee were about 7 g and the Se contents in corni fructus and arrowroot were found to be about $4{\mu}g$, which were the highest among all plants used. Contents of ${\beta}-carotene$ in eucommiae cortex, persimmon leaf and green tea leaf were 8587, 6222 and $3652\;{\mu}g$ respectively. The persimon leaf contained the highest ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ content (33 mg) and then followed by eucommiae cortex (26 mg), green tea leaf (16 mg) and black tea leaf (13 mg) in order. Ascorbate contents were found to be high in green tea leaf (199 mg) and black tea leaf (117 mg).

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1049-1053
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (Du-Zhong) as a main ingredient in a mixture of various medicinal herbal extracts on blood pressure, serum lipid concentrations, and hematological variables in hypertensive patients. After 4 weeks on drinking the mixed medicinal herbal teas, systolic blood pressure remarkably decreased from 167.14 to 134.86 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure decreased from 100.00 to 87.10 mmHg. In terms of serum lipid profiles, there were no differences in total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol level, and atherogenic index, However, the level of triglycerol was significantly reduced from 237.1 before the experiment to 145.00 mg/dL after 4 weeks on drinking the mixed medicinal herbal teas. Serum triglyceride were remarkably reduced from 237.1 to 145.00 mg/dL in the hypertensive patients who had taken the combined medicinal herbal extracts. Compared with data obtained from the patients before the experiment, there were no differences in hematological variables (RBC, WBC, hematocrit, hemoglobin, platlets and homocysteine) after the 4 weeks experiments, but mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was significantly increased by 2.70% (p<0.05) in the blood samples. Based on these findings, it can be presumed that the examined mixed medicinal herbal tea may be effective in lowering blood pressure and in increasing mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration due to reduced serum triglyceride levels in hypertension patients.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.80 no.2
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• pp.202-209
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• 1991

This study was carried out to examine seed germination, seedling growth, and biomass production of Eucommia ulmoides. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. Cold moist stratification at a refrigerator showed 60.3% of seed germination, which is the most effective among pretreatment methods. 2. In case of 1-0 seedlings, sixty seedlings per $1m^2$ was the most appropriate density, and the growth quality of seedlings differed significantly among densities. 3. Height growth showed continuous growth pattern and the maximum growth was shown during the period 21 June to 20 July, which corresponds 32.7% of total annual growth. 4. As tree age and DBH increased, the production of bark and leaf increased, however, its increment rate remarkably dropped down after ten years. 5. When tree age was ten years, the rate of bark volume showed the maximum value, 12.42%. 6. Dry weight of barks and leaves and bark volume were positively related to the growth of DBH and height. 7. As tree age increased, leaf area decreased, but the number of leaves increased.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2013

Carthamus tinctorius L. and Eucommia umoides Oliver are often used in traditional herbal medicines for reducing damage to the liver, kidney, bone and muscle. In the present study, we investigated cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity in the human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell line with methanol extracts of Carthami Semen (CS) and Eucommiae Cortex (EC) alone or in a mixture (CS+EC). Osteoblast cell viability was evaluated using the MTS assay and alkaline phosphatase activity assays. The cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly increased in MG-63 osteoblast cells treated with the CS+EC mixture. These findings suggest the CS+EC mixture may have beneficial effects on bone health through the proliferation of osteoblast cells.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 1987

The anti-diabetic effects of the methanol extracts of Cortex, Ramulus and Folium part of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver were investigated by the experimental diabetic model in rats. The increased blood glucose level in the diabetic rats induced by alloxan and streptozotocin was significantly lowered and a marked increase in body weight was shown with the treatments of the extracts of Cortex and Folium. The blood insulin level lowered by streptozotocin pretreatment was significantly recovered with the treatment of the extract of Folium. In glucose tolerance test, the extracts of Cortex and Folium displayed a significant inhibitory effect on the glucose level. The extracts of Cortex and Folium also caused a marked inhibition in increased blood pressure in the diabetic rats induced by alloxan.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.461-465
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• 2000

The effects of 3% Cortex Eucommiae extracts on serum lipid contents were evaluated in rats. Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $100{\pm}10g$ were divided into seven groups and fed different fat diets for four weeks. Each group was administered with following group: Control, basal fat diet, saturated fat diet and unsaturated fat diet respectively was fed 1% cholesterol, Cortex Eucommiae extracts 3%. The contents of serum lipid contents triglyceride in the basal fat diet group were higher than those of control group. The contents of total-cholesterol in serum of the saturated fat diet group was significantly higher than other group. The contents of HDL-cholesterol in serum of the 3% Cortex Eucommiae extract group were higher than those other fat diet group. The contents of LDL-cholesterol in serum of the 3% Cortex Eucommiae ex1ract group was lower than other fat diet groups. These results suggest that 3% Cortex Eucommiae extract group may reduced elevated levels of serum lipid contents in rats different fed fat diet.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.202-206
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• 1999

The MeOH extracts obtained from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides were solvent-fractionated with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and $H_20$, successively. From the EtOAc extract showing Grab2-Shc inhibitory activity, a flavonol and a lignan compounds were isolated through repeated silica gel column chromatographies. By interpretation of several spectral data and adaptation of acetylation method, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-flavonol (quercetin), and 4,4',8',9-tetrahydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-7,9'-cyclolignan {(-)-olivil)}, respectively. The compounds exhibited $IC_{50}$ values in Grb2-Shc inhibitory activity to be 93 and $210\;{\mu}mole/l$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 1996

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Eucommia ulmoides Oliver leaves(EUOL) on the growth performance and meat quality of broiler chicks. The dietary treatments consisted of the control diet(corn-soybean meal basal), and EUOL 2, 4, and 6% diets. The latter three diets were prepared by adding 2, 4, and 6% EUOL to the control diet. Ninety-six Arbor Acre male broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 16 pens; four pens per treatment and 6 birds per pen. The growth performance and carcass weight of broiler chicks fed EUOL diets were not significantly different(P>O.05) from the control birds. Also, the muscle color degrees(L*a*b *)in brolier chicks were similar to each other. The blood concentrations of protein, sugar and glutamic-pyruvic transarninase(GPT) were not different(P>O.05) between control and treatment groups. The blood total cholestrol content was significantly(P<0.05) decreased by the addition of EUOL. However, the addition of EUOL did not change the muscle components significantly. The bone hardness of broiler chicks fed EUOL was significantly(P<0.05) higher than that of control chicks.