• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.100-110
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• 2010

The main roots of CM service contracts include existing customer repurchases and those made by new customers by existing ones. The study on customers and loyalty can be factors to strengthen CM's competitiveness. However, there have been little attempt to study customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Construction Management (CM), the advanced construction management method, was introduced 15 years ago in the mid 1990's in the domestic market. The aim of this research is to build a model that can predict customer loyalty based on how much customers are satisfied with CM service. To measure customer satisfaction and loyalty, this research surveyed 135 decision-makers who have experienced CM services. Customer satisfaction was tested and analyzed according to different phases: planning, designing, procurement, construction, and post construction. Referral intention was tested based on NPS theory. Customer types were divided into detractors, passively satisfied and promoters according to the tested measurement and multinomial logistic regression between the satisfaction by construction phases and customer types. This research resulted to a model that can predict customer types: detractors, passively satisfied and promoters, which were determined according to satisfaction level. The initial planning phase also revealed which factor is most influential for a customer to become promoter. These results can be used to acquire customer loyalty by managing the satisfaction of customers through a project under an Internet-based environment. Such can provide the needed information in quickly exploring positive and negative word-of-mouth feedbacks.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.122-132
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• 2019

This study investigated the effects of preference reversal according to product characteristics and situation. To investigate the relationship between consumer preference reversal and selection change, three research problems were set up and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed considering categorical dependent variables. The results showed that the decrease in preference for the medical service products and general manufacturing products had a significant effect on selection change and selection delay. In addition, we found that selection change according to the importance of attributes in the medical service product was more sensitive than the general product, while selection change according to the preference reversal was higher in general products. This study examined the causal relationship between choices by illuminating the preference concept as the central value of consumers from a different viewpoint than the existing preference and preference inversion research. In addition, the results of this study suggest that it can include not only selective change according to preference reversal, but also alternatives such as selective delay.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2017

Results of the analysis have revealed that the students were basically divided into three groups depending on goodness-of-fit index and latent class division factor. Type 1 was regarded as a low dependence group (50.1%) with all low indexes while Type 2 was classified as a high dependence group (10.7%) with all high indexes. As for Type 3, it was titled intermediate dependence group (39.2%) for the indexes showed a low-to-moderate movement. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was carried out to forecast smart phone dependence characteristics and as a consequence, when the high dependence group was compared to the intermediate dependence group, as self-esteem and peer attachment increased and deceased respectively, a chance of one being classified into the intermediate dependence group rose. In an investigation to compare the high dependence group with the low dependence group, it was confirmed that the greater the self-esteem, the shorter the peer socializing time, the lower the neglect degree and the lower the peer attachment, a chance for one belonging to the low dependence group increased. This study also offered implications, limits and directions in follow-up research.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1463-1478
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the elderly based on the types of Kyungrodang participation and explores ways toward development of Kyungrodang. A national sample data, collected by the Korean Institute for the Health and Social Welfare in 2004 is analyzed by employing Chi-Square test of independence, ANOVA, and multiple logistic regression(n=3,005). A significant difference is noted in age, area, and socioeconomic status among the elderly based on the types of Kyungrodang participation. The results show that those elderly living in rural areas with older and lower socioeconomic status are more likely to participate at Kyungrodang, whereas, elderly living in urban areas with younger and higher socioeconomic status are less likely to participate at Kyungrodang and discontinue to use the services. Although there is a difference between the gender, the most significant reason for not using and discontinuing Kyungrodang is because the elderly can not get along with the other participants. In other words, the major problem that needs to be solved is to socializing and providing service programs satisfying all participants. Based on the results and recent socioeconomic changes of the older population, some policy issues are suggested for the development of Kyungrodang.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.278-291
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• 2021

