• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2020

오염물질 유출 사고가 발생했을 경우 안전한 수자원의 관리 및 공급을 위해 오염물질의 혼합거동에 대한 정확한 해석이 필요하다. 하천에 유입된 오염물질의 혼합 거동에 영향을 미치는 인자들은 다양하지만, 수리구조물 등에 의해 발생한 저흐름 영역에 의해 오염물질이 정체되는 현상에 대한 연구는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 특히, 국내 하천에는 약 33,000여 개가 넘는 취수보가 설치되어 있으며, 이 보들은 대부분 광정보 형태의 농업용수 취수를 목적으로 하고 있다. 이러한 보에는 저유량 시기에 보 상하류간의 흐름을 원활하게 하기 위한 노치(notch) 형태의 배수로가 설치되어 있으며, 노치로 인하여 보 상류쪽에 연직방향 뿐만 아닌 수평방향 흐름장의 변화 및 저흐름 영역이 형성된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는, 노치가 설치된 보 구조물 주변에서의 수평 방향 흐름 구조 및 오염물질의 혼합 거동을 분석하여 하천 저장대 모형의 매개변수를 산정하였다. 저흐름 영역에 의하여 오염물질의 정체현상이 발생할 경우, 일반적으로 오염물질 혼합 해석에 사용되는 Fickian 이송-확산 모형은 농도의 공간 분포를 잘 재현하지 못하기 때문에 non-fickian 모형인 하천 저장대 모형이 널리 사용되고 있다. 하천 저장대 모형에서의 주요 매개변수로는 저장대 영역(저흐름 영역)의 면적과 질량교환계수가 있으며, 본 연구에서는 노치의 조건 변화에 따른 저장대 영역 및 질량교환계수의 변화를 분석하기 위하여 수리실험을 수행하였다. 노치의 조건 변화에 따른 저장대 모형의 매개변수 산정을 위하여 보 구조물이 설치되어 있는 개수로에서 수리실험을 수행하였으며, 광범위의 수평방향 흐름구조 및 오염물질의 혼합거동을 분석하기 위하여 LSPIV(Large Scale Particle-Image-Velocimetry) 및 PCA(Planar-Concentration-Analysis) 기법을 이용하여 유속 및 오염물질의 농도자료를 취득하였다. 취득된 유속 자료 및 농도자료를 바탕으로 보 상류에 위치한 저흐름영역의 크기 및 저흐름 영역과 주 흐름 영역 사이의 농도변화를 분석하였다. 실험자료 분석결과, 노치의 간격이 커질수록 저흐름영역의 크기 또한 증가하였으며, 오염물질의 체류시간 또한 증가하는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1890-1899
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• 1992

In bonded structures, there are V-notched cracks in dissimilar materials and the stress concentration of these V-notched cracks causes to occur interface cracks in dissimilar materials Therefore the strength evaluation of V-notched cracks in dissimliar materials seems to be important. The stress fields of a V-notched cracks is known as .sigma.$_{ij}$ .var. K $r_{p-1}$,where K is the stress intensity factor and p-1 is the stress singularity. When the distance, r, approaches to 0 at the stress fields of V-notched cracks, the stresses become infinites by two more stress singularities of p-1 and p-1 is no more -0.5. Stress singularities and stress intensity factors for V-notched cracks in dissimilar materials are treated and discussed. The Newton-Raphson method which is an efficient numerical method for solving a non-linear equation is used for solving stress sigularities. And stress intensity factors are solved by the collocation method using the Newton-Raphson and least squares method. The effects of stress intensity factors and stress singularities on stress fields of V-notched cracks in dissimilar materials are studied by using photoelasic isochromatic frings patterns obtained from computer graphics.s.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.232-240
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• 1984

The plane elastostatic boundary value problem with the sharp V-notched singularity is formulated by a contour integral method for determining numerically the stress intensity factors. The integral formula is based on Somigliana type of reciprocal work in terms of displacement and traction vectors on the plate boundary. The characteristic singular solutions can be identified on the basis of traction free boundary conditions of two radial notch edges. Two numerical example examples are treated in detail; a symmetric mode-I type of notched plate with various interior angles and a mixed mode type of cantilever subjected to end shear.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.52-62
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• 1994

