• Title/Summary/Keyword: 도로공간

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A Study on Human Sensitivity Engineered Internal Landscape by Lighting Colors in Tunnels using LISREL Model (LISREL 모헝을 이용한 조명색채별 감성공학적 터널 내부경관 연구)

  • Park, Il-Dong;Ji, Kil-Ryong;Imm, Sung-bin;Kum, Ki-Jung
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.22 no.4 s.75
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    • pp.97-106
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    • 2004
  • It is a Known fact that driving through long tunnel increases possibility of traffic accident because of psychological feeling of insecurity and dispersion of drivers' concentration since driving in narrow and limited space for a longtime. It, therefore, results in raising transportation and environment problems, such as traffic accident difficult to be properly dealt with and ventilation. This study aims at proposing a method of augmenting driving amenity by improving the internal lighting facilities in the tunnel. The study is conducted by investigating internal landscapes of tunnels by lighting colors, which are currently being operated. The Color Planning System (CPS), developed by SHARP Co. Ltd, is exploited for selecting adjective that express the sensitivity image on lighting colors. The CPS is an example that applies to sensitivity of human body for products design development. The CPS takes the following process to define the color : 1) expressing "Pvoduct's Image" as "A Word (adjective)" and 2) referring "A Word" to "Image Scale", and 3) determining the color through this "Image Panel". The study is processed by making a questionnaire using the semantic differential (SD) scale, grasping the consciousness structure of experimental persons through the Factor Analysis, and building a model in which dependent variable is "Degree of Preference" about internal landscape in tunnel using LISREL(LInear Structural RELations).

A Study on the Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers in Bucheon Area (부천지역의 지하수 대수층의 수리적 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, So-Hee;Lee, Yoon-Jin
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.626-633
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    • 2006
  • Bucheon city has been rapidly urbanized and steadily enlarged. Also, the city depends on groundwater as an alternative water resource. The objective of this study is to characterize the hydrogeology in this city including the recharge of groundwater and hydraulic property of an aquifer in order to investigate the chemical characteristics and contamination of groundwater in the Bucheon area. Eleven groundwater wells in the Bucheon area were selected for applying certain hydraulic tests, such as pumping and recovery tests. Theis method and Theis recovery method were used to obtain hydraulic parameters, such as hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity by applying recovery tests. The playground of school and uncovered areas layed a major function of recharging areas. The groundwater well in these areas showed high recharge, transmissivity, and hydraulic conductivity. In a downtown area, groundwaier wells showed low pumping capacity and hydraulic parameters. Groundwater samples were collected from 48 different locations in the Bucheon area and that showed very various chemical composition in groundwater Their electrical conductivity showed various ranges from 70.4 to $1,287{\mu}S/cm$. The composition more significantly affected the groundwater due to the land use and urbanization than that of the aquifer rock type.

A Study on Compensation of Land according to the Spatial Properties -In case Compensation of Public Housing District- (공간정보 속성에 따른 토지보상액 결정에 관한 연구 -공공주택지구 보상사례를 중심으로-)

  • Moon, Jae-Hyeok;Lee, Myeong-Hun
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.16 no.11
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    • pp.188-198
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    • 2016
  • In order to supply the residential land for the promotion of public welfare, it must take a land of city suburb. That land have the difference in thinking is large for the determination of land prices to a variety of development pressure and land use regulations. In the process of executing a public project, the difference of these ideas has become a cause of conflict. Therefore, through objective study for the determination of land prices, to reduce the difference of ideas is going to be a clue of conflict resolution. This study selected the case area that is typical public district of many conflict, and then fix a compensation unit price like fair price as dependent variable. The selected variables through previous studies and expert consultation was an independent variable. To analyze the impact factors of land prices in the hedonic price model. The results were analyzed by distinguishing the group on the basis of the zoning and using, whether or not the site of the building in part that there is influence variable, the aspects of accessibility and regulation in part degree of influence variable came out different results for each group. It is analyzed that it reasonable results. Add selected site assimilation of the building that have not been presented in previous studies as a variable and which was applied at a rate to a variable of road have improved in more expliction of the influence of variables.

