• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.21 no.6 s.90
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• pp.888-894
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• 2005

We investigated the development of a new seasoning sauce using port, medicinal herbs and bee's propolis on the basis scientific experiment. We divided the sample manufacturing conditions of medicinal herbs into the following four formulae A (control), B (boiling water extraction, with added propolis), C (boiling water extraction, without propolis) and D (pressure extraction, without propolis). There was little difference in pH, titrable acidity, sodium chloride and sugar composition among the four formulae. The color value, was not changeable, despite being maintained in temperature storage (at $4^{\circ}C\;{\pm}2$) for 60 days. The order was formulae B, C, A and D. In particular, formulae B with added medicinal herbs and propolis showed greater change in oxidation than the other formulae, but lesser change in pH. A comparison of commercial and sample products, indicated only a small change in physicochemical characteristics. However, the sample products showed much superior sensory characteristics, than commercial products.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.131-152
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• 2018

In terms of the fact that Innovation School is the main agent which encourages the innovation of school culture, As it has been ten years since the Innovation School was enforced, we do need a practical, indepth study on the quality of policy management. To make this actualize, this study is for analysis and comparison of basic values and operating evaluation plans which have been managed by Metropolitan City Office of Education(MCOE) & Provincial Office of Education(POE). Each of MCOE & POE have their own vision. Those visions are such things; 'Education for All' for Gangwon, Busan, Chungbuk. 'Future School Orientation' for Gyeonggi, Gyeongnam. 'Educational Community Realization' for Gwangju, Seoul, Ulsan, Jeonbuk, Jeju. 'Normalization of Public Education' for Sejong, Incheon, Chungnam. Like such things, each office possesses different vision by their distinct characteristics and in principle, all emphasis on publicness, democracy, and creativity. Management evaluations of the Innovation School is operated by Self-assessment, Intermediate evaluation, and Extensive assessment. The process and evaluation index of Intermediate evaluation and Extensive assessment are similar. Especially, Those assessment have significance in a role of administrating its management of each school and a role of offering associated documents of educational policy with educational renovations with feedback and some good examples.

• Clean Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2019

A.C (activated carbon) is mainly used to remove VOCs (volatile organic compounds), however, it has many problems such as fire risk due to increasing of adsorbent surface temperature during VOCs ad/desorption, increased cost by frequent replacement cycles requirement and performance degradation when containing moisture. In order to solve these problems, many researches, hydrophobic zeolite adsorbents, have been reported. In this study, $NH_4{^+}Y$-zeolite was synthesized with Y-zeolite through steam treatment and acid treatment, which is one of the hydrophobic modification methods, to secure high surface area, thermal stability and humidity resistance. The Y, Y-550-HN, Y-600-HN and Y-650-HN had adsorption capacities of $23mg\;g^{-1}$, $38mg\;g^{-1}$, $77mg\;g^{-1}$, $61mg\;g^{-1}$. The change of Si/Al ratio, which is an index to confirm the degree of modification, was confirmed by XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectrometer) analysis. As a result, the adsorbtion performance was improved when Y-zeolite modified, and the Si/Al ratio of Y, Y-550-HN, Y-600-HN, Y-650-HN were increased to 3.1765, 6.6706, 7.3079, and 7.4635, respectively. Whereas it was confirmed that structural crystallization due to high heat treatment temperature affected performance degradation. Therefore, there is an optimal heat treatment temperature of Y-zeolite, optimum modification condition study could be a substitute for activated carbon as a condition for producing an adsorbent having high durability and stability.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.159-175
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• 2013

Emission reduction targets to respond to climate change have been discussed and set locally, nationally and globally. After Korean government set the national target in 2009, 16 metropolitan cities established voluntary emission reduction targets by 2020. This study review and compare historical greenhouse gas emissions, reduction target by 2020 and strategies in 16 metropolitan cities. Most cities chose a consumption-based inventory approach. Some cities set the reduction target excluding land use change and forestry (LUCF) at 30% against business-as-usual by 2020, while others set the absolute reduction target against past year including LUCF. The stringency of reduction target in metropolitan cities was evaluated differently according to the comparative indicators such as the targets against BAU or past year and per capita emission, etc. Key mitigation sectors were different across metropolitan cities. It is suggested that national government share detailed raw data for metropolitan cities' emission inventory with the local government. Using advanced mitigation model and two types' target based on BAU and historical year and integrating local government's climate change plan with its energy plan are also required.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.63-85
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• 2018

The "About Us" page on the website of a corporation provides information regarding the organization's vision, philosophy, and values. We examine the association between institutional information provided on corporate websites (i.e., the "About Us" section) with present and future financial performance. Utilizing a text mining technique, we analyze the institutional information of S&P500 firms in the year 2016. We conduct a factor analysis including words that are intentionally repeated in the introductory text of corporate websites. The results of the analysis reveal that keywords from this institutional information can be grouped into six factors. We then carry out an ordinary least squares regression analysis to determine the associations between these six factors and present financial performance. The results show that keywords in Factor 2 (those related to Purchasing experience) are positively associated with ROE, a variable representing present financial performance, while keywords in Factor 1 (those related to Note to customers) show a negative relationship with ROE. On the other hand, keywords in Factor 1 have a positive relationship with Tobin's Q, a variable representing future financial performance. These results indicate that there is some relationship between the words used in the institutional information in this section of corporate websites and firms' financial performance. Hence, the institutional information on a website may be a useful indicator of current firm performance and future firm value.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2017

