• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.161-161
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• 2020

최근 기후변화와 여름철 고온 등으로 인한 녹조현상, 화학물질 및 유류 유출 등 화학사고로 인한 하천의 수질오염과 관련된 사회적 관심이 높아지고 있다. 특히, 화학사고로 인한 유해화학물질 유출은 인체에 접촉 시 악영향을 끼치며, 대기·수질·토양을 오염시키고 주변 농작물의 변색이나 괴사를 유발하는 등의 피해를 야기하기 때문에 적절한 조치와 대응이 필요하다. 환경부에서는 유해화학물질 유출사고로 인한 국민건강 및 환경상의 위해를 예방하기 위해 화학물질관리법과 화학물질 등록 및 평가에 관한 법률을 제정하여 유해화학물질을 관리하고 화학사고에 대응하고 있다. 그러나, 화학사고 발생 시 공장 인근의 먼지, 악취 등을 감시하기 위해 현장인력에 의존하거나 화학물질의 유출이 우려되는 곳에 제한적으로 검출센서를 설치해 사고를 감시하고 있어 검출센서 미설치 지역에 대한 능동적 탐지가 어렵고, 화학물질의 공간적 분포 탐지가 불가능하여 초동 대응에 한계가 있다. 한편 최근 초분광 영상을 활용하여 물질 고유의 분광특성을 분석함으로써 토지피복, 식생, 수질 등의 식별에 활용되고 있다. 따라서 초분광 센서를 활용한 화학물질 감지 가능성도 보여주고 있지만, 초분광 센서를 활용한 하천의 화학물질 감지를 위한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 유해화학물질 18종을 대상으로 초분광 영상을 이용한 상호 구분이 가능한 지 확인하고자 해당 유해화학물질의 초분광 영상을 촬영하여 분광라이브러리를 구축하였다. 또한 물질별 특성을 보이는 분광밴드의 범위를 지정해 특성 분광라이브러리를 구축하였으며, 해당 과정에 대한 표준 및 절차를 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 절차에 따라 18종의 유해화학물질 분광라이브러리와 특성 분광라이브러리를 구축한 결과, 유해화학물질의 식별 가능성을 확인하였다. 향후 연구를 통해 유해화학물질 분광라이브러리 데이터베이스를 확대하고, 실시간 모니터링에 적용할 경우 신속한 화학사고 발생여부 감지 및 대응에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.24-33
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• 2009

Objectives: In September 2008, an outbreak of diarrhea occurred among students attending Y school in Yeongcheon-si. Shigella sonnei was cultured from some of the rectal swabs. An epidemiological investigation was carried out to determine the source of the infection and the mode of transmission of the shigellosis outbreak. Methods: The index case lived in the D rehabilitation facility in Gyeongsan-si and an additional epidemiological investigation was carried out there. The cases could not be questioned due to their mental handicaps. The teachers were interviewed instead. A patient case was defined as a resident with diarrhea more than one time a day from September 18 to September 26, 2008 or a resident with confirmed Shigella sonnei at the Y school or the D rehabilitation facility. Results: The attack rate was 1.2% (8 persons) among 659 persons in the Y school and D rehabilitation facility. Five persons were microbiologically confirmed to have the infection and three persons were diagnosed on the basis of symptoms. Shigella sonnei was cultured from five of the 659 rectal swabs. However, 80 environmental specimens including drinking water, preserved foods, and cooking utensils were negative. All eight patients were Y school students and had been living in group boarding and lodging. Six of them lived in the D rehabilitation facility and two lived in the dormitory at the Y school. Five cases showed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns that were identical for Shigella sonnei. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the infection source of the shigellosis outbreak, in the two places, were identical. It is likely that the infections initially spread from a teacher or volunteer and then among the students.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2014

The purpose of the current study was to identify expectations regarding aging and health-promoting behaviors and to examine whether expectation regarding aging was associated with health-promoting behaviors among community-residing Korean adults. Data were collected from 233 adults dwelling in the community of Daegu and Kyungpook province. The influence of expectations regarding on health-promoting behaviors was analyzed through hierarchical multiple regression controlling for sociodemographic variables. As a result, the mean score of expectations regarding aging was significantly lower in 40s and 50s than 20s and 30s. The participants had the lowest expectations regarding aging in terms of physical health domain and the highest expectations in terms of mental health domain. No significant differences were found in health-promoting behaviors among different age groups. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, expectations regarding aging were independently associated with health-promoting behaviors in adults in 20s~30s but not in those in 40s~50s. The findings suggest the need for encouraging Korean adults to strive for having positive and active perspective on aging and for getting higher expectations regarding aging, in particular, for 20s and 30s, as a health-promoting strategy.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.888-894
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• 2009

