• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.123-136
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• 1997

By applying the finite element theory which is capable of handling the geometrically altered structure in a successive manner, the linear relationship between incremental displacements and the magnitude of the initial stress field was derived. Based on this relationship, back analysis code having the capability of dealing multi-step excavation problem was built and verified With this back analysis code, the measurements of the incremental displacements in a particular excavation step make it possible to back-calculate the initial stress state. illustrative examples showed the applicability of this code to a practical problem.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.147-147
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 2003년 태풍 'MAEMI'에 의해 피해를 가장 많이 입은 경남 마산시를 중심으로 폭풍해일 범람도를 작성하였다. 해양과 하천 하류부가 만나는 마산시에서는 해일, 조석, 하천을 동시에 고려해야 하므로 이에 대한 단계적 적용을 통해 범람 중첩효과를 검토하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 수치모델은 네덜란드 Deltares사에서 개발한 준3차원 해수유동 모델 Delft3D이다. Delft3D는 폭풍해일 이외 지진해일, 부유물 이송, 오염물 확산 등 다양한 분야에 적용 가능하며, 파랑, 조석력, 바람에 의한 전단력, 온도, 염도에 의한 밀도류, 대기압 변화, 조간대 모의 등 다양한 영향을 고려할 수 있다. 수치모의시 모델의 안정성과 효율성을 높이기 위해 다중격자기법을 사용(최소 25m 격자)하였으며, 수심 자료는 국토지리정보원 수치지도와 국립해양조사원 수치해도의 수평 수직적 통합을 통해 구성하였다. 태풍 'MAEMI'의 Best Track은 기상청에서 제공하는 3시간 간격의 중심기압, 풍속, 중심위치를 Holland's Model에 적용하여 계산하였다. 조석효과를 고려하기 위해 개방경계에서 TPXO 7.2를 사용한 분조값을 입력하였다. 또한 하천의 흐름을 효과적으로 구현하기 위해 하천 단면에서의 동적 수위경계조건(또는 유량경계조건)을 추가적으로 부여하였다. 수치해석결과, 마산 수위 관측소에서 관측된 태풍 'MAEMI'의 해일고와 유사한 결과가 산출되었다. 범람역 해석결과는 해일, 조석, 하천을 동시적으로 고려하였을 경우에 실제 침수흔적도인 마산시재해침수지도와 가장 유사한 결과를 보였다.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.1 s.49
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

The changes of cosmetic industry regulation in the leading countries, such as E.C., America, Japan, initiated our research to suggest the direction of our cosmetics regulation. These countries are strengthening the post-monitoring system for the safety and cosmetic industry development. We propose the agenda for the development of the industry; the extension of cosmetics range, deregulation of the advertisement, implementation of the ingredient labelling, introduction of the product expiring date. Ultimately. it is necessary to introduce and extend current CGMP to enhance the company responsibility and to reinforce the post-monitoring.

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2000

최근 정부의 공기업 경영혁신계획에 따라서 민영화와 경영혁신 대상 공기업이 확장되었다. 이에 따라서, 한국지역 난방공사(이하 '한난')는 1차 민영화 대상 공기업으로서 단계적 민영화를 위하여 안양 및 부천 사업소를 한국전력공사(이하 '한전')의 열병합발전소와 통합매각하여 2001년 51%이상 지분을 매각함으로써 민영화를 완료하도록 추진방안이 수립된 상태이다. 이렇듯 가시화된 정부의 에너지산업에 대한 경쟁 촉진 및 규제완화는 정부주도의 하향식 계획을 지양하고 에너지 구성(energy mix)을 시장에서 결정되게 하자는 것이다. 이는 관련업체간에 해당에너지의 사업주체에 대한 경쟁이 아니라 개별기업이 다양한 에너지사업을 운영하면서 한 기업의 최적 에너지 구성을 시장원리에 따라서 자체적으로 결정한다는 것이 핵심사항이다. 따라서, 현재 한난과 에너지관리공단이 운영 및 소유주체로 되어 있는 국내 집단에너지사업은 정부방안에 능동적으로 대처하고, 특히 에너지산업 변화에서 제기능을 담당할 수 있도록 합리적이고 효율적인 발전계획 및 민영화 방안을 수립할 필요가 있다. 본고에서는 현재 추진중인 국내 에너지 산업 구조개편에 따른 집단에너지사업의 발전방향을 정책적인 측면에서 제시하고자 한다. 논의의 대상은 국내 집단에너지 사업으로, 공업단지 집단에너지사업을 제외한 지역냉난방 사업을 중심으로 하여 전력 및 가스사업고의 연계방안 등이 주요 사항이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.1667-1670
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• 2012

대용량 인사데이터를 통합적으로 처리하기 위한 인적자원관리시스템(Human Resource Manager System)이나 ERP 등이 기업의 IT 환경에 보편적으로 적용되며 활용되고 있다. 그러나 기본적으로 인적 자원(Human Resource)의 막대한 데이터의 정보로부터 기업의 여러 조직단위의 통합 정산관리를 기존 방식의 인사급여 정산시스템으로는 다중적이고 다양한 조건과 사용자가 요구하는 각종 기능성 및 제한적 규칙 등으로 요구되는 사항을 충족시키며 처리하기에는 근본적인 한계를 갖고 있다. 그러므로 정보 시스템 구축은 통합적인 적용부분과 그리고 단계적인 조건들의 다중 지원이 선행되어야 한다. 본 논문은 이러한 복잡하고 다중적인 기준에 따른 조건들의 연관관계와 관련데이터를 효과적으로 처리할 수 있게 하는 방안으로 객체지향적 분석과 설계를 이용하여 세부기능들을 모듈화하였다. 또한 다양한 업무프로세스 변화에 유연하게 적용시킬 수 있는 방안을 구현하여, 사용자의 운영과 활용방안 측면으로 효율적인 구축 방안을 제시한다.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

