• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.917-920
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• 2014

In Korea mobile phone subscribers exceeded 1 million people in 1995, and ten million people in 1998. Prevalence of the mobile phone increased dramatically over 110% compared to the population. And all family members including children and students use one or two mobile terminal. Mobile phone is obviously necessary good more than washer, vacuum cleaner, passenger car. Our daily life with mobile communication are conveniently positioned, but communication related costs including the price of the device has become a big burden on the household. But the government does not seem to do the right role at the right time to prevent the failure of the market to further maximize consumer welfare and social welfare through fair competition. This principal-agent problems exist especially in perspective of joint use of the mobile communication network, number portability, separation of phone distribution and phone service and network neutrality among in mobile communication policies since the early 1990s up to now.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.91-120
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• 2004

이 연구는 취업여성을 대상으로 추진되고 있는 한국 보육정책의 특성을 분석한다. 우선 취업여성을 대상으로 하는 기존 보육정책의 규정들은 무엇보다 성 평등의 관점에서 볼 때 불완전하다. 취업여성의 육아가 사회의 책임, 남녀공동의 책임이라는 인식에 못 미치고 있다. 둘째, 기존 보육정책은 일반적인 취업여성의 대리보육 지원을 표방하고 있지만 실제적으로 저소득층 영${\cdot}$유아, 영아보다는 유아에 대한 보육지원에 역점을 둠으로써 취업여성의 실제 보육수요를 충족하지 못한다. 셋째, 정부는 강제적 규정, 재정지원의 확대라는 조치들을 통해 취업여성의 보육을 지원하고 있으나 그 수준은 그렇게 강력하지 못하다. 넷째, 정책결과의 관점에서 볼 때, 그동안 보육시설은 상당한 정도로 증가하였으나 공공보육시설, 직장 보육시설의 비율은 매우 낮다. 육아휴직 정책 역시 전체적 이용률이 낮은 수준이며, 남성의 이용률은 특히 낮은 것으로 나타난다. 기업체 및 근로자의 보육실태에 대한 사례조사 결과에서도 취업여성의 육아부담은 여전히 매우 높으며, 특히 가족에 의한 대리보육 비율이 높은 것으로 나타난다. 이 연구의 정책적 함의는 보육정책이 취업여성의 육아부담을 경감하여 고용평등을 제고하고, 출산율 향상을 도모하는 방안과 연계되기 위해서는 정책의 보완이 요구된다는 것이다.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-81
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• 2010

Recently, labor unions' active participation in social issues is drawing people's attention as their concerns are expanding from the conventional wage raise and employment to others such as the environment and poverty eradication. This derives from the notion that a trade union with bargaining power is also an economic agent responsible and able to take a positive role in social issues. This paper explains through a micro economic analysis model that labor union movements can also contribute to social issues such as the global environment. Based on the international oligopoly trade theory, the study analyzes the principal-agent model whereby firms and labor unions pursue their strategic choices based on their interest and influence the implementation of regulatory policies on pollution emission. The analysis confirmed that labor unions' bargaining power and international cooperation are influential in alleviating global pollution emission and in improving social welfare. This conclusion could be presented as a basis for arguing for and requesting the participation and cooperation of labor unions to solve environmental problems discussed at WILL 2006.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

This study investigated the tax compliance applying framing effect, with the influence of detection rates, client advocacy, risk seeking tendency on the amount of income declared. Questionaires were filled in by CFA in Busan. Questionaires involve three cases (newly founded company, loss-expected company, gain-expected company). Respondents declared least in newly founded company, next loss-expected company, to gain-expected company. Respondents declared more as detection rates rose. As client advocacy increases, newly founded company and loss-expected company declare less, while gain-expected company declare more. As risk seeking tendency increases, newly founded company and loss-expected company declare less, but gain-expected company. Finally the interaction effect between client advocacy and risk seeking tendency is supported.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.25-59
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• 1998

충청남도 내 초지 가운데 68%가 황무지화(중앙일보, 91년 6월 8일), 강원도 횡성군 내 초지의 64%가 부실초지(강원일보, 91년 12월 14일), 강원도 평창군 내 초지 대리관리 증가(도민일보, 93년 7월 27일), 강원도 홍천군 내 부실초지의 대부분은 외지인 소유(도민일보, 93년 7월 28일)라는 기사를 각 신문이 게재하고 있다. 아마 정부기관의 조사료관련 부서가 없어지기 시작한 것도 이때부터인 것 같다. 농후사료는 물론 조사료까지도 전화 한 통으로 해결하던 양축가가 많았던 것도 불과 몇 개월 전의 일이다. (중략)

