• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.76-84
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• 2010

Darangyi paddy in Namhae Gachon village provides natural beauty with its distinct location. Darangyi is a traditional Korean landscape, shaping a circular form to serve continuous cultivation. Despite the paddy's landscape, it is difficult to preserve its natural scenery due to many factors such as inadequate visual analysis. Under the belief that there is a necessity to preserve Darangyi paddy, the research in visual features of the paddy began to illustrate the relevance between its viewpoint and landscape objects. First, we researched typical view structures. When considering the visual features, Darangyi paddy landscape objects has a viewpoint from the horizontality to its below, which its center area is about $-5^{\circ}{\sim}-30^{\circ}$. From the analyzed data, the scenary of Darangyi paddy, which most people agree its decency, is formed in a visually decent location. The above type of measure of visual structure in Darangyi paddy is expected to be applied in maintenance of foothold of views in the future. Second, the surrounding elements play important parts to form the whole landscape of Gachon Darangyi paddy. Although Darangyi paddy is the principal part of the scenary, the landscape analysis showed a high relevance with the paddy's identity, forest around the paddy, sky, ocean, settlements, and the roads in terms of visual perception. It was affirmed that those elements around the paddy play important parts in structuring and providing the beauty of the whole landscape. Various viewy objects are seen obvious especially in a long distance, and the splendid scenary proved that those viewy objects are in indispensable location. In order to preserve the paddy, it seems necessary to consider the surrounding envrionment of Darangyi paddy, not just the paddy's sole landscape form. Third, Darangyi paddy has a distinct seasonal characteristics. According to the survey analysis, the full heading time in spring and time when people can take a picture against the sun light proved magnificence of Darangyi paddy. Thus, it would be ideal to maintain Darangyi paddy by securing the sunlight condition with decent landscape view and the views from its surrounding environments or researching the ways to principally maintain the surrounding environments.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.87-97
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• 2015

There's a trend towards vitalization of nightscape planning businesses nationally and locally as well for city image making and activation of regional economy, but there is still no systematic nightscape planning going on for lack of relevant researches and objective evaluations. This study aims to suggest the guideline for nightscape planning by conducting an eye tracking experiment and survey for recognizing the characteristics of a nightscape. Furthermore, the authors intended to verify the eye-tracking method as a tool for landscape evaluation. The research site was restricted in the campus of Virginia Tech, VA, and those were selected by experts' survey among various types of nightscape images. The variables for analyzing the characteristics of nightscape images selected were 'preference', 'safety(fear)' and 'clearness'. 'Fixation duration', 'saccade duration', 'scan path length', and 'pupil size' were selected as the eye movement measurements. The results of this study are as follows: The first outcome found was that there were significant differences among the characteristics(preference, safety and clearness) of a nightscape by MANOVA, and these variables were correlated positively by Pearson's correlation. Secondly, there were differences on fixation duration, saccade duration and scan path depending on the nightscape setting statistically. Also, the eye tracking measurement in an open setting was recorded lower than enclosed settings. In the result of a heat map, we found the meaning of the fixated areas on both viewing without intention and viewing intentionally. It turned out that the fixated areas were consistent with the areas the subjects felt preferred and clarity in all of the nightscape images, which means people usually focus on what they prefer and see clearly in a certain nightscape. Based on this result and previous studies, the authors could make a conclusion that eye tracking method can apply to evaluate nightscape settings in terms of analyzing the whole characteristics and finding specific points for the detailed analysis as well. Therefore, these results can contribute by suggesting nightscape planning, implication of the landscape evaluation, and implication of the eye tracking study.

