• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.80-80
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• 2011

이 연구는 일종의 비형식 교육기관인, 과학관 전시물의 배열과 설명문의 구조에 대한 논증적 접근을 목표로 하고 있다. 그러한 접근을 통하여 서대문 자연사 과학관 전시물 배열의 문제점과 새로운 전시물 배열방식을 제안한다. 이를 위해 첫째, 우리는 논증을 바탕으로 전시물 배열의 거시와 미시적 관점의 점검 기준을 설정하였다. 이 분석 결과를 바탕으로 서대문 자연사 박물관 지구의 탄생분야의 전시의 배열에 대한 개선점을 제안한다. 분석은 Booth 등(2008)의 논증에 기초하여 공룡은 다른 동물들에 비해서 어떻게 그렇게 번창하였는가? 그 이유는 무엇인가? 무엇이 이 주장과 이유를 지지하는 증거인가? 질문들을 다루었다. 따라서 이러한 논증 식 전시물 배열이 서대문 자연사 박물관 전시 배열에 도입된다면 더 좋은 전시 효과를 얻을 수 있다고 결론 짓는다.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.105-122
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• 2024

This study analyzed the research trends of 101 articles published in prominent international mathematics education journals over 24 years from 2000, when NCTM's recommendation emphasizing argumentation was released, until September 2023. We first examined the overall trend of argumentation research and then analyzed representative research topics. We found that students were the focus of the studies. However, several studies focused on teachers. More studies were examined in secondary school than in elementary school, and many were conducted in argumentation in classroom contexts. We also found that argumentation research is becoming increasingly popular in international journals. The representative research topics included 'teaching practice,' 'argumentation structure,' 'proof,' 'student understanding,' and 'student reasoning.' Based on our findings, we could categorize three perspectives on argumentation: formal, contextual, and purposeful. This paper concludes with implications on the meaning and role of argumentation in Korean mathematics education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.739-751
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• 2010

The research reported in this study focused on an analysis of argumentation in the inquiry discourse among pre-service science teachers. For about 3 months, 7 groups of 24 pre-service science teachers participated in an open-ended inquiry and performed 10 inquiry discourses. All discourses were collected by video-recording and transcribed. To analyze features of argumentation discourse, analytic tools derived from Toulmin's argument pattern and cognitive argumentation scheme were applied to discussion transcripts. The results were as follows: First, the order of frequency in the analysis of 'meaning unit' was 'claim-warrant-data-rebuttal-backing.' Second, the order of frequency in the analysis of 'dialogue unit' was 'CW-CD-CDW-CWR-CR'. Third, more rebuttals were found than other discussions. Fourth, the second argumentative discussion showed a higher level than the first.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.919-929
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• 2015

This study aims to develop a modeling-based learning program about geologic structures and to reveal the relationship between the argumentation patterns and levels of students' mental models. Participants included 126 second grade high school students in four sessions of modeling-based learning regarding continental drift, oceanic ridges, transform faults, and characteristics of faults. A modeling-based learning program was implemented in two classes of the experimental group, and teacher-centered traditional classes were carried out for the other students in the comparison group. Science achievement scores and the distribution of students' mental models in experimental and comparison groups were quantitatively compared. The video-taped transcripts of five teams' argumentation were qualitatively analyzed based on the analytic framework developed in the study. The analytic framework for coding students' argumentation in the modeling-based learning was composed of five components of TAP and the corresponding components containing alternative concepts. The results suggest that the frequencies of causal two-dimensional model and cubic model were high in the experimental group, while the frequencies of simple two-dimensional model and simple cross sectional model were high in the comparison group. The higher the frequency of claims, an argumentation pattern was proven successful, and the level of mental model was higher. After the rebuttal was suggested, students observed the model again and claimed again according to new data. Therefore, the model could be confirmed as having a positive impact on students' argumentation process.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.611-620
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to explore the structure and content of chemistry teacher's explanations from the perspective of 'persuasion'. Especially, this study was to explore how the argument structure and the conceptual change constructs in chemistry teachers' explanations were established and interacted. Data were collected from chemistryI classes considering the gas unit which includes kinetic theory of gas, Graham's law, Boyle's law, and Charles' law. The classes were vediotaped and transcribed. The transcriptions were analyzed with Toulmin's argument frame and the two constructs of conceptual change model; the conceptual ecology and the status of a conception to interpret the persuasive structure and content of the teacher's explanations. As the results of this study, four explanatory discourses which show various persuasive explanations in chemistry classes. Based on this results, discussion and implications for effective teachers' explanations in chemistry classes were presented.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.79.1-79.1
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• 2011