Actual Vegetation of Dodamsambong (Scenic Site no. 44) and Danyangseokmoon (Scenic Site no. 45) in Danyang-gun (단양군 도담삼봉과 단양석문 일대의 현존식생)

  • Choi, Byoung-Ki
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.116-123
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    • 2014
  • The description of vegetation cover and floral composition was undertaken in terms of phytosociological study in Dodamsambong(scenic site no. 44) and Danyangseokmoon(no. 45). In this study a total of 17 $relev{\acute{e}}s$ containing 144 taxa were collected and analyzed. Eight plant communities are differentiated, grouped into 4 physiognomic types: forest type(Buxus microphylla var. koreana-Thuja orientalis community, Tilia mandshurica-Quercus variabilis community, and Cynanchum wilfordii-Pinus densiflora community), mantle type(Cardamine leucantha-Neillia uekii community), secondary meadow type(Galium kinuta-Spodiopogon sibiricus community, Diarthron linifolium-Zoysia japonica community), and crevice type(Patrinia rupestris-Selaginella stauntoniana community, Hypodematium glandulosopilosum community). The vegetation of Dodamsambong and Danyangseokmoon is characterized by local flora, such as calciphilous plants, geological distribution-limit species, and endemic species. The soil depth, slope, and human impact have been identified as the most important differentiating ecological factors. Buxus microphylla var. koreana-Thuja orientalis community, Tilia mandshurica-Quercus variabilis community, and Patrinia rupestris-Selaginella stauntoniana community were evaluated highly by National Vegetation Naturalness. In order to restore the value of specific landscape for scenic site, we should improve the problems of protected area such as wrong management on habitat, forest fragmentation by facilities and decline in vegetation by lack of growing the next succession.

Spatial Distributions of On-road Ultrafine Particle Number Concentration on Naebu Express Way in Seoul during Winter Season (겨울철 서울 내부순환로 도로상 초미세입자 오염의 공간분포 특징)

  • Woo, Daekwang;Lee, Seung-Bok;Lee, Seung Jae;Kim, Jin Young;Jin, Hyun Chul;Kim, Taesung;Bae, Gwi-Nam
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.10-26
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    • 2013
  • To understand the traffic emissions with high temporal and spatial resolutions on road, a mobile laboratory was developed. The objective of this study is to characterize on-road air pollution on Naebu express way surrounding the northern area of Seoul, Korea. We measured the number concentration of ultrafine particles larger than 5 nm and particle size distribution using a condensation particle counter and a fast mobility particle sizer, respectively on 3, 7, and 8 December 2009. The average ultrafine particle number concentration on the Naebu express way excluding tunnels was 126,000 particles/$cm^3$ and 4.2 times higher than that on internal road at Korea Institute of Science and Technology in Seoul, and more than twice higher than that measured on and at the arterial roads of Seoul in previous studies. The maximum ultrafine particle number concentration was observed at the tunnel sections. It was 232,000 particles/$cm^3$ and 1.8 times higher than average ultrafine particle number concentration for the other sections on Naebu express way. The ultrafine particle number concentration on the wider roads with higher traffic volume along the Han River was similar to that in the residential section, probably because of enhanced dilution effect in widely open environment. The size distribution of particles on the Naebu express way was highly fluctuated for a short duration. Ultrafine particles measured at the tunnel showed a bimodal size distribution with mode diameters of ~10 nm and ~50 nm. At the Han riverside section, ~10 nm particles appeared significantly compared with size distribution at the tunnel. This on-road measurement approach can be utilized to manage vehicle-related air pollution in urban area.

The Analysis of Effect of Surface Shape and Pattern of Noise Barrier Panel on the Noise Reduction (방음벽 전면형상에 따른 소음 효과 분석에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, IlHo;Ahn, Hosang;Park, Jong-Bin;Kim, Gwang Soo;Lee, Ju Haeng;Ko, Junhee
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.34 no.12
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    • pp.835-839
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    • 2012
  • In recent decades, a lot of noise barriers have been installed along paved road in order to reduce the road induced noise, which increases as traffic volume grows. For better range of sight, transparent noise barriers are widely installed despite of reflecting noise. In this study, the effect of surface shape and pattern of noise barriers on the reduction of reflecting noise was analyzed to maximize the noise reduction. According to the number of shape and pattern, it was observed that there were noise reduction effect as of 0.9~1.5 dB(A). It was found that the spatial field where the noise concentrates or disperses changes according to the width of blocks on the barriers as well. It suggests that there might be possibility of surface shape modification to optimize the noise reduction technology.

