• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

Recently, various researches have been proposed to accelerate GPU-based volume ray-casting. However, those researches may cause several problems such as bottleneck of data transmission between CPU and GPU, requirement of additional video memory for hierarchical structure and increase of processing time whenever opacity transfer function changes. In this paper, we propose an efficient GPU-based empty space skipping technique to solve these problems. We store maximum density in a brick of volume dataset on a vertex element. Then we delete vertices regarded as transparent one by opacity transfer function in geometry shader. Remaining vertices are used to generate bounding boxes of non-transparent area that helps the ray to traverse efficiently. Although these vertices are independent on viewing condition they need to be reproduced when opacity transfer function changes. Our technique provides fast generation of opaque vertices for interactive processing since the generation stage of the opaque vertices is running in GPU pipeline. The rendering results of our algorithm are identical to the that of general GPU ray-casting, but the performance can be up to more than 10 times faster.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.42
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• pp.213-240
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• 2016

The character is not dependent on an original story world any more. It is not limited to it's own story, but gets out and expands the other story with new character, background story, and event regardless of genre and media. The purpose of this study is to analyze why should this phenomenon happen from the media perspective and to build a character storytelling model through the specific examples. With the advent of the digital paradigm the storytelling model is emphasized character storytelling. Character is no longer limited to just one narrative and extended beyond the boundary narrative, media and genre. There are four background. First, disappearance of the big story with the advent of postmodernism and the emergnece of small story. Second, the emergence of fandom culture and charater's liberalization. Third, character as public goods with database. Fourth, changes in author's position. In fact, in the traditional narrative theory there has been discussion about the character all the time. But character storytelling meets transmedia storytelling, discussions were accelerated. The character was preceded by a narrative independent existence. Even if that character has occurred even while leading cause narrative. In this paper, we suggest two model as specific methodology to expand the story world fixed character. One is phychology transition, another is roll transition. This study get the value to build the new storytelling model with digital paradigm.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.7
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• pp.1-24
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• 2003