Osmoregulatory capabilities of a euryhaline medaka, Oryzias dancena (Beloniformes; Teleostei), was examined with a particular emphasis on adult and larval viability during direct salinity changes. O. dancena adults were highly capable for hyper-osmoregulation as well as hypo-osmoregulation, as evidenced by no adverse effect on their viability during the direct transfer either from complete freshwater ($0^{\circ}/_{\circ\circ}$) to $40^{\circ}/_{\circ\circ}$ salinity, or from $70^{\circ}/_{\circ\circ}$ to $0^{\circ}/_{\circ\circ}$. Furthermore, the phased increase of external salinity with acclimation periods allowed them to survive at a salinity as high as $75^{\circ}/_{\circ\circ}$. However, tolerant capability to acute salinity increase in early larval stage was much less than in adult stage, based on the finding that the tolerance range of salinity increase was only $15^{\circ}/_{\circ\circ}$ from freshwater, indicating that the hyper-osmoregulation system might not be fully developed in the early larval stage. On the contrary, the hypoosmoregulation system could be more solidified in O. dancena larvae, as evidenced by their good survival even after direct transfer from $45^{\circ}/_{\circ\circ}$ to $0^{\circ}/_{\circ\circ}$. Knowledge achieved in this study could form the basis for a wide scope of researches including ecotoxicogenomics and geneexpression assay using this model species.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.122-126
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• 2013

Cerebral palsy is one of the primary handicapping conditions of childhood. The prevalence of malocclusions in patients with cerebral palsy is approximately twice than in general population. Even though these high rates of malocclusions, most clinicians may feel uncomfortable about treating such problems to reduce inclination of anterior teeth because to reduce of protrusion makes to decrease risk of trauma. This is the case report about mitigation of maxillary anterior teeth protrusion in patient with cerebral palsy. A 14 year old boy who had cerebral palsy visited our dental hospital. He had severe protrusive maxillary anterior teeth and narrow arch form. He was experienced at using Castillo morales appliance in early childhood. He had mild mental retardation and was able to learn simple skills. He and his parents had willing to improve his dental problems. A gentle impression taking on maxilla was done. Removable appliance was made including median screw and labial bow. We provide a period of adaption for 3 weeks. After of anterior teeth through activation of labial bow was done once a month by dentist. The treatment carried out for 10 months and we could observe reduced labial inclination of maxillary right central incisor and more wide arch form. Hawley type retainer was set at maxilla for retention. In conclusion, accompanying careful case selection and treatment, patient with cerebral palsy can be treated and should not be ignored their orthodontic needs.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.19-43
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• 2017

This study aimed to examine the effects of a reciprocal attention intervention on the joint attention behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by comparing the music and nonmusic conditions. An alternating treatment design was applied as one of the single subject designs and the reciprocal attention intervention included music and nonmusic conditions implemented alternately within a session. The participants were four children between the ages 4 and 5 years and each participant who participated in 23 intervention sessions that followed the sequence of baseline (3 sessions), treatment (15 sessions), and follow-up (5 sessions). The music condition consisted of structured joint instrument playing, trials for attentional shift, and interactive instrument playing. The nonmusic condition consisted of joint toy play, trials for attentional shift, and turn taking-based play. The occurrence of target behaviors (i. e., joint attention behavior, eye gaze, and joint action) was analyzed across sessions. At pretest and posttest, the Early Social Communication Scale was administered. All participants showed increasing tendency in all target behaviors, but such occurrence was greater in the music condition than in the nonmusic condition. The findings support the use of a reciprocal attention intervention with musical stimuli to effectively improve joint attention in this population.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.87-101
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• 1999

This study has been carried out to examine the feasibility of washing technique for reducing the heavy metal contamination level of tailing wastes and agricultural soil surrounding abandoned metal mines. Some organic acids with low molecular weight were used as washing solution. Initial contamination levels of copper and lead for some soil samples were found to exceed the standard levels of countermeasure and concern, and those of cadmium to approach the standard level of countermeasure. Experimental results using sequential extraction method revealed that more than half of copper and lead existing in tailing wastes are adsorbed forms available for plants. There are some proportional relationships between metal concentrations determined by using 0.1N HCI solution and those determined by sequential extractions. Citric acid was turned out to be superior to oxalic acid and acetic acid with low molecular weight in washing above three metals. When citric acid is used for washing heavy metals from soil, it is desirable to operate at pH less than 5.5 for better washing effect. Metal removal effect by citric acid solution has been proved to depend upon solution concentration and the mass ratio of solution to soil. Addition of SDS(Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate) to citric acid improved the washing effect of cadmium among three metal most significantly. while copper removal did not change. Washing technique using citric acid for removal of heavy metals from agricultural soil or tailing wastes is recognized to be an effective remediation method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4361-4369
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• 2014

This study examined the gender role identity within the Korean context with particular focus on how the changes within Korean society may have impacted on the gender role identities of middle-aged men. This research adapting Q methodology created a sampling distribution of P with 40 middle-aged men aged between 40-59 years old. Each of 40 Q samples were placed in a forced distribution of 9 scales. Secondary analysis of the results was then conducted by principal component factor analysis using the QUANL PC program. Middle-aged men are likely to have traditional masculinity and newly developed femininity, such as caring for others and sensitivity. This means that a consideration of these characteristics needs to understand the gender role identity of middle-aged men.