This study performed a longitudinal research on the causal relationship between multidimensionality of problem drinking and poverty, and multidimensional deprivation meaning the inequality, focusing on gender difference. For this, this study examined the latent group of problem drinking change trajectory through the latent class growth analysis targeting total 3,770 men and 5,632 women by using the 6th-year Korea Welfare Panel Study data from 2013 to 2018, and then conducted the multinominal logistic regression analysis to verify the influence of multidimensional deprivation factors on this latent group. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the latent group of problem drinking change trajectory according to gender was classified into three latent groups in both men and women while the development aspect was different from each other. The male latent group with 'moderate level' or higher showed higher level of problem drinking than women. However, in case of 'drinking group with high level' according to gender, as time passed, the men tended to maintain it while the women tended to increase it. Second, in the results of examining the effects of multidimensional deprivation on the latent group of problem drinking change trajectory, the men with more experiences of social deprivation and the women with more experiences of social security deprivation showed the higher possibility to belong to the 'drinking group with high level' compared to the 'drinking group with low level'. Based on such results above, this study discussed the preventive/intervention measures for problem drinking according to gender.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.27-44
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to provide foundational data for preventing adolescents smoking by analyzing the relationship between adolescents' lifestyles and smoking experiences and identifying influencing factors. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using the 17th (2021) Youth Health Behavior Survey data, encompassing 54,848 students from 796 schools. Variables included general characteristics, smoking status, lifestyle habits, physical activity, sleep patterns, and stress perception. Frequency analysis was used to examine general characteristics, while further analysis employed frequency analysis and the Pearson Chi-square test to compare lifestyle differences based on smoking presence. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was employed to determine factors influencing smoking experience, with IBM SPSS Statistics 28 used for all analyses at a significance level of p<.05. Results: Analysis revealed with general characteristics that the group with smoking experience exhibited a higher proportion of male students (67.4%) compared to the non-smoking group (50.1%) (p<.001). Analysis revealed that the smoking group was more likely to skip breakfast (27.7%), not consume fruit (17.8%), and consume fast food more than three times daily (0.9%). Furthermore, a higher percentage of smokers engaged in 60 minutes or more of breathless physical activity (8.4%) seven times a week, reported insufficient fatigue recovery through sleep (21.6%), and experienced very severe normal stress (17.2%) (p<.001). Analysis of the relationship between lifestyle and smoking indicated increased likelihood of smoking with zero breakfast consumption (OR=1.759, p<.001) and increased fruit consumption (OR=1.921, p<.001), while zero fast food consumption decreased smoking likelihood (OR=0.206, p<.001). Adequate sleep-related fatigue recovery reduced smoking likelihood (OR=0.458, p<.001), whereas increased stress elevated it (OR=1.260, p<.05). Conclusion: Adolescents' lifestyle habits significantly correlated with their smoking experiences, highlighting the necessity of considering lifestyle factors in smoking prevention strategies. This study provides crucial insights for promoting healthy lifestyle changes to prevent smoking among youth.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.101-112
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• 2009

Objectives: Cattle slaughterhouse workers are known as the high risk group for the zoonoses. We surveyed the awareness of zoonoses among cattle slaughterhouse workers to suggest direction of education and public relations. Methods: We evaluated the epidemiological characteristics of zoonoses and the process of cattle slaughtering. We designed different questionnaires for the workers involved in slaughtering, the handlers of residual products, the inspectors and their assistants, and the grading testers and their assistants respectively. We visited 73 cattle slaughterhouses and 62 residual products handle houses across the country and conducted a questionnaire survey of the general characteristics and the awareness of zoonoses. The data collected was evaluated using the SPSS 17.0 statistical package. Results: The awareness rate of brucellosis, Q fever and Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) were 83.9%, 18.5%, 62.7% among cattle slaughterhouse workers. The awareness rate of zoonoses among the workers involved in slaughtering and the handlers of residual products was lower than other workers. The awareness rate of zoonoses tended to increase as the school career. In the correct awareness rate of the transmission of zoonoses, 'transmission by tick bite', 'person to person' and 'air transmission' were lower than other transmission items. The most common reason why cattle slaughterhouse workers think that it is difficult to prevent zoonoses was the ignorance of how to prevent. Conclusions: An educational program is needed for the cattle slaughterhouse workers on zoonoses especially Q fever. And publicity activities about prevention of infection are needed for high risk groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.1187-1194
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• 2009

