• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.133-165
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• 2019

This paper tried an approach of oral literature as the research subject of Soeburi song in Ulsan. First, UlsanSoeburi song is meaningful as materials collected in Ulsan such as Hansil, Dodoekgol, Dudong and Byeongueong. In addition, it is related to regional identity as song native to Ulsan, which has prototype and archetype. And it shows that Ulsan is the city as well as hometown of Soeburi(meaning ' iron manufacture'). The characteristics of lyrics are different between Hansil Soeburi song and Dodeokgol Soeburi song. Jeiman Choi is considered as a good oral literature poet, because he is a performer who is faithful in official structural principal and in original lyrics(archetype) of Soeburi song. Therefore, SoeburiBulmei song of Jeiman Choi signifies aesthetic meaning, having lyrics which make to feel labor's purity and sacred and melody which overcomes labor's difficulty through united action. On the other hand, SoeburiBulmei song of Dalo Kim in Doseokgol shows that he is a extemporaneous performer even though he performs based on official structural principal. In this paper, transmission and changes of UlsanSoeburi song are divided into basic type, frequent shift type and overall type. 'Basic type' originates from Jeiman Choi's Soeburi song in Hansil. 'Frequent shift type' was created by combining SoeburiBulmei song of Dalo Kim in Doseokgol and SoeburiGeumjul song in Ulsan. 'Overall type' is current Soeburi song, which was created by adding Bulmei song for lulling a baby in Byeongueong near Dalcheon region and Seoknyanggan(smithy) Bulmei song. UlsanSoeburi song is being passed down continuously, strengthening the identity as a representative folk song in Ulsan through endless process of transmission and changes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.54-67
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• 2023

Mount Tai, with an elevation of 1,532 meters, has a reputation as ''The Most Revered of the Five Sacred Mountains (五嶽獨尊)", despite not being the highest mountain in China. A guidebook is a book or pamphlet that contains an introduction and description of specific activities or facilities, especially detailed and accurate information about scenic spots, which provide superior vistas to than other commercially publicized locations. The study aims to investigate Mount Tai's landscape characteristics by analyzing the landscape types and elements, the Kernel Density, the Mean Center and the Standard Deviational Ellipse of the landscape elements appearing in guidebooks introducing Mount Tai. The research results of this study are summarized as follows. First, the landscape type characteristics of Mount Tai are dominated by natural landscapes, which are different from what was shown highlighted in poems and Big Data as they proposed that the landscape characteristics of Mount Tai is dominated by human activities. Second, from the perspective of subdivided landscape types, the landscape elements that appeared in Mount Tai are topography, structure, architecture, plants, semantics, human beings and image orderly, based on the proportion of landscape elements. Third, from the perspective of landscape elements by times series, "Fengshan (封禅)", "sacrifices (祭祀)" and "legends" mostly appeared in the 1950s and 1980s, and after the 1990s, "climbing" and "overlooking" mostly appeared. Fourth, the landscape elements of Mount Tai are concentrated in Daiding (岱顶) and Dai Temple (岱庙) in all periods in terms of spatial distribution. This will become an important space for Mount Tai scenic spots in the future. Moreover, as a whole, the landscape elements of Mount Tai have changed from the concentrated distribution form in Mount Tai scenic spot to the scattered distribution form including Mount Tai and Tai'an City. This will provide necessary enlightenment for the landscape preservation and the re-production of guidebooks of Mount Tai scenic spot in the future.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.103-118
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• 2017

It is expected that the integrated control service of the public sector will be increased for the safety of citizens in the future. Therefore, In this study, we analyzed the classification of CCTV control center and the characteristics of interior design. The survey was conducted at eight control centers in Seoul that were constructed since 2007 and analyzed according to the criteria of general matters, services, spatial basic information, spatial structure, and internal structure. The results of the survey are summarized as follows. Based on the results of the study, the Integrated Control Center is a space where the ratio of the physical environment is not high but performs important tasks for the citizens of the city, which are operated 24 hours a day, and security and security. It is characterized by the efficient space allocation for the treatment, the design of the moving line, and the connection according to the urgent work flow. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for other integrated control center environment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2B
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• pp.169-175
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• 2008

