• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.12
• /
• pp.2619-2625
• /
• 2011

The GPS technique widely used recently in car navigation system has two problems that are unavailability in urban canyons and inherent positional error rate. The one has been studied and solved in many literatures. However, the other still leads to incorrect locational information in some area, especially parallel roads. This paper proposes and implements a system to recognize lane of moving vehicle based on images obtained from in-vehicle networks or other devices. The proposed system utilizes a real-time image matching algorithm which determines the direction of moving vehicle in parallel section of road. It also employs a method for accuracy improvement. The results obtained from experimental test on real-time navigation show that the proposed systems works well and the accuracy increases.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.25 no.8
• /
• pp.784-798
• /
• 2004

Microscale wind fields were simulated by MUKLIMO at the Naro Space Center, where complicated mountainous terrain and trees exist. In order to test the model's sensitivity with the effects of terrain and trees, experimental simulations were conducted under the various initial conditions. The experiments showed that the effects of trees were more significant on flat surfaces than on mountain cliffs. Based on the results, an actual 10 m level microscale wind field was simulated at the Naro Space Center, which has complicated mountainous terrain. Simulations of wind fields before and after the construction of the launching site were also conducted. It was found that MUKLIMO was of the mesoscale wind fields at the Naro Space Center.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.208-219
• /
• 2014

This work aims to establish the landscape ecological countermeasures to improve the sustainability of urban mountain forest and to enrich the biodiversity in twenty mountains of the Seoul Metropolitan City. Landscape ecological analysis was conducted based upon various criteria, such as area and elevation of mountains, flora, naturalized plants, vegetation, forest types, mountain trails, and public facilities. Various measures were suggested for the better maintenances of floristic diversity, introduced plants, vegetation and forest types of urban mountain forests. Sustainable recommendations for land use adminstration were developed for the preparations of a climate change-adapted urban mountain forests, as well as rational managements of ecosystem, walking trails, and public facilities within mountain forest. Rich and diverse natural vegetation as well as high floristic diversity were reported at mountains with higher elevations, larger area size, and rich landscape diversity. Mountains with low elevation, small size with easy public access, however, might require an urgent action to decrease the burdens by anthropogenic disturbances and urban development.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.36-47
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to classify and assess the characteristics of urban Korean parks by on-site park users' reactions, such as satisfaction, preference and cognitive image of the park and park facilities. The park facilities are classified into five types of satisfaction: management status, activity facilities, convenient facilities, circulation and density, and landscape facilities. The park users are satisfied with conversation, rest and relaxation in the parks, but not satisfied with studying and nature experience. The behaviors in the park are classified as park activities, emotional and experiential activities, and nature activities. The results indicate that the images of the parks are stable, comfortable and natural. There are three factors to classifying the park images: nature-harmony, openness, uniqueness. Preferences for each parks are generally good. According to the criteria such as satisfaction of park facility, behavioral satisfaction, images and preference for each park, the 12 parks are divided into 5 different types: multi-purpose park, well-balanced park with natural elements, urban open space, park to be improved, and ecological park. The characteristics of each park was analyzed and categorized. This study dealt with only the parks in Seoul and its environs, and the survey was only done during the summer season. Therefore, further research is necessary to enlarge and generalize the results of this study, considering seasonal and regional variations.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2008

Although the Dreamland site was the only flat amusement park in the northern part of Seoul, the site lost its function as a regional park due to aging and, therefore, was no longer in use. The site is surrounded by currently existing high dense low-story housing blocks and proposed new towns. A renovation plan for Dreamland was raised by the City of Seoul to enhance the quality of the urban environment in the northern part of Seoul. This study articulates the design concepts and strategies of the prizewinning work of the International Design Competition for Gangbuk Large Park. The three key points can be summarized as follows: First, this design proposal tried to find a new possibility for a large mountain park in an urban areas. These days, mountain parks are used limitedly as ordinary living spaces for activities such as a walking, hiking, and physical training. New strategies were sought to reconstruct the sentiment with which our ancestors enjoyed the mountains. Second, this proposal tried to make Dreamland a socially self-sufficient park. We designed a park which generates self-energy and which communicates with the city, not a park which only exists as a green island in a city. Lastly, rain fed paddy fields, a typical Korean vernacular landscape, was a tangible space which represented people's life-styles harmonizing with the nature. Rain fed paddy fields is a design motif which puts the three surrounding mountains together with the site. It is expected that the new design will works as a noted place.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.165-178
• /
• 2021

We studied driftwood behaviors including generation and deposition in a tsunami using a numerical simulation. We used an integrated two-dimensional numerical model, which included a driftwood dynamics model. The study area was Sendai, Japan. Observation data collected by Inagaki et al. (2012) were used to verify the simulation results by comparing them with driftwood deposition patterns. A simplified model was developed to consider the threshold of driftwood generation by the drag force of water flows. To consider the volume of driftwood generated, we estimated the total wood number in the study area using Google Earth. Therefore, we simulated more than 13,000 pieces of driftwood that were generated and transported inland from approximately 300,000 trees that were growing in the forest. The final distribution of the driftwood was similar to the observation data. The reproducibility of the generation and deposition patterns of driftwood showed good agreement in terms of longitudinal deposition pattern. In the future, a sensitivity analysis on driftwood parameters, such as the size of the wood, boundary conditions, and grid size, will be implemented to predict the travel patterns of driftwood. Such modeling will be a useful methodology for disaster prediction based on water flow and driftwood.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.16-27
• /
• 2022