비형식교육의 장인 과학관은 전시물과 그 전시물을 설명한 판넬 등을 통하여 교육적 기능을 담당한다. 비형식 교육의 중요성 때문에, 과학관 전시는 전시물과 내용이 관람자와 교감하고 상호작용해야 할 뿐만 아니라 관람자에게 설득적으로 구성될 필요가 있으며, 하나의 공간에서 학습과 휴식이 어우러지면서 즐거움을 제공할 수 있어야한다. 이러한 과학관 전시의 요구사항을 충족시키기 위하여 가장 우선적으로 도입할 수 있는 방법이 스토리텔링이다. 스토리텔링은 '이야기하다'로서 관람객들에게 흥미 유발의 기능을 가지며, 그 효과가 단순 나열식보다 훨씬 크다. 하지만 스토리텔링기법에도 지식과 정보량에 있어서는 단점이 있다. 이것을 보완하기 위한 한 방법으로 전시물 설명에 논증 기법의 도입이 대두되고 있다. 즉, 거시적인 관점에서는 스토리텔링을 이용한 하나의 스토리를 도입하는 한편, 미시적인 관점에서는 논증의 구조를 따른 설명문을 이용한다면, 관람객들에게 흥미와 함께 지식과 정보를 모두 줄 수 있다. 이 연구에서는 논증과 스토리텔링의 조화된 결합을 통해 과학관의 전시를 재배열하는 작업을 수행하였다. 거시적인 관점과 미시적인 관점에서의 점검기준으로 영국의 자연사 박물관과 국립과천과학관 자연사관 우주와 지구관의 전시물의 구조를 분석 하였다. 그 결과 영국의 자연사 박물관과는 달리 국립과천과학관의 전시물은 스토리 내용, 설명문의 내용, 체험위주의 전시물이 부족하였다. 따라서 현 과천과학관의 전시물에 대해 스토리텔링과 Booth 등(2008)과 Lawson(2003)의 논증과의 조화를 도입하는 것이 바람직하다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to characterize students' conceptions on causes of the phases of the moon. For this purpose, students were given a worksheet for argumentative writing activity where in they need to choose the right answer between five statements and provide reasonable evidences about causes of the phases of the moon. Written arguments collected were used as analysis data and TAP(Toulmin's argument pattern) including conceptual analysis of TAP elements were utilized to figure out logical structures and subordinate conceptions. The result showed that students had various alternative concepts about causes of the phases of the moon and associated with celestial. Also 70.5% of subjects had incomplete argument structures, and error types of concepts had difference according to types of alternative concepts as well as TAP. These results mean that importance of checking students' preconceptions, need of scientific argumentation, and appropriate instructional strategies considering alternative conception types and fallacy types that students had.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.321-336
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• 2020

We explore automated scoring models of scientific argumentation. We consider how a new analytical approach using a machine learning technique may enhance the understanding of spoken argumentation in the classroom. We sampled 2,605 utterances that occurred during a high school student's science class on molecular structure and classified the utterances into five argumentative elements. Next, we performed Text Preprocessing for the classified utterances. As machine learning techniques, we applied support vector machines, decision tree, random forest, and artificial neural network. For enhancing the identification of rebuttal elements, we used a heuristic feature-engineering method that applies experts' classification of morphemes of scientific argumentation.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2006

study was to explore the patterns and the characteristics of students' interactive argumentation in the middle school science classes. The data were collected by observing and audiotaping the small-group discussions and the transcribed data were analyzed through the lens of Toulmin's argument frame. As the results, the three argumentation patterns, which could be combined different ideas with or without their warrants, were presented. In the first pattern, the argumentation including the claim and its warrant without any different ideas, the students argumentation did not have any conflict with each other in the discussions. In the second, the argumentation of different ideas without their warrants, the different ideas did not affect the claim. In the last, the argumentation of different ideas with their warrants, the students elaborated the claim through collaborative argumentation in search for the warrant. To understand and improve student discussions in the science classrooms, conclusion and implications were discussed based on the results.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.393-407
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• 2014

The Government Informatization Policy Plan represents the government's technology policy vision and a set of ICT policy agenda and initiatives for the tenure of the government. The Policy Plan, however, normally produces an excess of disconcerted and superfluous ICT policy proposals from various policy units in the government. To cope with the superficiality of the ICT policy set in the Policy Plan, this paper proposes an analysis of the epistemology of the policy set. A policy is constructed as an argument and the structure of the policy argument is analysed using a model of argumentation. The findings show that the present informatization policy is driven by three epistemological motives - the production, consumption, and performance of the ICT Technology. The various assumptions and premises that underlie and direct the generation of ICT policy arguments with different motives are idenfied and then are exposed to strong rebuttal arguments to evaluate their epistemological tenability. The policy implications of the epistemological analysis are discussed in the end.