Recently, touch screen systems with direct touch interfaces are prevailing in digital products such as MP3's, DMB's, PDA's and navigators, which give rise to new interface issues related to speed, feedback and accuracy, and consider additional considerations for solving those issues in evaluation processes. Although paper prototyping method, the one of applicable methods, is efficient ways to evaluate the touch interface, it still requires a certain amount of adaptations for touch interfaces. This study aims to identify emerged issues regarding to paper-prototyping method for the evaluation of touch interface, to come up with alternatives for applying the method. The study started with analyzing the touch interface in digital products, and suggests the 'Touch Wheel' interface based on mainly used interface. 'Touch Wheel' interface allows the user searching for her/his favorite songs by rolling 'wheel-like' menu list. The Userbility test was conducted by 24 MP3 users with 4 times, and based on such conditions as materials, making methods and evaluating process of paper prototyping for evaluating the touch interface, effective alternatives were considered in each evaluation steps. As a result, paper prototypes for evaluating the touch interface should give active operations to subjects by offering direct experience, so as to provide subjects with proper feedbacks and for designers to collect effective alternatives for expected problems in initial interface design process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.275-283
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• 2002

To detect the position and depth of buried underground utilities, method of Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) survey is the most commonly used. However, the skin-depth of GPR is very shallow, and in the places where subsurface materials are not homogeneous and are compose of clays and/or salts and gravels, GPR method has limitations in application and interpretation. The aim of this study is to overcome these limitations of GPR survey. For this purpose the site where the GPR survey is unsuccessful to detect the underground big pipes is selected, and soil tests were conducted to confirm the reason why GPR method was not applicable. Non-destructive high-frequency electromagnetic (HFEM) survey was newly developed and was applied in the study area to prove the effectiveness of this new technique. The frequency ranges $2kHz{\sim}4MHz$ and the skin depth is about 30m. The HFEM measures the electric field and magnetic field perpendicular to each other to get the impedance from which vertical electric resistivity distribution at the measured point can be deduced. By adopting the capacitive coupled electrodes, it can make the measuring time shorter, and can be applied to the places covered by asphalt an and/or concrete. In addition to the above mentioned advantages, noise due to high-voltage power line is much reduced by stacking the signals. As a result, the HFEM was successful in detecting the buried underground objects. Therefore this method is a promising new technique that can be applied in the lots of fields, such as geotechnical and archaeological surveys.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.237-244
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• 2010

Utricularia forms small, but complex carnivorous trap along the stem either in water or in soil depending upon species. The shapes and sizes of the traps, appendages, and trichomes are known to differ among aquatic, terrestrial and epiphytic species. In the present study, the morphology and microstructure of the trap in aquatic Utricularia japonica and terrestrial U. livida were examined using light and electron microscopy. The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of trap features between the aquatic and terrestrial species. The trap was found to be comprised of a thin walled bladder with numerous capitate trichomes, two-armed bifid and four-armed quadrifid glands in both species; however, the traps of the two species were different in size, and number and morphology of the trichomes and glands. Aquatic Utricularia was chlorenchymatous with chloroplasts distributed throughout the body, whereas the terrestrial species was translucent without plastids due to an adaptation to underground habitats. Furthermore, the former differed considerably in that the traps developed antenna and appendages around the entrance area. A peculiar trap entrance was also noted in U. livida, which exhibited radiating rows of various trichomes within funnel-shaped tissue. A large number of glandular trichomes covered the entrance area and door surface with four trigger hairs each in the aquatic form but only two in the terrestrial form. The glandular trichomes near the door secreted a large amount of mucilage that temporarily composed the velum in the U. japonica, however, it was not observed in the terrestrial species. All of the aforementioned features were highly related in their structure and function during carnivorous mechanism in Utricularia. The current findings provide important data for further comparison of the different life forms within Utricularia.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2010

Morphology and microstructure of the suction trap in aquatic Utricularia japonica were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Branched stems bear numerous suction traps without root formation. The traps are derived axillary from the node, and their antennae and appendages extend in a peculiar fashion. The trap walls are thin, two-celled, parenchyma tissue and simple, small glands are scattered in both internal and external surface of the trap. The entrance of the trap is surrounded by one pair of dorsal antennae and ventral appendages, where the former guides the prey to the entrance. Trap door is situated below the entrance and numerous sessile and stalked capitate trichomes cover the entrance and even on the door surface. The capitate trichomes are secretory, but four trigger hairs formed on the central areas of the door are not. They are believed to function in activating and tripping the trap door. A specialized region of the threshold come in contact with the lower portion of the door upon closing. The secretory capitate trichomes near this region are responsible for producing and secreting a mucilage-like substance which composes the velum. Two-armed bifid glands are located in the interior side of the threshold, while four-armed quadrifid glands are considerably numerous occurring over the entire inner trap wall. Bifid and quadrifid glands develop semi-spherical basal cells that connect them to the inner wall surface. Antennae, trigger hairs, capitate trichomes, bifid and quadrifid glands are more important structures in the carnivory of U. japonica.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2008