The clear-water scour experiments were conducted to shed light on the unsteadiness of the horseshoe vortex around a bridge pier since the fluctuations of velocity components and unsteadiness of the horseshoe vortex can be considered as one of the main factors on local scour. The characteristics of the flow speed and turbulence around a bridge pier was examined using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) and the flow visualization with kaolin clay particles upstream of a bridge pier. The outcomes of this study on the turbulence characteristics related with scour mechanism were presented with the quadrant analysis, the integral time scales, and the bed shear stresses before and after scouring, respectively. The bed shear stress before scouring was approximately quadruple times higher than that of the equilibriums state. It implies that the unsteadiness of the horseshoe vortex would play a significant role in the initial development of scour depth. Therefore, the bimodal distribution of flow velocity was identified as one of the mechanical properties of the horseshoe vortex and the unsteadiness of horseshoe vortex can be one of the major characteristics to understand the flow sturucture and local pier scour.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5B
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• pp.535-546
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• 2008

Urbanization results in increased runoff volume and flowrate and shortening in time of concentration, which may cause frequent flooding downstream. The retardation structures are used to eliminate adverse downstream effects of urban stormwater runoff. There are various types of flow retardation measures include detention basin, retention basin, and infiltration basin. In this study, to present a rough standard about location of detention pond for attenuating peak flow of urban area, the runoff reduction effect is analyzed at outlet point when detention pond is located to upstream drainage than outlet. The runoff reduction effects are analyzed under the three assumed basins. These basins have longitudinal shape (SF = 0. 204), concentration shape (SF = 0. 782), and middle shape (SF = 0.567). Numerous variables in connection with the storage effect of detention pond and the runoff reduction effects are analyzed by changing the location of detention pond. To analyze runoff reduction effect by location of single detention pond, Dimensionless Upstream Area Ratio (DUAR) is changed to 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% according to the basin shape. In case of multiple detention pond, DUAR is changed to 60%, 80%, 100%, 120%, and 140% only under the middle shape basin (SF = 0.567). Related figures and regression equations to determine the location of detention pond are obtained from above analysis of two cases in this study. These results can be used to determine the location of appropriate detention pond corresponding to the any runoff reduction such as storage ratio and peak flow ratio in urban watershed.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3D
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• pp.205-213
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• 2010

The unsignalized intersections in a community road in the city of Seoul have 3,753 traffic accidents(9%) of total 41,702 cases in 2008, not high in the occurrence rate of traffic accidents, but seem to have a quite high potential of accidents due to the unreasonable and insufficient operation of systems and facilities in the part of traffic foundations. In particular, the un-signalized intersections in a community road have an insufficient measure for safety as compared to the crossroads with signals, and there are few analysis of traffic accidents and domestic researches on the model of affecting factors. Our country also has no concept of passing priority in operating a crossroad without signals, differently from foreign countries, so the researches and safety measures for improving the safety of a crossroad without signals in a community road are urgent. Therefore, this research has developed a safety model for a crossroad without signals in a community road based on the safety image data collected through individual interviews and questionnaires for the users of unsignalized intersections in a community road, and confirmed that legal systems, road facilities, personal factors, etc. have the biggest effect on the safety of drivers. It was confirmed that the clarity of passing methods, establishment of legal systems, etc. have the biggest effect on safety in order to raise the safety of unsignalized intersections in a community road, which drivers desire.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.118-124
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• 2023

Objectives : Depressive disorder and anxiety disorder frequently co-occur, even at sub-threshold level. This study aims to identify network structure of co-morbid depression and anxiety at symptom level in nonclinical population and to reveal the central symptoms and bridge symptoms of the co-morbidity. Methods : This study was based on 2022 Asan Youth Mental Health Screening. Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7) were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms of 810 young adult participants from community sample. Network structure of co-morbid depressive and anxiety symptoms was estimated by Isingfit model. Results : Depressed mood, Restlessness and Nervousness were the most central symptoms in the network. Bridge symptoms between anxiety and depression were Restlessness and Irritability. Conclusions : This study revealed key central symptoms and bridge symptoms of co-morbid depression and anxiety in nonclinical population and provided potential insight for treatment targets to reduce co-morbidity.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.5_4
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• pp.1075-1084
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• 2023