우리는 지금까지 독일어와 한국어 두 언어간의 오류분석을 논의해 왔다. 특히 언어유형학적인 측면에서 몇 가지 오류유형과 분석을 시도했다. 그 결과는 대체로 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. 독일어와 한국어가 서로 근본적으로 상반되는 언어현상과 더불어 약간의 공통성을 나타내며 일정한 유형을 나타낸다. 이는 두로 인간의 언어습득장치에 기인된 언어습득의 결정주의(Determinismus)에서 비롯될 것이다. 언어특성/문제의 체계성/규칙성 또는 일관성은 이를 반영한다. 거대한 언어자료 중에 극히 미미한 일부, 즉 언어최소량를 정복함으로써 그 효용성을 극대화할 수 있는 것은 매우 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 이를 연구 이용하는 경우에는 엄청난 효과와 가능성을 기대할 수 있을 것이다. (1) 독일어와 한국어의 학습 및 오류분석에서 가장 핵심적인 것은 언어유형학적으로 드러난 언어특성, 즉 전치성(독일어/영어)과 후치성(한국어)이다. 이를 토대로 형성된 대립적인 면과 공통적인 문제를 체계화하는 것이 역시 오류분석 문제의 관건이다. 또한 독일어가 아직 후치성 언어(한국어(TXV))에서 출발해서 전치성 언어(영어(SVX))로 발전/변화해 가는 과정, 즉 중간단계인 TVX에 머물고 있다는 사실이 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 즉 그들의 대극성과 유사성을 연결하는 실마리로 볼 수 있기 때문이다. (2) 일치(Kongruenz)/상관(Korrelation) 및 반복(Wiederholung) 현상, 그리고 격변화와 인칭변화 현상은 어순문제와 더불어 형태론적 문제를 통해 문법적인 확인수단으로 작용한다. 이들은 대부분 체계적/구조적으로 나타나기 때문에 학습자는 흔히 같은 유형에서 반복적으로 오류를 범하기 마련이다. 이를 극복하기 위해서 언어 유형학적 오류분석을 이해하고 또한 이를 통해 오류를 줄이거나 예방하는 학습이 필요하다. (3) 명사가 한정사구 안에서 성/수/격에 따라 변화하는 것과 동사가 동사구에서 주어의 인칭/수에 따라 인칭변화 하는 것은 우리 한국인에게는 아주 이색적인 현상이다. 이는 양면적인 수식구조에 대한 확인수단 및 원자가에 의한 강력한 형식위주 언어인 독일어와 전위적인 단일 수식구조와 부정형 동사를 특성으로 형성된 핵/최소문 언어간의 필연적인 적응관계 및 결과라고 볼 수 있다. 이 두 가지 유형 역시 언어특성에 따라 도식화/공식화 할 수 있다. (4) 괄호현상, 즉 으뜸머리(Hauptkopf)가 버금머리(Nebenkopf)와 분리하는 것은 우리 한국인에게는 아주 이색적인 언어현상이다. 한국어에는 머리의 이동이 없기 때문이다. 긴 구문에서 버금머리를 잊어버리거나 실수하는 것은 모든 괄호구문에서 예견되는 결과이다. 그러나 이는 정치성과 후치성 언어간의 전이 과정으로 이해될 수 있다. 으뜸머리가 원래의 자리를 박차고 소속 구/문의 앞자리로 도약한 것처럼 느껴지기 때문이다. (5) 전치 및 후치 수식이 유동적으로 작용하는 독일어는 전치 수식만으로 고정된 한국어보다 복잡하지만 균형적인 언어구조이다. 이러한 수식구조에서 한국인은 흔히 형태 및 어순에서, 그리고 번역에서 오류를 범하고 만다. (6) 그러나 가장 중요한 것은 아는 것을 제대로 이용하는 문제이다. 모국어/L2를 자유로이 말하고 쓸 때까지, 즉 언어습득에는 일체이 문법이나 도표/도식을 이용할 필요가 없다는 사실이다. 이는 17세기 서구의 이성주의 철학자들의 한결같은 경고이다. 오늘날 초고속 과학문명에서 더욱 빛을 발하는 것은 당연한 결과이다. 한 언어 속에 들어있는 문법체계를 익혀 가는 것이 곧 언어습득 과정이지만, 이를 달성하는 가능성 내지 첩경은 실제적인 언어자료와 체험이지 결코 문법이나 추상적인 개념적 접근이 아님을 웅변하고 있기 때문이다. 핵심적인 문제는 모국어교육에서도 최대 장점인 대화를 통한 언어연습/대화 기회를 최대한 보장하는 데 있다. 또한 언어간섭 현상을 조장하는 분위기를 막아야 할 것이다. 이러한 의미에서 교수법 개발이 외국어/L2 성공의 관건일 것이다. (7) 언어학습에서 오류를 극복하는 데는 일차적인 실제 상황에 부합하는 대화적인 연습, 그리고 효과적인 언어자료 접촉, 즉 독서와 모방이 중요하다. 이차적이고 직접적인 것은 통사(Syntax) 및 형태론(Morphologie)를 익힐 수 있는 말/문을 끊임없이 익히는 일이다. 이것이 또한 언어최소량을 충족시켜 언어습득에 이르는 첩경이다. 자연 생태적인 모국어 학습 또는 조정 및 제도적인 언어학습에서도 실제상황에 어긋나는 문법적인 체계에 얽매이는 도식 및 도표 위주의 텟스트는 일시적인 기대일 뿐이다. 인간의 언어습득장치를 이해하지 못한 결과이기 때문이다. 문법적인 개념위주 접근은 상당한 설명이 필요해서 절박한 자료와 체험까지 앗아가기 마련이다. 더구나 이를 위해 수준을 무시하고 모국어로 일관하여 벙어리와 문맹을 자초하는 것은 참으로 어리석은 일이다. 지식 정보화 시대 및 세계화 시대에는 무엇보다도 교육 및 언어정책이 국가 발전의 원동력이다. 특히 영어를 비롯한 외국어 학습능력과 학습방법은 매우 중요하다. 학습자에게 말하고 쓰는 기본 능력을 보장하는 것이 급선무이다. 이를 위한 작업의 하나가 바로 언어간의 오류분석일 것이다. 언어의 습득과 활용이 체계적이듯이 오류분석 역시 상당히 체계적이다. 그래서 인간의 언어습득과 언어습득장치를 두고 결정론(Determinismus)이 지배적이다. 이러한 의미에서 언어습득의 3대 요소, 즉 언어습득장치를 구비한 인간으로 태어나고, 해당 언어를 통한 일관된 언어체험/학습으로 언어최소량을 충족해야 한 언어를 정복할 수 있다는 것은 결정적인 사실이다. 학생고객에게 다가서는 책임교육으로 교육개방에 대비하는 일 역시 시대적인 상황이요 또한 결정적인 단계임엔 틀림이 없을 것이다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.445-451
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• 2007