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.155-171
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• 2016

Separation of management with ownership induces the agency problems between CEO and shareholders of Chinese firms. To solve this problem Chinese government has enforced the "stock incentive management law for stock listed companies" since 2006. However, it has not been clear that this law is beneficial to reduce the agency cost and thus to increase the performance of Chinese firms. This study aims to answer this question. It is specifically designed to explore the effects of CEO's stock incentive on the performance of Chinese firms. It also examines the moderating effects of the characteristics of the board of directors on this relationship. Using a multi-year sample (2008-2014), we found that CEO's stock incentive is positively related to firm's performance. We also found that the equity stakes of board members strengthens the positive relations between CEO's equity incentives and firms' performance. On the other hand, contrary to expectations, the independency of the board of directors does not significantly moderate the relationship between CEO's equity incentives and firms' performance. Based on the findings, this study provides valuable implication for theory and practice.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.493-499
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• 2015

In Korea mobile phone subscribers exceeded 1 million people in 1995, and ten million people in 1998. Prevalence of the mobile phone increased dramatically over 110% compared to the population. Almost every family members including children uses more than one mobile terminal. Mobile phone is obviously more necessary good than washer, vacuum cleaner and passenger car. Our daily life are conveniently positioned with mobile communication, but communication related costs including the price of the device and service charges become a big burden on the household. But the government does not seem to do the right role at the right time to prevent the market failure to maximize consumer welfare and social welfare through supporting fair competition. This principal-agent problem issues of mobile communication policies will be understood in perspective of public choice against joint use of the mobile communication network, number portability, separation of phone distribution and phone service, network neutrality, mobile phone subsidy since the early 1990s when mobile phone service was introduced in Korea.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.77-105
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• 2023

This paper investigates the management stability of KOSPI-listed energy public enterprises from the perspective of median voter theory. We analyze the profitability and stability of five energy public enterprises during the period 2011~2022, and conduct an empirical analysis to determine whether they are related to the preferences of median voters who can represent the general public. Our analysis of the profitability and stability of the energy public enterprises shows that the stability of their has been deteriorating in recent years. The results of the empirical analysis also show that the management stability of the energy public enterprises is related to the preference of median voter. Specifically, they indicate that when the median voter's income is smaller than the average income, the profitability of the utility decreases and the debt ratio increases. This paper suggests that from the median voter's point of view, excessive utility and energy bills may strengthen the incentives for governments and politicians to suppress rate increases, leading to lower profitability and higher debt for public enterprises.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.39-66
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• 2018

This paper analyzes the structures and issues of 2018 Korean local elections based on the author's observations on the electoral processes. Even if this paper does not follow a traditional statistical method, it provides the interpretative meanings of 2018 local elections by utilizing an expert's observations of campaign processes. This result of 2018 election can be summarized into two analytical frames. In terms of electoral competition structure, three key factors, such as presidential approval rating, party competition structure, ideological spectrum, tend to affect the winning of governing party. In the light of election issue, the inter-Korean summit, the Washington-Pyeongyang summit, Incheon deprecating remark were positive to the vote gains of governing party, but the negative campaign, the drucking scandal and the swing voters were found not to be significant. The local election in Korea tends to show dual meanings, a proxy war of national-level politics and a composition process of local government. This paper found that the 2018 election has dual meanings at the same time, in a sense that it is the punishment of the ex-governing party's wrongdoing and the power change of local government.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.333-339
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• 2020

This study investigated the determinants of debt ratio in public institutions. For this purpose, we analyzed the impact of external and internal factors on debt ratio. In this paper, external factors included government grants and deficits compensation, and internal factors included inefficient management. The results of this study are as follows. First, we find that there is a significant positive relation between government grants and debt ratio. This result means that the higher government grants, the higher debt ratio. Second, we also find that there is a significant positive relation between deficits compensation and debt ratio. This implies that the institutions subject to deficits compensation have higher debt ratio. Third, we can not find a significant relation between welfare benefit and debt ratio. This finding implies that inefficient management is not a factor on debt ratio of public institutions. The results documented in this paper provide important policy implications for investigating the determinants of debt ration in public institutions.