• 공원문화
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• s.11
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• pp.52-55
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• 1979

자연보호운동이 범국민적으로 전개되어 새로운 자연에의 가치관이 뿌리를 내리고 있음에 자연의 대표적 경관지인 국립공원의 세계속에 역사적배경을 깊이 알고져하는 독자들의 관심을 다소나마 충족시켜보려는 의도에서 일본국립공원 협회지에 소개된 자료(동량삼저)를 초역한다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.115-117
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• 2019

가축의 사양관리(사육밀도 사료), 환경오염 방지, 주변 경관과의 조화 등 축사 내 외부를 깨끗하게 관리하여 악취 발생을 미언에 방지하고 가축분뇨를 신속 적정하게 처리함으로써 쾌적한 도시 농촌지역의 환경조성과 지속가능한 축산업 발전에 이바지하는 축산농장인 깨끗한 축산농장을 통해 사랑받는 축산업으로 발전하고자 하는 노력이 지속되는 가운데 깨끗한 축산농장 우수사례로 발표된 농장이 있어 본지가 경기도 용인시에 위치한 꼬꼬농장의 변연록 대표를 찾았다.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.30-51
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• 2011

During the process of modernization, many rural villages in Korea have experienced degeneration and breakdown, losing sustainability. However, Oeam village in Asan City, South Chungcheong Province (State-designated cultural heritage, Important Folk Material No. 236) has established itself as a unique folk village, which evolves with sustainability, pursuing the revival of Neo-traditionalism. Oeam village is a tribal village of the Yis from the Yean region and has maintained environmental, economic, and social sustainability and soundness for over five centuries. Thus, the village has sustained itself well enough to be a cultural asset with 'Outstanding Universal Value', in terms of its value as world cultural heritage. The village maintains its own identity, filled with a variety of traditional and scenic cultural assets that symbolize a gentry village. Those assets include Confucian sceneries (head family houses, ancestral shrines, tombs, gravestones, commemorative monuments, and pavilions), various assets of folk religion (totem poles, protective trees at the entrance of a village, shrines for mountain spirits, village forests), tangible and intangible cultural assets related to daily lives (vigorous family activities, rigorous ancestral rituals, family rituals, collective agriculture and protection of ecosystem), which have all been well preserved and inherited. In particular, this village is an example of a well-being community with a well-preserved folksy atmosphere, which is based on environmentally sound settlements (nature + economy + environment + community) in a village established according to geomancy, East Asia's unique principle of environmental design. In addition, the village has kept the sustainability and authenticity for more than 500 years, combining restraint towards the environment and the view of the environment which respects the natural order and cultural values (capacity + healthy + sustainability). Therefore, the Oeam folk village can be a representative example of a folksy and scenic Korean community which falls into the category of IV (to exemplify an outstanding type of building, architectural or technological ensemble, or landscape which illustrates significant stages in human history) and V (to exemplify an outstanding traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of cultures, or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change) of Unesco's World Cultural Heritage.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.19-28
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• 2016

Digital games are generating various types of virtual landscape and the importance of virtual landscape has been arises. However, there has not been any research done how to design the virtual landscape. To establish virtual landscape design methodology, establishing the classification system and suggesting the representative type of virtual landscape is needed. With this research, I collected the classification standard and established five standards; story, cooperation, interaction level, dimensions and shape of the space. With that system, I classified digital game and could prove the effectiveness. Also by classifying cases through 20 years of timeline, I could come out with three representative types. This result will work as a reference to the future research; establishing design methodology on virtual landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.69-79
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• 2022