Due to climate change, temperature is rising worldwide. Since rapid growth has been achieved focused on cities, South Korea is experiencing serious environmental problems such as heat island and air pollution in urban areas. To solve this problem, the central and each local government are actively promoting tree planting campaigns. This study quantitatively calculated changes in green areas and vegetation of Gumi by the tree planting campaign, and analyzed the temperature changes accordingly. For the target area, the green area, vegetation index, and ground temperature were calculated for 4 different time periods using the given Landsat satellite images. As a result of the study, the green area of was increased by 7.24km² and 4.93km² for two regions, respectively. Accordingly, the vegetation index increased by 0.14 to 0.16, and the temperature decreased by 0.8 to 1.2℃. The Tree planting campaign not only plays a role in lowering the temperature of the city but also does various roles such as air purification, carbon absorption, and providing green rest areas to citizens. Therefore the campaign should be carried out continuously.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2023

This study was conducted to confirm the possibility of a new carbon stock in the Sejong National Arboretum, a major urban greenspace in Sejong-si. This study involved field and ground surveys of 1,336 trees, including 794 Pinus densiflora trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of above 5.5cm, which are the most planted in the Sejong National Arboretum, Chionanthus retusus 154 trees planted, Metasequoia glyptostroboides 216 trees, and Aesculus turbinata 172 trees as street trees. Measurements were performed from April to November. Based on the results of the survey, the carbon storage and annual carbon stock were calculated using the annual carbon stock estimation equation used in the forest carbon offset projects. As a result of comparing the carbon stock of the 12cm diameter class, which is the most distributed of four major trees, it was found in the order of C. retusus (0.0136tC/tree), P. densiflora (0.0126tC/tree), M. glyptostroboides (0.0092tC/tree), and A. turbinata (0.0076tC/tree). In addition, the field survey measurement data compared with terrestrial LiDAR measurement data for 20 trees showed a difference of 10.0cm in tree height and 1.7cm in diameter at breast height (p<0.05). In the future, additional carbon stock and annual uptake of other species planted in the arboretum are expected to promote the carbon uptake effect of the arboretum and contribute to the achievement of the national NDC. In the long term, it is also necessary to develop the carbon uptake factor of trees and shrubs mainly used to calculate the exact carbon uptake amount of trees mainly used in urban forests and gardens.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.108 no.2
• /
• pp.177-188
• /
• 2019

The aim of our study was to identify the changing trends in the composition, structure, and spatial distribution of forest vegetation in Apsan Park, a representative urban forest in Daegu, South Korea. A vegetation survey was conducted in 1997 and 2016 using phytosociological methods, and a detailed vegetation map was created using the physiognomic dominant species. There were 22 vegetation types in both 1997 and 2016, but two of those types increased and two decreased. The total coverage per unit area ($100m^2$) of the component vegetation species increased from 163% in 1997 to 182% in 2016, and natural vegetation tended to be more than twice that of artificial vegetation. The average number of species decreased by seven from 25 in 1997 to 18 in 2016. Species diversity (H') increased only slightly from 1,654 in 1997 to 1,680 in 2016, while species dominance (D) decreased by 9% from 0.304 in 1997 to 0.276 in 2016. The similarity in the composition of the forest vegetation was about 78%, which was nearly the same. The life form spectrums of vascular plants changed from '$G-R_5-D_4-e$' in 1997 to '$MM-R_5-D_4-e$' in 2016 and the central dormancy type changed from geophytes (G) to megaphanerophytes (MM). The spatial distribution of the forest vegetation was reduced by approximately four times that of artificial vegetation. The number of forest landscape elements (patches) increased from 269 in 1997 to 294 in 2016, while the average area decreased by 12% from 5.8 ha in 1997 to 5.1 ha in 2016.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.80-89
• /
• 2017

Due to urban growth and increasing population density, many large cities contain building forests. Moreover, due to increasing demands for pleasant residential environments, there is growing concern over the encroachment of sunshine. Although research on related laws and other related fields is emerging, there is a limit to the extent to which the public can easily determine the amount of sunshine per building without referral to specialized agencies. Therefore, in this study, the duration of sunshine per building object was calculated via a simulation of urban shaded area using a spatial information open platform application programming interface. The study area was the'L'apartment complex located in the new city, Haeundae, Busan, China. To perform the duration of sunshine simulation for three-dimensional urban spatial objects, the building height was extracted from pre-built three-dimensional spatial information data, and the position of the sun was determined from calculations of the altitude and azimuth of the sun. This study provides a more precise and easier method of judging whether sunshine is impeded from reaching buildings by quantitatively analyzing sunshine and classifying the total duration of sunshine and the continuous duration of sunshine on each object.