The feasibility of incorporating cabbage powder (CP) as a value-added food ingredient into convenient food products was investigated using cookie as a model system. CP was incorporated into cookies at amounts of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% (w/w) based on total weight of wheat flour. pH level and moisture content of cookie dough decreased and increased significantly, respectively, with increasing levels of CP (p<0.05), whereas density was not directly affected by levels of CP incorporation. The spread ratio of cookies and their hardness increased significantly while the loss rate decreased significantly with increasing levels of CP (p<0.05). In terms of color, lightness and yellowness decreased while redness increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing levels of CP. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities were significantly elevated by CP addition, and they increased significantly as CP concentration increased in the formulation (p<0.05). Finally, consumer acceptance test indicated that the higher than 4% of CP incorporation had an adverse effect on general consumer preferences. In contrast, cookies with moderate levels of CP (2%) were recommended based on overall scores to take advantage of the antioxidant properties of CP without sacrificing consumer acceptability.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.331-337
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• 2022

Raman spectroscopy is an optical technique that can identify molecules in a label-free manner, and is therefore heavily investigated in various areas ranging from biomedical engineering to materials science. Probe-based Raman spectroscopy can perform minimally invasive chemical analysis, and thus has potential as a real-time diagnostic tool during surgery. In this study, Raman experimentation was calibrated by examining the Raman shifts with respect to the concentrations of chemical substances. Raman signal characteristics, targeted for normal mice and cerebral tissues of the 5xFAD dementia mutant model with accumulated amyloid beta plaques, were measured and analyzed to explore the possibility of diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The application to the diagnosis of dementia was cross-validated by measuring Raman signals of amyloid beta. The results suggest the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool that may be useful in various areas of application.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_1
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• pp.1277-1290
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• 2020

Water resources which is formed of surface and groundwater, are considered as one of the pivotal natural resources worldwide. Since last century, the rapid population growth as well as accelerated industrialization and explosive urbanization lead to boost demand for groundwater for domestic, industrial and agricultural use. In fact, better management of groundwater can play crucial role in sustainable development; therefore, determining accurate location of groundwater based groundwater potential mapping is indispensable. In recent years, integration of machine learning techniques, Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) are popular and effective methods employed for groundwater potential mapping. For determining the status of the integrated approach, a systematic review of 94 directly relevant papers were carried out over the six previous years (2015-2020). According to the literature review, the number of studies published annually increased rapidly over time. The total study area spanned 15 countries, and 85.1% of studies focused on Iran, India, China, South Korea, and Iraq. 20 variables were found to be frequently involved in groundwater potential investigations, of which 9 factors are almost always present namely slope, lithology (geology), land use/land cover (LU/LC), drainage/river density, altitude (elevation), topographic wetness index (TWI), distance from river, rainfall, and aspect. The data integration was carried random forest, support vector machine and boost regression tree among the machine learning techniques. Our study shows that for optimal results, groundwater mapping must be used as a tool to complement field work, rather than a low-cost substitute. Consequently, more study should be conducted to enhance the generalization and precision of groundwater potential map.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.595-602
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• 2021

Human intestinal microbiota play an important role in the regulation of the host's metabolism. There is a close pathological and physiological interaction between dysbiosis of the intestinal microflora and obesity and metabolic syndrome. Akkermansia muciniphila, which was recently isolated from human feces, accounts for about 1-4% of the intestinal microbiota population. The use of A. muciniphila- derived external membrane protein Amuc_1100 and extracellular vesicles (EVs) could be a new strategy for the treatment of obesity. A. muciniphila is considered a next-generation probiotic (NGP) for the treatment of metabolic disorders, such as obesity. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii accounts for about 5% of the intestinal microbiota population in healthy adults and is an indicator of gut health. F. prausnitzii is a butyrate-producing bacterium, with anti-inflammatory effects, and is considered an NGP for the treatment of immune diseases and diabetes. Postbiotics are complex mixtures of metabolites contained in the cell supernatant secreted by probiotics. Parabiotics are microbial cells in which probiotics are inactivated. Paraprobiotics and postbiotics have many advantages over probiotics, such as clear chemical structures, safe dose parameters, and a long shelf life. Thus, they have the potential to replace probiotics. The most natural strategy to restore the imbalance of the intestinal ecosystem normally is to use NGPs among commensal bacteria in the gut. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new foods or drugs such as parabiotics and postbiotics using NGPs.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.11
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• pp.969-983
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• 2021

Evapotranspiration, one of the hydrometeorological components, is considered an important variable for water resource planning and management and is primarily used as input data for hydrological models such as water balance models. The FAO56 PM method has been recommended as a standard approach to estimate the reference evapotranspiration with relatively high accuracy. However, the FAO56 PM method is often challenging to apply because it requires considerable hydrometeorological variables. In this perspective, the Hargreaves equation has been widely adopted to estimate the reference evapotranspiration. In this study, a set of parameters of the Hargreaves equation was calibrated with relatively long-term data within a Bayesian framework. Statistical index (CC, RMSE, IoA) is used to validate the model. RMSE for monthly results reduced from 7.94 ~ 24.91 mm/month to 7.94 ~ 24.91 mm/month for the validation period. The results confirmed that the accuracy was significantly improved compared to the existing Hargreaves equation. Further, the evaporative demand drought index (EDDI) based on the evaporative demand (E₀) was proposed. To confirm the effectiveness of the EDDI, this study evaluated the estimated EDDI for the recent drought events from 2014 to 2015 and 2018, along with precipitation and SPI. As a result of the evaluation of the Han-river watershed in 2018, the weekly EDDI increased to more than 2 and it was confirmed that EDDI more effectively detects the onset of drought caused by heatwaves. EDDI can be used as a drought index, particularly for heatwave-driven flash drought monitoring and along with SPI.