• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 2019

A protocol for the in vitro propagation of Chamaecyparis obtusa was established in the present study. Multi-shoots were initiated from apical shoot explants from germinants after 10 weeks of culture on Litvay medium (LM) supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinin. The effects of pre-treatment with high concentrations of cytokinin and varying concentrations (0.2 to 5.0 mg/L) of zeatin on in vitro shoot elongation and shoot multiplication were investigated. Optimal shoot growth was achieved on LM medium, with over 10-mm shoots after 10 weeks of culture. In the anti-browning tests, ethanesulfonic acid triggered the least browning in the shoot tips. The highest multi-shoot induction was observed in the 0.5-mg/L zeatin treatments, which yielded 80% induction of shoots after 10 weeks of culture, and maximum shoot elongation was observed in the LM basal medium without the hormone. The highest rooting rates were 65% under 0.2 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.79-82
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• 2004

The effect of abscisic acid (ABA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on bulblet formation from the culture of Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum Makino was studied. Shoot clumps were cultured on MS medium containing ABA (0, 0.01∼2.0mg/L) and MeJA (0.01∼5.0mg/L). ABA at low concentrations (0.01mg/L) induced shoot proliferation without bulblet formation. However, bulblet formation started on the medium containing MeJA approximately in 4-6 weeks of culture. Furthermore, 1.0mg/L MeJA resulted in bulblet formation at high frequency (100％) as compare to the control (46.1％). Cortical cells of the bulblets enlarged on medium with MeJA had dense protein-like substance in expanded and round cells when examined under the microscope. The data described here show that formation and enlargement of bulblets from Allium victorialis can be improved by addition of appropriate concentration of MeJA.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.165-171
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• 2009

This experiment was conducted to extend utility of in-vitro culture material stalk and to mass produce uniform plants in Phalaenopsis. The optimal concentration of hyponex medium and plant hormone were examined. The most effective concentration of the hyponex in the flower stalk tissue culture of Phalaenopsis was $4mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The most effective concentration of TDZ and BA on the formation of multiple shoots in Phalaenopsis flower stalk culture was $0.3mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. TDZ was more effective for formation of the shoots and multiple shoots than BA at the basic medium with hyponex $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2008

In vitro culture of shoot tip of garlic (Allium sativium L. cv. Seosan) was carried out to find medium condition of the induction of multiple shoots and bulbing for muliproduction of virus-free seed bulbs. For this work, tank culture was introduced. In shoot tip culture on MS solid medium the induction of multiple shoots and bulbing were better by adding 3% sucrose than 8%. Supplementation with 2mg/L 2ip and 0.2 mg/L IAA in this medium was effective. Three point three shoots including 2.7 bulbs were formed from a shoot tip after cultivation for 30 days on this medium. Bulbing of garlic in liquid culture with plastic water tank of 20L supplied air at the side of the lower part was better by adding 3% sucrose than 8% by subculture for 45 days with shoots obtained from shoot tip culture for 30 days on soid MS medium. Shoot growth was vigorous at 3% sucrose however bulb growth was more effective on the medium of 8% sucrose. Because of the effectiveness on solid medium added 3% sucrose, 2 mg/L 2ip and 0.2 mg/L IAA for initial production of multi-shoot in stem tip culture and the effectiveness in liquid culture with water tank for growth of bulbs, the method of two-step culture could be introduced for the multiple production of seed bulb of high quality. It was more desirable by supply of 0.2 mg/L BA and 0.02 mg/L NAA at tank culture time. But growth of the bulbs became poor by increasing concentration of NAA of the medium.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2014

Dendrobium candidum is one of the well-known orchid on traditional and rare medicinal herb in China. We artificially cultured protocorm-like body and multiple shoots using the bioreactor culture system from Dendrobium candidum and experimented an efficacy as a cosmetic ingredient for skin care. Several studies previously have reported anti-tumor, wound healing and immunological function of Dendrobium candidum but other efficacies were not well known. In the present study, we investigated the cosmetic efficacy to know applicable value of protocorm-like body and multiple shoots cultured from Dendrobium candidum as a cosmetic ingredient. The biological activities of extracts from protocorm-like body, multiple shoots, aerial part and underground part of Dendrobium candidum were investigated. Results were found that extracts of protocorm-like body are superior to other extracts (underground part, aerial part and multiple shoots extracts) on anti-oxidant effect. Also, protocorm-like body extract contained the phenolic and flavonoid compounds more than aerial part, underground part and multiple shoots extracts. In addition, we investigated skin whitening effect related to whitening of skin. In tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis assay, multiple shoots extract is superior to other extracts (aerial part, underground part and protocorm-like body), on inhibitory effect of tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis respectively. These results indicate that the protocorm-like body and multiple shoots extracts cultured from Dendrobium candidum presents a new possibility of being applicable to skin improvement as a cosmetic ingredient.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.239-246
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• 2008

