• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.3D
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• pp.433-439
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• 2011

The frost depth(frost penetration) is used to install anti-frost heave layers in pavement designs. The freezing index is calculated by an annual accumulated value of multiplying the period of time with temperatures below zero, and the corresponding temperature. Therefore, the DAAT(daily average air temperature) calculation method may play an effect on the FI(freezing index). The Weather Observatory used to supply 4 average air temperatures per day, but currently supplies 8 per day. With this study, we divided the southern part(below FI=$350^{\circ}C{\cdot}day$) of the Korean peninsula into 6 areas according to site conditions(low embankment, embankment-cutting slope, and the cutting slope) and established a field measurement system for 15 positions to check the effects on the result of FI according to differing DAAT calculation methods. The air temperatures obtained by the field measurement system was used to calculate and compare the FI. As a result, the freezing index calculated based on the $DAAT_4(T_4)$ is normally greater by 3% than the one on $DAAT_8(T_8)$. In addition, the calibration equation for the freezing index using air temperatures was proposed through the research.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.67-78
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• 2017

Traffic congestion cost is increasing annually. Specifically congestion caused by the CDB traffic contains more than a half of the total congestion cost. Recent advancement in the field of Big Data, AI paved the way to industry revolution 4.0. And, these new technologies creates tremendous changes in the traffic information dissemination. Eventually, accurate and timely traffic information will give a positive impact on decreasing traffic congestion cost. This study, therefore, focused on developing both recurrent and non-recurrent congestion prediction models on urban roads by adopting Recurrent Neural Network(RNN), a tribe in machine learning. Two hidden layers with scaled conjugate gradient backpropagation algorithm were selected, and tested. Result of the analysis driven the authors to 25 meaningful links out of 33 total links that have appropriate mean square errors. Authors concluded that RNN model is a feasible model to predict congestion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2000

Water, waste, electric and gas facilities are urban based facilities that needed in our life and are often located in underground. Therefore, underground facilities are more difficult to manage efficiently than ground facilities. It is needed to carry out survey/probe into underground facilities and to build database in order to prevent city-misfortunes being occurred because of negligent management and in order to minimize budget-waste and a traffic jam according to repetition of road excavation constructions. Also, the development of application system is required to manage efficiently underground facility. Chonju city has launched underground water supply facility computerizing project as a part of National Geographic Information System project until December 1998 and executed survey/probe into 402.89 km water supply that is 80 mm up inside central town area 39.6 $km^2$. Also, chonju city built database into 537 km water supply that is 80 mm below based on water supply card without other survey/probe works. Also, existing work process each department is changed into GIS applied work process and underground water supply facility management system is developed by its work process basis. Water supply underground facility management system that is developed is composed of sub-system like base-map management, water supply inspect, water supply management and water supply inquiry, construction work management, administration management and map management. This research presents the procedure and method of underground water supply facility survey/probe and problem being occurred during survey/probe procedure and also show the functions of each sub-systems composing underground water supply facility management system.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.6
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• pp.657-664
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• 2001

The Information Technology has progressed to the open architecture, component, and multimedia services under Internet, ensuring interoperability, reusability, and realtime. The GIS is a system processing geo-spatial information such as natural resources, buildings, roads, and many kinds of facilities in the earth. The spatial information featured by complexity and diversity requires interoperability and reusability of pre-built databases under open architecture. This paper is for the development of component based open GIS Software. The goal of the open GIS component software is a middleware of GIS combining technology of open architecture and component ensuring interoperability of spatial information and reusability of elementary pieces of GIS software. The open GIS component conforms to the distributed open architecture for spatial information proposed by OGC (Open GIS Consortium). The system consists of data provider components, kernel (MapBase) components, clearinghouse components and five kinds of GIS application of local governments. The data provider component places a unique OLE DB interface to connect and access diverse data sources independent of their formats and locations. The MapBase component supports core and common technology of GIS feasible for various applications. The clearinghouse component provides functionality about discovery and access of spatial information under Internet. The system is implemented using ATL/COM and Visual C++ under MicroSoft's Windows environment and consisted of more than 20 components. As we made case study for KSDI (Korea Spatial Data Infrastructure) sharing spatial information between local governments, the advantage of component based open GIS software was proved. Now, we are undertaking another case study for sharing seven kinds of underground facilities using the open GIS component software.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.313-322
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• 2004

Product design has direct effects on sales, exciting consumer's interest in purchasing. With the draft bill of Road Traffic Law passing the National Assembly, drivers have been entirely prohibited by the law from using a cell phone while driving since June 30, 2001, As a result, the demand for and the sales of hands-free Kit products for vehicles have been skyrocketing, and more and more of them have been introduced in the market and competing each other in sales. In these situations, the study attempted to present a case study showing the whole process of product design by a small company, which intended to gain an advantage over the competitors in the sector of hands-free products for vehicles with differentiated design. The product whose design development process was presented in the study has many characteristics. Among them it is the most remarkable in removing the connection between the cell phone terminal and the stationary hands-free product. The study was aimed to increase the investment value of design by helping understand that the ultimate goal of technology is commercialization and that how great the role of design is from the beginning to the final stage of product development. It also emphasized the point that one of the goals of design development should lie in providing a more accurate perception of the importance of design to the industry, by establishing a design process throughout the whole stages of product development including initiation, designing and commercialization.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.179-189
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• 2019