기계나 구조물 파괴의 대부분은 노치부를 기점으로 하여 발생하기 때문에 첨단복합재료를 노지부 재로서 안전하면서도 경제적으로 사용하기 위해서는 각종 조건하에 있어서 강도특성을 명확히 하는 것은 대단히 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 노치를 갖는 복합재료를 이용하여 각종조건하에서 강도특성평가실험을 행하였으 며, 얻어진 결과를 종합하면 다음과 같다. (1) 첨단복합재료 노치재는 試驗片의 幾可學的 形狀과는 관계없이 노치반경 p만에 의해 결정되는 최대탄성응력 $\sigma_{max}$일정의 條件下에서 破t짧된다. (2) 破斷時 최소단면에서의 공칭응력 $\sigma_{c}$와 응력집중계수 $K_{t}$와의 관계에 있어서,$\sigma_{c}$의 값이 $K_{t}$의 증대와 더불어 떨어지고 있는 부분과, $K_{t}$와 관계없이 거의 일정하게 되고 있는 부분으로 나누어지는 現象은 노치재의 回轉굽힘 또는 인장압축파열에서 보여지는 현상과 外觀上 對應하고 있다. 즉, 정적파괴와 피로파괴는 파괴의 양상이 비슷하다 (3) PEN수지단체의 경우, 피로균열발생은 점발생적 피로균열이 최대탄성응력에 의해 지배되며, 노치에 만감하며,균열전파수명은전수명에 비해 상당히 짧다. (4) 단탄소섬유강화복합재료의 경우, 피로균열은 섬유端에 응력이 집중하기 때문에 일반적으로 섬유端에서 아주 빠른 시기에 발생하지만, 섬유가 피로균열진전에 대해 방해물로 작용하기때문에 아주 천천히 전파한다. (5) 短탄소鐵維는 피로균열발생에 대해서는 負의 강화작용 전수명의 극히 초기단계에 피로균열 발생을, 피로균열전파에 대해서는 正의 강화작용을 한다. (6) 단탄소섬유를 PEN에 강화함으로 인해 정적강도 보다 피로강도에 더 큰 강화효과를 초래했으며, 선형노치역학의 개녀은 첨단 복합재료의 강도평가에 대단히 유효했다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2012

In this study, the geometry of the weld is used to develop the process of fatigue life prediction. For the development of fatigue life prediction process, bending fatigue test of muffler is conducted to obtain M(Moment)-N(Fatigue life) diagram. Modeling the geometry of the weld which is failed is performed to conduct static load analysis and analysis results are used to calculate the stress concentration factor. The stress concentration factor is used to get the fatigue notch factor and this was based on the fatigue life prediction. As a result of the comparison of test values and predicted values, predicted values are verified.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.57-67
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• 1993

The fracture behavior of plain woven glass/epoxy composite plates with a crack is investigated under static tensile loading. It is shown in this paper that the characteristic length associated with the point stress criterion depends on the crack length. To predict the not ched tensile strength, the point stress criterion proposed by Whitney and Nuismer are modified. An excellent agreement is found between the experimental results and the analytical prediction of the modified point stress criterion. The condition of unstable crack growth in the presence of a per-existing flaw(machined notch) is examined by means of the maximum stress intensity factor $K_max$ using maximumload P$_max$. The values of $K_max$ evaluated from energy release rate G$_max$(the compliance me thod) indicate a wide difference. Therefore in regard to anisotropy and heterogeneity of the composite materials studied, the modified shape correction factor f(a/W) is obtained. $K_max$evaluated by the compliance method a little or insignificantly depends on the initial crack length a, the specimen thickness B, the crack angle .theta. and the specimen geometry.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.272-275
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.554-559
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• 2007

The cylinder cover stud for assembling the combustion chamber components of low-speed marine diesel engine is one of the main structural components in engine. To understand the structural behavior of the stud is quite important for safe and economic design of it. In this paper, the structural behavior and design adequacy of the stud have been evaluated through strain measurement and structural analysis for the world's two largest engine types. Moreover, a feasibility study for design modification was carried out based on fatigue test and calculation. The results showed that 1) the stud experiences very high stress ratio under normal operating conditions, 2) the fatigue strength of the stud is sufficient, and 3) results from strain measurement and structural analysis were quite close each other.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.159-165
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• 2003

Most engineers interested in stress singularities have focused mainly on the research of power stress singularities for v-notched cracks in dissimilar materials. The logarithmic stress singularity was discussed a little in Bogy's paper. The power-logarithmic stress singularity was reported by Dempsey and Sinclair. It was indicated that the logarithmic singularity is only a special case of power-logarithmic stress singularities. Then, Dempsey reported specific cases which have power-logarithmic singularities even fur homogeneous boundary conditions. It was known that logarithmic stress singularities for v-notched cracks in dissimilar materials occurs when the surfaces of a v-notched crack have constant tractions. In this paper, using the complex potential method, the stresses and displacements having logarithmic stress singularities were obtained and the coefficients vectors were calculated by a numerical program code: Mathematica. It was shown that our analysis models don't have logarithmic stress singularities under the constant tractions, although the coefficient vectors are existing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2004

This study investigates the fatigue lift estimation of butt weld specimen for the railway vehicle by examining butt weld bead profiles. The butt weld beads, which are welded by semi-robot method, have non-uniform bead profiles described by $\theta$, p and h. The stress concentration factors, K$\_$t/, are changed by different $\theta$, p and h from 1.395 to 2.863. Hence, the sensitivity of K$\_$k/ is changed by each $\theta$, p and h. As $\theta$ becomes lower and p and h become higher, K$\_$t/ increases. The fatigue life can be estimated very closely for the AAY specimens without residual stress using only butt weld bead profiles. But, for the AAN specimens with residual stress, the fatigue life must be estimated by considering both the weld bead profiles and the residual stress data.