This study was started to not only resolve structural problems such as lack of contents, an unstable structure of earnings, and reduction of an additional market in Korean film industry through revitalizing digital cinema, but also make digital cinema become a power for growing Korean film industry furthermore. In the section of revitalizing digital cinema production, I suggest that expanding an audience base of low budget art cinema using digital technology will contribute to diversity film contents, and joint production with broadcasters by digital technology will expedite growing film industry as well as revitalizing digital cinema production. In the section of revitalizing digital cinema distribution, I insist, we should make effort positively to build reasonable hold-back and so on in order that film industry's positive participation in the market of digital film distribution and new media such as DMB or IP-TV may become an additional market to film industry. In conclusion, we can gain a foothold to leap toward a Position of cultural technology Power through efforts to resolve problems inherent in digital cinema.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.10A
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• pp.1462-1470
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• 1999

In this paper, the performance of packet radio networks using the ALOHA protocol in Rayleigh fading channels is analyzed in terms of the capture probability and the throughput. We consider capture effect in order to increase the probability of the channel access and to include cellular environment we assume that the traffic is a truncated bell-shaped distribution. The packet proposed in this paper consists of a competition part and a data part to decrease the probability of collision in the channel access. In the competition part, DS system with common spreading code is used and in the data, hybrid DS/FH system is used. We consider the linear correlation receiver and the hard-limiting correlation receiver as the receiver model. BPSK modulation is also employed. Because hybrid DS/FH systems are not sensitive to variation of the interference power, as we choose a proper chip number N and a frequency hopping number q, we can obtain a steady system performance even though the variation of interference power is severe fading channels such as Rayleigh fading.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.331-337
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to meta-synthesize the results of qualitative research that explored the experiences of nursing care in a domestic nurse to understand the phenomenon. The research method was a qualitative meta-synthesis study, which was analyzed using Thomas and Harden's methods. This was analyzed by searching for quality assessments for individual studies, extracting data for analysis, and meta-synthesizing the results. As a result of the study, it appeared as five synthetic themes. 1) Disaster nursing that begins with anxiety and fear, 2) Disaster nursing process: An atmosphere that feels even loneliness and burden in isolation and disconnection, 3) Disaster nursing process: Being in a poor and diverse environment, 4) Disaster nursing process: Although exhausted Endure and overcome. 5) After disaster care: A leap forward for development beyond mission and self-esteem. Conclusion, this study is expected to be a useful basic data for the development and application of nurse's disaster nursing programs and educational programs in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.388-409
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• 2017