This study was conducted to establishment of in vitro micropropagation through induction of multiple shoots from axillary bud culture in Calanthe discolor Lindl. Shoots initiation from axillary bud was the most effective on half strength MS medium supplemented with $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA and $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ during four weeks of dark culture followed by culture under a 16-h photoperiod. Multiple shoots (12.5 shoots per explant) were proliferated on half strength MS medium containing $4.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ TDZ and $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IBA. On the other hands, the abnormally emerged shoots during the multiple shoot proliferation stage were recovered to normal shoots on half strength MS hormone free medium. Multiple shoots were well elongated and rooted on half strength MS medium with $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA. The plantlets were acclimatized up to 100% on TKS substrate after pretreating with $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA for 30 min. and these plantlets showed good growth as well.

• The Korean Chronic Disease News
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• no.162
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• pp.8-9
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• 1994

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.301-306
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• 2004

Multiple shoots of garlic (Allium sativum L.) were propagated in bioreactors containing MS medium supplemented with 2% sucrose for 3 weeks. Microbulbs were induced on MS medium supplemented with 0.1mg/L NAA and 11% sucrose for 9 weeks. For multiple shoot proliferation, leaves in the shoot must be removed before cultures. When the multiple shoots were cultured without removal of leaves, more than 90% of hyperhydricity and no microbulb formation were observed. Histological observation also indicated irregular size and shape of the cells in hyperhydricity of the shoot. Microbulbs were strarted to form from the shoot after 7 weeks of culture by protuberance of adventitious shoot buds followed by inner periclinal divisions and simultaneous anticlinical division in the epidermis of meristematic bulge. Analysis of ploidy level indicated no phenotypic variations in both multiple shoots and microbulbs induced from the mother plant, suggesting genetic homogeneity among the regenerants.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.455-468
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• 2013

We performed reconnaissance survey on Dashinchilen Nb-Ta REE area and Sant Cu area which are located in southeastern part of Khangai rare metals mineralized belt. In Dashinchilen area, Nb and Ta have been found in pegmatitic granite that is largely distributed in the survey area and muscovite in pegmatite which is an intrusion in paleozoic sedimentary rocks which are mostly composed of sandstone. While grades of Nb and Ta are not high, an outcrop that has high Th and U contents (542 ppm of Th and 56.9 ppm of U) has been found. Average and maximum REE contents in the survey area is three times and seven times, respectively, larger than average REE contents in the crust of the Earth. In Sant area, copper oxides such as malachite has been found in quartzite in paleozoic sedimentary rocks. A sedimentary rock formation that has high grade of Mn (12.4-34.6 %) has been found in the survey area. This sedimentary rock formation is the same formation with that of Ugii Nuur Fe-Mn mineralization which is located about 200 km northwest of the survey area. Average and maximum REE contents in the survey area is two and half times and seven times, respectively, larger than average REE contents in the crust of the Earth. According to the factor analysis for the data of the geochemical analysis, Nb and Ta in Dashinchilen area are highly correlated with muscovite and Cu in Sant area is highly correlated with Mo, Sn, and Bi. Furthermore, the factor analysis results show that Fe in Sant area was deposited with rare earth elements.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.303-307
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• 2006

We describe here an efficient in vitro propagation method of Silene acaulis subsp. arctica (Caryophyllaceae), one of the higher arctic angiosperms, through the multiple shoot regeneration after callus induction from the radicle. The seeds of S. acaulis subsp. arctica collected from Svalbard, the Norwegian Arctic, were germinated and calli were induced from the radicle on solid MS media supplemented with 0.25mg/L 2,4-D and 1mg/L $GA_3$ at both $10{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;and\;23{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ Two weeks after callus induction, the multiple shoots were efficiently regenerated on the MS media supplemented with 0.25 g/L BA and 0.05mg/L HPh. The total biomass increment of regenerated shoots increased most efficiently of S. acaulis subsp. afctica was showed the maximum efficiency in at $23{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ on 1/2 MS salt strength. The multiple regenerated plantlets of S. acaulis subsp. arctics were grown to normal plants on soil.