• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.117-122
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• 2008

Although the pulse diagnosis is the one of the most important diagnostic process to traditional medical doctors, there is no proper communication tool between experts and trainees. In this paper, we have developed a indentation training system which consists of a hardware measuring indent pressure on artificial arm quantitatively and a software providing a indentation training program. The hardware for measurement of indent pressure profile includes 3 load cells embedded in the artificial arm, signal amplification part and digitization part, NI-USB 6009 with 200Hz sampling rate. For setting up a relationship table between weights and output voltages, 8 standard weights were used. To evaluate this hardware, 3 oriental medical specialists were involved and their indent pressure profile were recorded three times respectively. From these, it was found that pulse diagnosis process could be divided into 3 periods and the maximum load were $500g{\cdot}f$ approximately while doctors perform a pulse diagnosis. The indentation training program was implemented with LabView and designed to monitor the differences between the pressure profile of a expert and that of a trainee so to offer some visual feedback to the trainee. Also, this program could provide the trends of training performances. With this developed system, the education of pulse diagnosis is expected to be more quantitative and effective.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.342-349
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• 2002

New formation technique of metal oxide sensing film was proposed m this paper. Silicon wafer with Pt electrodes was used as a substrate for depositing metal Sn film. Metal Sn was deposited in the state of not continuous film but only island state. The samples were prepared to obtain the optimal condition of metal Sn deposition. The resistances of deposited Sn onto Pt electrodes amounted to $1\;k{\Omega}$, $5\;k{\Omega}$, $10\;k{\Omega}$ and $50\;k{\Omega}$, respectively. Also The sample with $1,500\;{\AA}$ thickness of Sn was prepared m order to compare sensing properties between conventional type and proposing type. After deposition of metal Sn, $SnO_2$ was formed by thermal oxidation method for 3 hrs. in $O_2$ ambient at $700^{\circ}C$. Surface morphology, crystal structure and surface roughness of oxidized-sensing film were examined by SEM, XRD, and AFM, respectively. From the results of these analyses, the optimal deposition condition of Sn was that the Pt electrode resistance became $10\;k{\Omega}(300\;{\AA})$. Also, the sensing characteristics of fabricated sensing film for various concentrations of butane, propane and carbon monoxide gases were measured at he operating temperatures of $250^{\circ}C$, $300^{\circ}C$ and $350^{\circ}C$, respectively. Although catalyst as not added to the sensing film, it has exhibited the high sensitivity to all the test gases.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.23-33
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• 2018

Objective : This systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of focal muscle vibration in patients with post-stroke spastic hemiplegia. Methods : We searched literature published between April 2009 and October 2017 using PubMed and RISS databases. The main search terms were Vibration therapy, Focal vibration, Somatosensory, Upper limb, and Spasticity after stroke. Based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, 6 articles were selected. Results : Articles on focal muscle vibration intervention ranged from evaluation of application-only vibration to muscle vibration with task-oriented activity. Intervention effects on upper extremity spasticity and function and activities of daily living were assessed. There were significant effects on upper extremity spasticity, function, and cortical excitability. Conclusions : This study can provide information on focal muscle vibration for use by clinical therapists. However, further studies are needed to identify the optimal stimulation site and frequency/amplitude of application to maximize the effects of focal muscle vibration.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-45
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• 1989