Reinforcement of Collapsed Railway Subgrade and Line Capacity Increase Using Short Reinforcement with Rigid Wall (짧은 보강재와 일체형 강성벽체를 활용한 철도 붕괴노반 보강 및 선로용량 증대 기술)

  • Kim, Dae-Sang
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.11
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    • pp.604-609
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    • 2016
  • This study evaluated the long-term performance of RSR (Reinforced Subgrade for Railways) technology which increases the railway line capacity without the need for additional land. Its characteristics include the use of a short reinforcement with rigid wall, which make it possible to apply it in confined spaces. The 7m high and 40m long testbed employed to evaluate the long-term performance was designed and constructed near Jupo station on the Chang-hang line. This line, located close to a local bus route, had collapsed at the subgrade following heavy rainfall. The performance of the new type of subgrade was verified with long term measurements over a 2 year period including the surface and ground settlement, horizontal displacement of the wall, tensile strain of the reinforcement, and settlement of the rail top on the side track. Based on the results of the measurements made until now, we concluded that it had sufficient safety and serviceability for use as a railway subgrade. It is expected that RSR technology could be frequently used at sites which lack the necessary construction materials for an embankment and are located close to functional railway lines and boundaries, in order to settle civil complaints.

An experimental study on the smoke-spread region before reaching the critical velocity for the case of fires in tunnels employing longitudinal ventilation system (종류식 환기 시스템에서 임계속도 도달 전 스모크 확산 영역에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Ki, Young-Min;Yoon, Sung-Wook;Yoon, Chan-Hoon;Kim, Jin
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.16 no.6 s.65
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    • pp.526-535
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    • 2006
  • An experimental study was carried out on a reduced scale tunnel model to grasp the behavioral feature of fire-induced smoke in the long tunnels. Based on Froude modeling, the 1/50 scaled tunnel model (20 m long) was constructed by acrylic tubes and paraffin gas was released inside the tunnel to simulate the 20 MW fire-induced smoke. me test results show, that after approximately 2 minutes of fire generation, was descended from the tunnel ceiling through the decrease of buoyancy, then it was symmetrically propagated about 90 meters for 4 minutes before jet fans were operated. The smoke was effectively controlled when the jet fans were operated and an air stream velocity was getting closed to reach a critical velocity (the minimum air velocity that requires to suppress the smoke spreading against the longitudinal ventilation flow during the tunnel fire situations). It was also found out that a range of smoke was spreaded about 3 meters from the origin of fire but the range was not propagated to the escape direction anymore. The early stage of the In operation, however, showed that the smoke was hardly controlled. It means that the operation of emergency ventilation system has many dangerous factors such as an intercepting breathing zone.

Urban Area Building Reconstruction Using High Resolution SAR Image (고해상도 SAR 영상을 이용한 도심지 건물 재구성)

  • Kang, Ah-Reum;Lee, Seung-Kuk;Kim, Sang-Wan
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.361-373
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    • 2013
  • The monitoring of urban area, target detection and building reconstruction have been actively studied and investigated since high resolution X-band SAR images could be acquired by airborne and/or satellite SAR systems. This paper describes an efficient approach to reconstruct artificial structures (e.g. apartment, building and house) in urban area using high resolution X-band SAR images. Building footprint was first extracted from 1:25,000 digital topographic map and then a corner line of building was detected by an automatic detecting algorithm. With SAR amplitude images, an initial building height was calculated by the length of layover estimated using KS-test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) from the corner line. The interferometric SAR phases were simulated depending on SAR geometry and changable building heights ranging from -10 m to +10 m of the initial building height. With an interferogram from real SAR data set, the simulation results were compared using the method of the phase consistency. One of results can be finally defined as the reconstructed building height. The developed algorithm was applied to repeat-pass TerraSAR-X spotlight mode data set over an apartment complex in Daejeon city, Korea. The final building heights were validated against reference heights extracted from LiDAR DSM, with an RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of about 1~2m.

Analytical Determination of Optimal Transit Stop Spacing (최적 정류장 간격의 해석적 연구)

  • Park, Jun-Sik;Go, Seung-Yeong;Lee, Cheong-Won;Kim, Jeom-San
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.145-154
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    • 2007
  • Determining stop spacing is a very important process in transit system planning. This study is involved in an analytical approach to decide the transit stop spacing. Transit stop spacing should be longer as 1) user access speed, 2) user travel time, and 3) dwell time increase, and shorter as 1) passengers (boardings and alightings) and 2) headway increase. In this study, a methodology is proposed to determine transit stop spacing to minimize total cost (user cost plus operator cost) with irregular passenger distribution (boardings and alightings) Without considering in-vehicle passengers, the transit stop spacing should be shorter in the concentrated sections of the passenger distribution than in others to minimize total cost. Through the conceptual analysis, it is verified that the transit stop spacing could be longer as the in-vehicle passengers increase in certain sections. This study proposes a simple practical method to determine transit stop spacing and locations instead of a dynamic programming method which generally includes a complex and difficult calculation. If the space axis is changed to a time axis. the methodology of this study could be expanded to analyze a solution for the transit service (or headway) schedule problem.