Korea's transportation paradigm is shifting from a vehicle-centered to a pedestrian-oriented society. Therefore, the interest in pedestrian safety and the improvement of pedestrian environment is also increasing. However, the level of traffic safety in Korea is still severe. It is needed to improve pedestrian safety and pedestrian environment. This study studied pedestrian-vehicle accident data provided by the Traffic Accident Analysis System(TAAS) for 2013-2015 to build a safe walking environment around school zones, and the relation between the school zones and pedestrian-vehicle traffic accidents were identified through the geographic information system(GIS) and spatial regression model. The main results are as follows. First, both road and public transportation factors are likely to increase pedestrian traffic accidents in school zones. Second, regarding land-use factors, residential, commercial, and industrial areas are found to increase pedestrian traffic crashes. On the other hand, mixed use is likely to play a role on the reduction of pedestrian traffic accidents. Finally, it has been shown that high development density also has a positive effect on pedestrian traffic accidents in school zones.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1161-1175
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• 2018

An unexpected event could be easily followed by a large secondary accident due to the limitation in sight of drivers in road tunnels. Therefore, a series of automated incident detection systems have been under operation, which, however, appear in very low detection rates due to very low image qualities on CCTVs in tunnels. In order to overcome that limit, deep learning based tunnel incident detection system was developed, which already showed high detection rates in November of 2017. However, since the object detection process could deal with only still images, moving direction and speed of moving vehicles could not be identified. Furthermore it was hard to detect stopping and reverse the status of moving vehicles. Therefore, apart from the object detection, an object tracking method has been introduced and combined with the detection algorithm to track the moving vehicles. Also, stopping-reverse discrimination algorithm was proposed, thereby implementing into the combined incident detection processes. Each performance on detection of stopping, reverse driving and fire incident state were evaluated with showing 100% detection rate. But the detection for 'person' object appears relatively low success rate to 78.5%. Nevertheless, it is believed that the enlarged richness of image big-data could dramatically enhance the detection capacity of the automatic incident detection system.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.101-107
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• 2020

Road surface measurement is an essential process for quantifying the degree and displacement of roughness in road surface management. For safer road surface management and quick maintenance, it is important to accurately measure the road surface while mounted on a vehicle. In this paper, we propose a sophisticated road surface measurement system that can be measured on a moving vehicle. The proposed road surface measurement system supports more accurate measurement of the road surface by using a high-performance line laser sensor. It is also possible to measure the transverse and longitudinal profile by matching the position information acquired from the RTK, and the velocity adaptive update algorithm allows a manager to monitor in a real-time manner. In order to evaluate the proposed system, the Gocator laser sensor, MRP module, and NVIDIA Xavier processor were mounted on a test mobile and tested on the road surface. Our evaluation results demonstrate that our system measures accurate profile base on the MSE. Our proposed system can be used not only for evaluating the condition of roads but also for evaluating the impact of adjacent excavation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.234-252
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• 2020

This paper is to verify the effectiveness of 'Hybrid Disaster Management Strategy' that integrates 'RTM(Real-time Monitoring) based On-line' and 'UAV based Off-line' system. For landslide prone area where sensors were installed, the conventional way of risk management so far has entirely relied on RTM data collected from the field through the instrumentation devices. But it's not enough due to the limitation of'Pin-point sensor'which tend to provide with only the localized information where sensors have stayed fixed. It lacks, therefore, the whole picture to be grasped. In this paper, utilizing 'Digital Photogrammetry Software Pix4D', the possibility of inference for the deformation of ungauged area has been reviewed. For this purpose, actual measurement data from RTM were compared with the estimated value from 3D point cloud outcome by UAV, and the consequent results has shown very accurate in terms of RMSE.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.117-132
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• 2020

The study studied ways to improve the adjustment of the cadastral reform project after analyzing and evaluating the method of determining the boundaries and the overall status of the adjustment, focusing on cases of complaints in the business district in Sejong City, where the re-investigation project was completed. Measures to improve the adjustment amount of the cadastral reform project were largely divided into boundary adjustment and improvement measures according to the scope of area allowance and institutional improvement. According to an analysis of the status of boundary adjustment in Sejong City, the boundary of the cadastral reform project was being adjusted in various ways, and among them, it was found that it is simple to adjust, to formalize parcels, and that many adjustments are being made centering on resolving blind areas by establishing new roads. When setting such a boundary, it is necessary to establish an efficient and reasonable boundary by actively encouraging sufficient consultation with owners and an adjustment boundary that reflects the personal will of landowners to minimize disputes over the adjustment amount. In terms of improvement measures based on the area limit, it is necessary to accurately record and preserve the results of the cadastral resurvey in numerical data and to ease or exempt the adjustment amount if it is within the area permissible scope of the Spatial Data Management Act when calculating the adjustment amount. Finally, in relation to the adjustment, it was judged that it would be necessary to provide long-term low-interest loans to their own land to landowners, and that it would be necessary to calculate the adjustment through appraisal calculated by third parties fairly and objectively based on value judgment.