This study was to explore experiences of Female Ex-offender's re-entry process to socialization. For this, 9 female ex-offenders who receive housing support by the Korea Rehabilitation Agency were interviewed and the Strauss and Corbin's ground theory is used to approach to the data. In open coding, 88 concepts, 33 subcategories, and 15categories emerged from the data. In axial coding, central phenomenon were 'indulge in self pity', 'being isolated female ex-offender'. Intervention condition was 'human cooperation system'. Strategies were 'increase the receptiveness', 'establish the foundation'. Consequences were 'finding the stability in the life', 'changing the life direction'. In selective coding, main theme was 'overcome social stigma through changing life-direction and acclimate to society', and four phases were derived from the data. Based upon this results outcome, need of female ex-offender in the process of social transition and their experience were discussed.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.127-140
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• 2011

Research achievement of Korean geographers on karst studies was evaluated based on the number of publications for the past fifty years, which were divided into four main periods, including beginning, youth, growth, and maturity stages. The descriptive statistics of research papers published in major geography journals were computed and these articles were classified according to their main subjects and study areas. The role of moisture is particularly important in Karst geomorphology compared to the other geomorphological fields. The morphology, landscape, and formation processes of tropical and temperate karst are different from each other, and the regional and altitudinal characteristics of karst environments are significantly diverse. Thus, it is likely that the detailed records of climatic changes are preserved in the northeast Asian karst landform. Since karst geomorphology can be a major cause of natural hazards, such as collapsed surfaces or subsidence, which are associated with anthropogenic activities, including underground-water pumping and land use, education and training of physical geographers, specializing on monsoon effects, distributions of limestone, and soil characteristics, are critical issues to foster the capacity of disaster management in the nation. Moreover, knowing that the unique and spectacular landscape of karst geomorphology is a valuable, natural resource of tourism and has aesthetic values on its own, contributions of geographers to the introduction, conservation, research, and development of karst environment should be emphasized.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2015

As part of an effort to leap smart cadastre system by doing rearrangement of various mismatches in the land register, the cadastre renovation project is being recently conducted. In response to this demand, this paper proposes an image-based rapid parcel boundary demarcation plan using the high resolution aerial image with a GSD (Ground Sample Distance) of 5cm that matches to real ground boundary situation in residential area. To review the feasibility and accuracy of this proposed methodology, we compared the accuracy of parcel boundary point and parcel area extracted from the digital stereo plotting on the basis of results of cadastral boundary surveying and land register over the selected two test areas. The comparative accuracy result of all boundary points by digital stereo plotting is satisfied with accuracy requirement according to the criteria of the enforcement regulation of cadastral surveying, whereas it exceeded allowable error of ${\pm}0.07m$, more strictly specified in the Special Act on Cadastral Renovation. And about 20% of the total 70 parcels extracted by digital plotting are out of area tolerance in Jecheon study area, and 10% of the total 19 parcels in Suwon study area. The parcels exceeding accuracy limit are mostly due to the occlusion caused by building roof or eaves, and the obstacles such as trees existing on the boundary. Furthermore, an object identification is impossible in image because of vague boundary reference in case of nonexistence of man-made structures or natural features. Therefore, the utilization of boundary identification stickers is recommended as a solution for these types of land parcel.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.146-154
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• 2010

Korean TV program market has started since 1995 along with Cable TV and local TV stations and increased significantly due to Korean wave. Now the new platform such as IPTV makes a new opportunity of growth to the TV program market. This study will analyse the actual status and mechanism of Korean TV program market. To begin, Korean TV market is still dominated by terrestrial TV in domestic distribution market and in exportation even though the windows are diversified. This has influenced not only for the production market but also the distribution market as the following: continuous conflicts between terrestrial TV and independent production companies even though the significant increase of independent production in quantity ; terrestrial TV's dominance in distribution market with enormous libraries as for the major content provider. In addition, there are limited independent distributors due to the exclusive trade of TV programs by terrestrial TV. As for the exportation, foreign market for Korean TV programs are mainly Asian countries like Japan, China, etc. Furthermore, since the genre of distribution has been concentrated in dramas, it is time to make efforts to find a solution. Thus, this research can give a guideline as for the first step.