Satellite-derived data is collected by observing the Earth and is used in various fields such as national defense, natural disasters, location-based services, infrastructure, environment, energy, marine, and insurance. This study aims to present the virtuous cycle structure of the satellite information data industry and the business ecosystem model of the industry. As a research method, cases were collected and categorized from the following areas: literature, online, application, and content. The results show that the ecosystem model of the satellite information data industry provides an approach to content services in public and commercial areas, and develops various algorithmic technologies to facilitate content production and services at the level of complex general-purpose technologies. Second, in terms of content typology, satellite information data can be subdivided into monitoring content, urban space monitoring content, and satellite information content. Third, the consumption value of satellite content could be subdivided into informational value, environmental, social and governance (ESG) value, educational value, and content value. In order to expand the global content market, Korea will need to focus on creating an ecosystem for the satellite information industry and discovering differentiated content. It will also need to increase the popularization and accessibility of data to the general public and promote the Korean K-Satellite Information Data Industry ecosystem through government support, policy efforts, and policies such as establishing legal systems, increasing investment, and training human resources.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.267-276
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• 2023

Based on the tourism input-output data of five provinces and cities in China's Bohai Rim region from 2015~2021, this study analyzes the efficiency of regional tourism using DEA-BCC and DEA-Malmquist index, as well as its contribution to regional economic efficiency, and identifies factors influencing the comprehensive efficiency. The research results indicate that the comprehensive efficiency of the tourism industry in the China Bohai Sea region has reached an optimal level of 88.9%, but there is still room for improvement, with overall fluctuations. The overall productivity of the tourism industry exhibits a "U"-shaped fluctuating pattern, with growth mainly driven by technological advancements. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the region experienced a nearly 50% decrease in total factor productivity in 2019~2020. However, in 2021, with the implementation of various government stimulus policies, the tourism efficiency rapidly recovered to 80% of pre-pandemic levels. In terms of the impact of the tourism industry on the regional economy in the China Bohai Sea region, Hebei Province stands out as a significant contributor. Based on the aforementioned research findings, the following recommendations are proposed in three aspects: optimizing the supply structure, increasing innovation investment, and strengthening internal collaboration. These recommendations provide valuable insights for enhancing regional tourism efficiency and promoting regional synergy.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.127-142
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• 2024

This study aimed to understand the interrelationships between tree species in plant communities through Plant Social Network (PSN) analysis using a large amount of vegetation data surveyed in an island area belonging to a warm-temperate boreal forest. The Machilus thunbergii, Castanopsis sieboldii, and Ligustrum japonicum, which belong to the canopy layer, Pittosporum tobira and Ardisia japonica, which belong to the shrub layer and Trachelospermum asiaticum and Stauntonia hexaphylla, which belong to the vines, appearing in evergreen broad-leaved climax forest community, showed strong positive association(+) with each other. These tree species had a negative association or no friendly relationship with deciduous broad-leaved species due to the large difference in location environments. Divided into 4 group modularizations in the PSN sociogram, evergreen broad-leaved tree species in Group I and deciduous broad-leaved tree species in Group II showed high centrality and connectivity. It was analyzed that the arrangement of tree species (nodes) and the degree of connection (grouping) of the sociogram can indirectly estimate environmental factors and characteristics of plant communities like DCA. Tree species with high centrality and influence in the PSN included T. asiaticum, Eurya japonica, Lindera obtusiloba, and Styrax japonicus. These tree species are common with a wide range of ecological niches and appear to have the characteristics and survival strategies of opportunistic species that commonly appear in forest gaps and damaged areas. They will play a major role in inter-species interactions and structural and functional changes in plant communities. In the future, long-term research and in-depth discussions are needed to determine how these species actually influence plant community changes through interactions