This study aims at helping cerebrally palsied children to overcome and minimize their sufferings, inducing them to perform ordinary activities of daily living for themselves by coducting ADL Tests which are fundamental activities in daily life and presenting treatment plan for their overall rehabilitation and basic data for achieving the training objective. For that purpose, 173 cerebrally palsied children were selected and given ADL performance Tests from Dec. 1987 to Oct. 1988 and the following results were obtained. 1. Correlation coefficients for each ADL category indicated significant statistical value at .01 level. 2. Correlation coefficient between school-year variable and ADL category variable was significant at .01 level. 3. Correlation between age variable and ADL variable category proved significant at .01 level as well. 4. Correlation coefficients between each category in terms of functional state of extremities were significant at .01 level. 5. The difference in ADL achievements between each category by school year were as follows ; 1) In the category of meeting nature's tall, the age span of more than 4 school years showed statistical significance. 2) In the category of putting off and on clothing, the age span of 3 school years indicated statistical significance. 3) In taking meals statistical significance was found in the age span of 4 school years. 4) In finger movements the age span of more the 4 school years indicated statistical significance. 5) In walking activities statistical significance was noticed in the age span of 2 or 3 school years. Besides, in category by school year, and exceptional case was noticed that the 6th graders were lower than the 5th graders in self-reliance rate. 6. the difference in ADL achievements by type of palsy, children of triplegia were the lowest, while those of monoplegia were the highest. 7. The difference in ADL achievements by kind of palsy, patients of athetosis showed lower rate of self-reliance than those of spasticity, and particularly the latter showed a high rate of self-reliance in taking meals$(83.5\%)$. The former were relatively low in self-reliance and lowerst in meeting nature's call $(59.8\%)$.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.361-380
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were to a analysis of friction relation between tennis outsole and tennis playing surfaces. Tennis footwear is an important component of tennis game equipment. It can support or damage players performance and comfort. Most importantly athletic shoes protect the foot preventing abrasions and injuries. Footwear stability in court sports like tennis is incredibly important since it is estimated that as many as 45% of all lower extremity injuries occur in the foot and ankle. The friction force is the force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it. The friction force opposes the motion of the object. Friction results when two surfaces are pressed together closely, causing attractive intermolecular forces between the molecules of the two different surfaces. The outsole provides traction and reduces wear on the midsole. Today's outsoles address sport specific movements (running versus pivoting) and playing surface types. Different areas of the outsole are designed for the distinct frictional needs of specific movements. Traction created by the friction between the outsole and the surface allows the shoe to grip the surface. As surfaces, conditions and player motion change, traction may need to vary. An athletic shoe needs to grip well when running but not when pivoting. Laboratory tests have demonstrated force reductions compared to impact on concrete. There is a correlation between pain, injury and surface hardness. These are a variety of traction patterns on the soles of athletic shoes. Traction like any other shoe characteristic must be commensurate and balanced with the sport. The equal and opposite force does not necessarily travel back up your leg. The surface itself absorbs a portion of the force converting it to other forms of energy. Subsequently, tennis court surfaces are rated not only for pace but also for the percentage of force reduction.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.1295-1309
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• 2007

A wireless access point is used for all communications in the infrastructure mode wireless home networking, including communication between mobile nodes in the same service area. When a mobile station in the infrastructure mode wireless home networking moves into a dead zone, the communication between the mobile station and the access point is disconnected. To solve this problem, the existing wireless home network platforms focus on the ad hoc mode wireless home networking. However, the performance of an ad hoc network is poorly decreased when the number of mobile participating in the ad hoc network increases. In addition, although the ad hoc routing technique is necessary to support seamless communication of mobile nodes, the existing routing protocols, such as AODV and DSR, do not consider that a wireless channel state could affect performance significantly. Therefore, we propose a wireless home networking platform based on the ESCOD (End-to-end Seamless multi-hop COnnection based on Dual network mode) technique incorporating the VLR (Virtual Link Routing) scheme that supports end-to-end seamless connections. Extensive experiments show that the proposed wireless home networking platform incorporating the VLR scheme outperforms wireless home networking platforms based on the AODV and the DSR routing protocols respectively in terms of low packet transmission failure rate, fast packet transmission time, high TCP performance, and a wider coverage area of wireless home networks.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.153-170
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• 2011