This study was performed to estimate the prevalence and the risk factors of arthritis in Andong rural area in 2003. The subjects were 1,462 people (544 males, 818 females) aged 45 years and over. The arthritis group was composed of 322 people (72 males, 250 females), diagnosed by doctor or self-diagnosed by the symptoms. Prevalence of arthritis was higher in female (27.2%) compared to male (13.2%). Mean age of arthritis group was significantly higher than that of normal group (male 66.2 vs 62.8, female 62.6 vs 60.1, p<0.001). The anthropometric measurements, such as % body fat, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference, and the biochemical measurements, such as plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol level, were significantly higher only in female (not in male) arthritis group than those in normal group. Health related lifestyle factors, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and exercise, were not different between both groups. The risk factors for arthritis were analyzed using the multiple logistic regression method and expressed as odds ratio (OR). The results showed that female compared to male (OR=1.983), over 65 years compared to 45$\sim$64 years (male OR=2.769 and female OR=1.461), and obese female subjects (not for male) by % body fat ($\geq$32% OR=2.035) or BMI ($\geq$25 kg/$m^2$ OR=1.556) showed significantly higher risk factors for arthritis. Regarding nutrient intakes, higher intakes of fat (OR=1.443), calcium (OR=1.503), iron (OR=1.518) and vitamin A (OR=1.390) in female seemed to be risk factors. In contrast to female, higher intakes of vitamin A (OR=0.526) and riboflavin (OR=0.582) seemed to decrease the risk for arthritis in male. This study revealed that the prevalence of arthritis was significantly higher in female and aged individuals. Also, in order to decrease the prevalence and/or prevention of arthritis, female should prevent overfatness and decrease some nutrient intakes, while male should increase their intakes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.852-861
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• 2009

This study was performed to assess the risk factors associated with hypertension from Jan/2003 to Feb/2003. The subjects were 1,296 people (496 males, 800 females) aged 40 years and over living in Andong rural area. The hypertensive group was composed of 602 people (272 males, 330 females), who were diagnosed as hypertension ($SBP{\geq}140\;mmHg$ or $DBP{\geq}90\;mmHg$) for the first time at this health examination. The mean anthropometric values of body weight, body fat (%), body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were significantly higher in hypertensive group than those in normal group. However, the biochemical measurements such as total-cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL-C, LDL-C and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels did not show any difference between two groups except TG in female. The risk factors of interest in the development of hypertension were analyzed using the multiple logistic regression and expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidential interval (CI). The results showed that age, sex, obesity, waist circumference, alcohol drinking and meat intakes were risk factors for hypertension. In contrast, cigarette smoking, exercise and the increased fish, fruit and vegetable (except Kimchi) consumption, blood lipid levels and FBG were not linked with the development of hypertension. Nutrient intakes were not associated with hypertension, either. In conclusion, we cannot assert that this study established the existence of the cause-and-effect relationship between nutrient intakes and risk of hypertension in the subjects, but it does suggest that this is a question worth investigating further using a larger scale of case-control study to determine how the past exposure to some nutrient or dietary component relates to the development of the disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1459-1466
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• 2010

This study was performed to identify the association between the metabolic syndrome and the biochemical measurements and nutrient intakes. A total of 1,431 people (533 males, 898 females) aged over 45 years living in Andong rural area participated in this study in 2003. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), $\gamma$-glutamyl transferase ($\gamma$-GT) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in metabolic syndrome were significantly higher than those in normal group. In multiple logistic regression, those biochemical measurements were found to be positively associated with the metabolic syndrome as the adjusted odds ratios (OR) 1.839 (p<0.001) by AST, 2.302 (p<0.01) by ALT, 2.143 (p<0.001) by $\gamma$-GT, and 1.874 (p<0.001) by TBARS. We also found that the increased level of those measurements tended to be strongly associated with high triglyceride among the metabolic syndrome components. However, the nutrient intakes between the metabolic syndrome and the normal group were not significantly different. Also, we could not find any nutrient intakes significantly associated with the metabolic syndrome, except high carbohydrate intake (>70% of kcal) compared to normal intake (55~70% of kcal) showed OR 0.781 (p<0.05). In analyzing the association of nutrient intakes with metabolic syndrome components, we found that the calorie intake was negatively associated with abdominal obesity (OR 0.696, p<0.05) and high fat intake (>25% of kcal) was positively associated with low HDL-cholesterol (OR 1.864, p<0.05). This study revealed that the biochemical measurements, such as plasma AST, ALT, $\gamma$-GT, and TBARS, are associated with metabolic syndrome, but considering the nutrient intakes, we suggest that further studies are needed to identify the associations.