Carnivorous plants vary in their unique features of morphology, ultrastructure and biochemical properties by species. Furthermore, prey-capturing mechanism as well as structural and physiological adaptations have been used for grouping various carnivorous species. In Drosera plants, glandular trichomes, which develop in the leaf epidermis, are known to play the most important role during the prey capturing process. The present study examined such trichomes, focusing on the glandular type, in leaves of Drosera anglica using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Three types of rudimentary glandular trichomes were found to develop within the folded leaf primordia and immature leaf during early development. The first type, stalked glandular trichomes (Type I), occurred on the margin and upper epidermis of the leaf. With maturation, the longest glandular trichomes having lengthy stalks, ca. $2.2{\sim}5.1\;mm$, developed along the margin, while shorter stalked trichomes, ca. up to $200\;{\mu}m$, were found on the inner leaf blade. The shorter ones consisted of a globose head having two layers of secretory cells, parenchyma bell cells and tracheids and a multicellular stalk. The stalks gradually decreased in length in centripetal fashion. The second type, Type II, having ca. $15{\sim}30\;{\mu}m$ short stalks, also developed along the inner blade. Both types secreted mucilage from the secretory cells which had a thin cell wall and cuticle layer. The sessile six-celled glandular trichomes were the third type, Type III, and were $25{\sim}40\;{\mu}m$ in length. They were distributed most commonly throughout the upper and lower epidermis, petiole and even on the stalk surfaces of the first two types of trichomes. The third type was also found to be involved in the active secretion. In prey capturing leaves, all trichome types secreted substances through thin cuticles in the head cell wall, which exhibited relatively loose wall components.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.21
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• pp.155-175
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• 2009

RFID that provide automatic identification by reading a tag attached to material through radio frequency without direct touch has some specification, such as rapid identification, long distance identification and penetration, so it is being used for distribution, transportation and safety by using the frequency of 125KHz, 134KHz, 13.56MHz, 433.92MHz, 900MHz, and 2.45GHz. Also it is one of main part of Ubiquitous that means connecting to net-work any time and any place they want. RFID is expected to be new growth industry worldwide, so Korean government think it as prospective field and promote research project and exhibition business program to linked with industry effectively. RFID could be used for access control of person and vehicle according to section and for personal certify with password. RFID can provide more confident security than magnetic card, so it could be used to prevent forgery of register card, passport and the others. Active RFID could be used for protecting operation service using it's long distance date transmission by application with positioning system. And RFID's identification and tracking function can provide effective visitor management through visitor's register, personal identification, position check and can control visitor's movement in the secure area without their approval. Also RFID can make possible of the efficient management and prevention of loss of carrying equipments and others. RFID could be applied to copying machine to manager and control it's user, copying quantity and It could provide some function such as observation of copy content, access control of user. RFID tag adhered to small storage device prevent carrying out of item using the position tracking function and control carrying-in and carrying-out of material efficiently. magnetic card and smart card have been doing good job in identification and control of person, but RFID can do above functions. RFID is very useful device but we should consider the prevention of privacy during its application.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2009

The trapping leaves of Drosera capture insects by secreting sticky mucilage from numerous glandular trichomes (GTs) that are developed on the leaf epidermis. The present study examines and compares the structural features of those trichomes in Drosera binata and D. pygmy with the use of light and electron microscopy. The study focuses primarily on the development and differentiation pattern of the GTs during growth. Upon examination, the upper and lower epidermis were readily distinguishable by the features of GTs in developing leaves. In particular, the GTs were dense in the upper epidermis and along the leaf margin. In D. binata, the capitate GTs with elongated stalk and sessile peltate GTs were found most commonly, whereas only capitate GTs with varying degrees of the stalk length were observed in D. pygmy. Up to ca. $2.2{\sim}3.4\;mm$ long capitate GTs were seen in the leaf margins of D. binata and ca. $3.7{\sim}4.2\;mm$ long GTs having racket-like head with adaxial hemispheric structures, otherwise known as tentacles, were noted in the leaf margin of D. pygmy. The peltate GTs were found to be distributed in the lower epidermis of D. binata. In both species, head cells were dense with cytoplasm containing high numbers of Golgi bodies, ER, mitochondria and small vesicles. Secretory materials accumulated within numerous small vacuoles, then fused together to form a single large vacuole, which serves as a secretory cavity. Flection movement of the marginal GTs and leaf blade GTs, and increased mucilage secretion from the head cells upon contact with prey during the capturing process are considered to be major factors in their active insectivorous mechanism. The findings of this study will be useful in comparisons to similar findings in other species that form adhesive trapping leaves, such as Drosophyllum or Pinguicula., further contributing a better understanding of the function and structure of the trapping leaves of carnivorous plants.