OMTP (Open Mobile Terminal Platform) is a global forum made by telecommunications providers to promote user-oriented mobile services and data business. Devised by OMTP, BONDI is a browser-based application or a mobile web run-time platform to help widgets make good use of functions of mobile devices in a secure way. BONDI enables applications programmed with web standard technologies such as HTML, JavaScript, CSS, and AJAX to reach the internal functions of mobile devices. Since BONDI, which is not just a simple network application, can reach the internal resources of devices in standard ways, it enables the application and widgets to be developed regardless of tile OS or platform. Web browser-based widgets are vulnerable to the network environment, and their exeeution speed can be slowed as the operations of the widgets or applications become heavy. However, those web widgets will be continuously used thanks to the user-friendly simple interface and the faster speed in using web resources more than the native widgets inside the device. This study suggested a method to effectively operate and manage the resource of OMTP BONDI web widget and then provided an improved result based on a running performance evaluation experiment. The experiment was carried to improve the entire operating time by enhancing the module-loading speed. In this regard, only indispensable modules were allowed to be loaded while the BONDI widget was underway. For the purpose, the widget resource list, able to make the operating speed of the BONDI widget faster, was redefined while a widget cache was employed. In addition, the widget box, a management tool for removed widgets, was devised to store temporarily idle widgets.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.1593-1608
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• 2009

If a certain relay node in multi-hop wireless networks might become a malicious node that does not cooperate with other nodes or a selfish node, network throughput will be dramatically decreased. Most of existing ad hoc routing protocols assuming that the nodes will fully cooperate with other nodes do not resolve the problem of network performance degradation due to malicious and selfish nodes. This paper presents the CARE (Cooperative Ad hoc routing protocol based REputation) scheme incorporating the reputation management that can achieve a multi-hop wireless network with high throughput performance. The proposed scheme provides the horizontal cross-layer approach which can identify misbehaving malicious, selfish nodes dropped out of the hop-by-hop based packet processing in the network and then set up an optimal packet routing path that will detour misbehaving nodes. And the vertical cross-layer approach contained in the CARE scheme attempts to improve the quality of routing paths by exploiting the quality of link information received from the MAC layer. Besides, it provides high TCP throughput by exploiting the reputation values of nodes acquired from the network layer into the transport layer. A case study on experiments and simulations shows that the CARE scheme incorporating vertical and horizontal cross-layer approaches yields better performance in terms of the low rate of packet loss, fast average packet delivery time, and high TCP throughput between end-to-end nodes.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.219-224
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• 2015

In this paper, the designed fish robots DOMI ver1.0 is researched and development for aquarium underwater robot. The presented fish robot consists of the head, 1'st stage body, 2nd stage body and tail, which is connected two point driving joints. The model of the robot fish is analysis to maximize the momentum of the robot fish and the body of the robot is designed through the analysis of the biological fish swimming. Also, Lighthill was applied to the kinematics analysis of robot fish swimming algorithms, we are applied to the approximate method of the streamer model that utilizes techniques mimic the biological fish. The swimming robot has two operating mode such as manual and autonomous operation modes. In manual mode the fish robot is operated to using the RF transceiver, and in autonomous mode the robot is controlled by microprocessor board that is consist PSD sensor for the object recognition and avoidance. In order to the submerged and emerged, the robot has the bladder device in a head portion. The robot gravity center weight is transferred to a one-axis sliding and it is possible to the submerged and emerged of DOMI robot by the breath unit. It was verified by the performance test of this design robot DOMI ver1.0. It was confirmed that excellent performance, such as driving force, durability and water resistance through the underwater field test.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.271-281
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• 2006

Recently the need for Location-Based Service (LBS) has increased due to the development and widespread use of the mobile devices (e.g., PDAs, cellular phones, labtop computers, GPS, and RFID etc). The core technology of LBS is a moving-objects database that stores and manages the positions of moving objects. To search for information quickly, the database needs to contain an index that supports both real-time position tracking and management of large numbers of updates. As a result, the index requires a structure operating in the main memory for real-time processing and requires a technique to migrate part of the index from the main memory to disk storage (or from disk storage to the main memory) to manage large volumes of data. To satisfy these requirements, this paper suggests a unified index scheme unifying the main memory and the disk as well as migration policies for migrating part of the index from the memory to the disk during a restriction in memory space. Migration policy determines a group of nodes, called the migration subtree, and migrates the group as a unit to reduce disk I/O. This method takes advantage of bulk operations and dynamic clustering. The unified index is created by applying various migration policies. This paper measures and compares the performance of the migration policies using experimental evaluation.