• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.1015-1029
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• 2011

Conventional MCDA techniques have been used in the field of water resources in the past. A GIS can offer an effective spatial data-handling tool that can enhance water resources modeling through interfaces with sophisticated models. However, GIS systems have a limited capability as far as the analysis of the value structure is concerned. The MCDA techniques provide the tools for aggregating the geographical data and the decision maker's preferences into a one-dimensional value for analyzing alternative decisions. In other words, the MCDA allows multiple criteria to be used in deciding upon the best alternatives. The combination of GIS and MCDA capabilities is of critical importance in spatial multi-criteria analysis. The advantage of having spatial data is that it allows the consideration of the unique characteristics at every point. The purpose of this study is to identify, review, and evaluate the performance of a number of conventional MCDA techniques for integration with GIS. Even though there are a number of techniques which have been applied in many fields, this study will only consider the techniques that have been applied in floodplain decision-making problems. Two different methods for multi-criteria evaluation were selected to be integrated with GIS. These two algorithms are Compromise Programming (CP), Spatial Compromise Programming (SCP). The target region for a demonstration application of the methodology was the Suyoung River Basin in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.7-18
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• 2008

To realistically produce fluids such as smoke for the visual effects in the films or animations, we need two main processes: a physics-based modeling of smoke and a rendering of smoke simulation data, based on light transport theory. In the computer graphics community, the physics-based fluids simulation is generally adopted for smoke modeling. Recently, the interest of the particle-based Lagrangian simulation methods is increasing due to the advantages at simulation time, instead of the grid-based Eulerian simulation methods which was widely used. As a result, because the smoke rendering technique depends heavily on the modeling method, the research for rendering of the particle-based smoke data still remains challenging while the research for rendering of the grid-based smoke data is actively in progress. This paper focuses on realistic rendering technique for the smoke particles produced by Lagrangian simulation method. This paper introduces a technique which is called particle map, that is the expansion and modification of photon mapping technique for the particle data. And then, this paper suggests the novel particle map technique and shows the differences and improvements, compared to previous work. In addition, this paper presents irradiance map technique which is the pre-calculation of the multiple scattering term in the volume rendering equation to enhance efficiency at rendering time.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.9-14
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• 2006

Estimations of depth, magnetic orientation, and strength of dipole moments aid discrimination between unexploded ordnance (UXO) and non-UXO using magnetic surveys. Such estimations may be hindered by geologic noise, magnetic clutter, and overlapping tails of nearby dipole fields. An improved method of inversion for anomalies of single or multiple dipoles with arbitrary polarization was developed to include intra-inversion filtering and estimation of background field gradients. Data interpolated to grids are flagged so that only nodes nearest to measurement stations are used. To apply intra-inversion filtering to such data requires a gapped filter. Moreover, for data with significant gaps in coverage, or along the edges or corners of survey areas, intra-inversion filters must be appropriately modified. To that end, edge-adaptive and gapped gradient-nulling filters have been designed and tested. Applications are shown for magnetic field data from Chongcho Lake, Sokcho, Korea and the U. S. Army's Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.477-482
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• 2015

Linear regressions and evolutionary nonlinear regression based compensation techniques for the short-range prediction of wind speed are investigated. Development of an efficient MOS(Model Output Statistics) is necessary to correct systematic errors of the model, but a linear regression based MOS is hard to manage an irregular nature of weather prediction. In order to solve the problem, a nonlinear and symbolic regression method using GP(Genetic Programming) is suggested for a development of MOS for wind speed prediction. The proposed method is compared to various linear regression methods for prediction of wind speed. Also, statistical analysis of distribution for UM elements for each method is executed. experiments are performed for KLAPS(Korea Local Analysis and Prediction System) re-analysis data from 2007 to 2013 year for Jeju Island and Busan area in South Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.308.2-308.2
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• 2014