This study aims to assess the current understanding of the landscape of wind power facilities as renewable energy sources that supply sightseeing, tourism, and other opportunities. Therefore, social media data related to the landscape of wind power facilities experienced by visitors from different regions was analyzed. The analysis results showed that the common characteristics of the landscape of wind power facilities are based on the scale of wind power facilities, the distance between overlook points of wind power facilities, the visual openness of the wind power facilities from the overlook points, and the terrain where the wind power facilities are located. In addition, the preference for wind power facilities is higher in places where the shape of wind power facilities and the surrounding landscape can be clearly seen- flat ground or the sea are considered better landscapes. Negative keywords about the landscape appear on Gade Mountain in Taibai, Meifeng Mountain in Taibai, Taiqi Mountain, and Gyeongju Wind Power Generation Facilities on Gyeongshang Road in Gangwon. The keyword 'negation' occurs when looking at wind power facilities at close range. Because of the high angle of the view, viewers can feel overwhelmed seeing the size of the facility and the ridge simultaneously, feeling psychological pressure. On the contrary, positive landscape adjectives are obtained from wind power facilities on flat ground or the sea. Visitors think that the visual volume of the landscape is fully ensured on flat ground or the sea, and it is a symbolic element that can represent the site. This study analyzes landscape awareness based on the opinions of visitors who have experienced wind power facilities. However, wind power facilities are built in different areas. Therefore, landscape characteristics are different, and there are many variables, such as viewpoints and observers, so the research results are difficult to popularize and have limitations. In recent years, landscape damage due to the construction of wind power facilities has become a hot issue, and the domestic methods of landscape evaluation of wind power facilities are unsatisfactory. Therefore, when evaluating the landscape of wind power facilities, the scale of wind power facilities, the inherent natural characteristics of the area where wind power facilities are set up, and the distance between wind power facilities and overlook points are important elements to consider. In addition, wind power facilities are set in the natural environment, which needs to be protected. Therefore, from the landscape perspective, it is necessary to study the landscape of wind power facilities and the surrounding environment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.106-115
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• 2014

Traditional village forests called Dangsan forests represent unique cultural landscape as a national cultural asset in Korea with a history of more than several hundred years. Cultural heritage can retain their value when they are fully sustained their authenticity and management scheme. The Dangsan forests established in a large area have been designated as a natural monument by Cultural Heritage Administration. Small scale Dangsan forests, however, are not introduced to the public and on the verge of disappearance. Dangsan forests have a value as a core landscape element in rural landscapes of Korea. The two villages at Ijeon-ri, Cheongsong-gun have small Dangsan forests where Dangsan ritual is performed. At one of the villages, there is Jusanji Reservoir designated for Scenic Site # 105, from which the water is used for growing crops. In this study, the landscape characteristics of the Dangsan forests were investigated including rice paddy field, stream, and the Jusanji Reservoir. A conservation measure of rural landscape for sustainable management scheme was suggested by designating 'Conservation area of agricultural landscape ecology'. Dangsan forests, especially where they are in small scale like those of Ijeon-ri, tend to be neglected. The Dangsan forests ought to be recognized for their value and by providing a management scheme including neighborhood elements such as farm fields and streams they can be revitalized to be core areas for conservation of rural landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.14-27
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• 2012

This study aimed to discover new types of landscape resources that have not designated as cultural heritages through a survey of the nationwide traditional industrial landscape resources whose original forms have been lost or damaged in the aspect of management and conservation. It also discovered and analyzed the values of the traditional industrial landscape considered to be humanistic and cultural values. Among the traditional industrial landscape resources distributed nationwide, this study mainly investigated Daranginon, Dok-sal(Korean traditional stone fishing weir) and saltern. Make a list of traditional industrial landscape based on the scenic resources and analyzed the value as scenic spot by conducted basic research and field work. In case some resources were highly valued, this study aimed to rediscover the value as a cultural heritage of the traditional industrial landscape that was a basis of our ancestors' lives and has represented our traditional agricultural and fishing activities done by them over a long period of time by exploring the possibilities of being designated as cultural heritages. Continuous discoveries and studies of traditional industrial landscapes, conservation and usage of traditional industrial landscapes by being designated as a cultural heritage required to be done will be required to be done. Also, this study was supposed to be used as a basic data.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.133-138
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the methods to activate and functional changes of rural centers to improve residents' quality of life and secure sustainability in rural areas. The existing policy for activating rural centers lacks for placeness because walking-focused features of a Myeon seat have been changed due to the improvement of physical environment for easy car accessibility. They also wanted to solve abandoned houses and secure parking lots in the landscape plan. Based on analysis results, design guidelines were suggested. Long-stay tourism programs for outside visitors should be developed through the rural center activation project. They should be linked with projects for preserving the history of Byeongyeong Fortress and developing Hamel Village. Mountain trails and waterfront should be created to enhance accessibility and linkage methods with other resources should be prepared. As Byeongyeong-myeon has various tourism resources, design guidelines for each element should be made for a macroscopic direction and systematic landscape management.