최근 III-N계 물질 기반의 광 반도체 중 m-면 사파이어 기판을 사용하여 반극성 (11-22) GaN박막을 성장하는 광반도체의 발광효율을 높이려는 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 하지만, 반극성 (11-22) GaN와 m-면 사파이어 기판과의 큰 격자상수 차이와 결정학적 이방성의 차이에 의해 많은 결정 결함이 발생하게 된다. 이러한 결정결함들은 반극성 LED소자내에서 누설전류 및 비발광 재결합, 순방향전압 등의 소자특성을 저하시키는 큰 요인이 되기 때문에 고효율 발광소자를 제작함에 있어 어려움을 야기시킨다. 이러한, 반극성 LED 소자의 효율 향상을 위해 결함 분석에 대한 연구를 주를 이루고 있는 상황으로, n-GaN층에 Si도핑에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 이미 극성과 비극성에서는 n-GaN층에 Si이 도핑이 증가될수록 결정질이 향상되고, 양자우물의 계면의 질도 향상 되었다는 보고가 있다. 본 연구에서는 반극성 (11-22) GaN 기반의 발광소자를 제작함에 있어 n-GaN 층의 도핑 농도 변화를 통한 반극성 GaN 박막의 결정성 및 전기적 특성 변화에 따른 LED소자의 전계 발광 특성에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 금속유기화학증착법을 이용하여 m-면 사파이어 기판에 $2.0{\mu}m$두께의 반극성 (11-22) GaN 박막을 저온 GaN완충층이 존재하지 않는 고온 1단계 성장법을 기반으로 성장하였다.[3] 이후, $2.0{\mu}m$ 반극성 (11-22) GaN 박막 위에 $3.5{\mu}m$ 두께의 n-GaN 층을 성장시켰다. 이때, n-형 도펀트로 SiH4 가스를 4.9, 9.8, 19.6, 39.2 sccm으로 변화하여 성장하였다. 이 4가지 반극성 (11-22) n-GaN 템플릿을 이용하여 동일 구조의 InGaN/GaN 다중양자우물구조와 p-GaN을 성장하여 LED 구조를 제작하였다. X-선 ${\omega}$-rocking curve를 분석한 결과, 이러한 특성은 반극성 (11-22) n-GaN층의 Si 도핑농도 증가에 따라서 각 (0002), (11-20), (10-10) 면에서 결정 결함이 감소하고, 반극성 (11-22) n형 GaN템플릿을 이용하여 성장된 반극성 GaN계 LED소자는 20mA인가 시 도핑 농도 증가에 따라 9.2 V에서 5.8 V로 전압이 감소하였으며 역방향 전류에서도 누설전류가 감소함이 확인되었다. 또한, 전계 발광세기도 증가하였는데, 이는 반극성 n형 GaN박막의 실리콘 도핑농도 증가에 따라 하부 GaN층의 결정성이 향상과 더불어 광학적 특성이 향상되고, n형 GaN층의 전자 농도 및 이동도의 동시 증가에 따라 전기적 특성이 향상 됨에 따라 LED소자의 전계 발광 특성이 향상된 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.108-115
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• 2017

We report the assembly procedure and performance evaluation of a visible and near-infrared spectrometer in the wavelength region of 400-900 nm, which is later to be combined with fore-optics (a telescope) to form a f/2.5 imaging spectrometer with a field of view of ${\pm}7.68^{\circ}$. The detector at the final image plane is a $640{\times}480$ charge-coupled device with a $24{\mu}m$ pixel size. The spectrometer is in an Offner relay configuration consisting of two concentric, spherical mirrors, the secondary of which is replaced by a convex grating mirror. A double-pass test method with an interferometer is often applied in the assembly process of precision optics, but was excluded from our study due to a large residual wavefront error (WFE) in optical design of 210 nm ($0.35{\lambda}$ at 600 nm) root-mean-square (RMS). This results in a single-path test method with a Shack-Hartmann sensor. The final assembly was tested to have a RMS WFE increase of less than 90 nm over the entire field of view, a keystone of 0.08 pixels, a smile of 1.13 pixels and a spectral resolution of 4.32 nm. During the procedure, we confirmed the validity of using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor to monitor alignment in the assembly of an Offner-like spectrometer.