• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.129-142
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• 2011

This study investigates the patterns of labor market polarization and analyzes the characteristics and roles of regional labor market in the structuring process of the polarization in the metropolitan areas of Korea. The labor market polarization plays a role of key mechanism for deepening social exclusion in the area through expanding low-pay jobs and working poor. It is of great significance to adopt a spatial approach of local labor market in order to understand underlying dynamics of labor market polarization. Especially it is necessary to develop a more differentiated and systematic policy options based on the analysis of labor market polarization in the metropolitan areas of Korea. It is because understanding spatial differentiation of labor market dynamics is essential to figure out the structuring processes of poverty and sociall exclusion in the metropolican labor market in Korea.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.123-148
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• 2020

This study empirically estimates the possible association between the college graduate Young Peoples' wages in the labor market and their internal migration through college education after high school education. Using the Graduate Occupation Mobility Survey(GOMS), we found out that the more likely young peoples find jobs in the location from different their hometown the higher they command wages in the labor market.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.143-178
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• 2012

This study analyzed the changes of welfare and labor market status of participants of Self-sufficiency Support Program in Korea thorough of analysis follow-up data which were collected about the experiences and changes of participants of the program in Gyeonggi province in 2005. As the results, many of participants exited from the program within five years, and hardly anyone depends on the welfare or the program, also there is very little the revolving door phenomenon. Whatever, the program have positive effects the changes of welfare and labor market status of them. Also, self-sufficiency communities, the small enterprises are started by more two participants and aim the economic independence of them and contribution to social economy have played important role for their persistent work and economic self-reliance. The people exited from the program, however, hardly succeed in exit from the welfare and their economic conditions still are not good. Therefore, we have to arrange the program for the participants' self-sufficiency, and we rather have to effort to secure their economic well-being than emphasize the immediately employment or establishment a business.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.94-110
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• 2008

This study examines the unemployment and labor market demand dynamics as well as their implication for social exclusion in the metropolitan areas of Korea since the financial crisis of 1997. The unemployment research containing significant implication for social exclusion is a key area to be explored with the research of skill and income polarization due to structural economic transformation. Skill polarization usually results in the job loss for some people, which most likely leads to the economic deprivation and social exclusion. The unemployment rate and its regional disparity began to fall since 2000, but the disparity reversed to increase after 2005. The labor market dynamics of the metropolitan areas are turned out to be related with the size of the city and the relative shares of both manufacturing and service sectors. In addition, the employment growth is turned out to be related with the changes of both output and productivity. It is also found that the unemployment is affected with the job change and the tertiarization of the economy. However, it is of more significance to recognize that the dynamics and patterns of the labor market in the metropolitan areas are quite spatially differentiated and the differentiation is likely determined by the factors such as industrial structure, employment dynamics and job demand changes.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-32
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• 2002

This paper investigates how real wages adjust to regional and cyclical shocks in the Korean labor market. Major findings are as follows. First, like most longitudinal studies in this literature, we find that real wages are strongly procyclical and more procyclical for men than for women. Second, consistent with the theory prediction of efficiency wages, both permanent and transitory components of real wages are negatively correlated with the local unemployment rate. Third, when overall and local unemployment rates compete in a wage equation (our preferred specification), current wages are dominantly affected by the overall rate, and the effect of the local rate is rather small. This rejects the Blanchflower and Oswald's hypothesis that wages are primarily determined by local labor market conditions. Finally, no lagged effects on wages are detected in the overall or local unemployment rate.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.525-539
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• 2016

This study attempts to predict the changes in the spatial distribution of occupational employment in Korea by applying Markov Chain Model. For the purpose we analyze the job-related migration pattern and estimate the transition probability with the last six years job-related migration data. By applying the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation based on the transition probability, we predict the changes in the spatial distribution of occupational employment for the next ten years. The result reveals that the employment of professional jobs is predicted to increase at every city and region except Seoul, while the employment of elementary labor jobs is predicted to increase slightly in Seoul. In particular, Gangwon-do and Chuncheongdo are predicted to increase in the employment of all occupational jobs.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.77-100
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• 2011

The Korean economy have experienced the remarkable decreases in factor prices such as bond yields, real wage since the IMF foreign exchange crisis. This paper investigates the effects of the price changes in the factor markets on determining the level and cyclicality of industrial markups in the manufacturing industry. For this purpose, we construct a markup equation in the small open economy based on the production function including foreign intermediate goods and assuming constant returns to scale technology and AR(1) process of technological coefficient. Empirical results are summarized as the followings. The empirical results shows that the increased markups after the IMF crisis can be explained by the price decreases in the factor markets which result in lowering marginal costs. And we also observed counter cyclicality of markup, labor share and interest rates while real wages, technical coefficients, and production price index proved to be pro-cyclical. In conclusion, the price changes in factor market have contributed to the stickiness in markup fluctuation in the manufacturing industry.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.239-261
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• 2011

The cyclicality of productivity has been one of the essential issues in macroeconomics. Since Solow(1957) developed the dominant approach to the measurement of productivity growth, Solow's approach, which assumes the perfect competition, the constant returns to scale, and the full use of input factor has been modified particularly in Hall's(1990) and Basu's(1996) works. Their researches take account of market power, returns to scale, and variable factor utilization. This paper establishes the empirical model based on Hall's(1990) and Basu's(1996) models, estimates 4 types of Solow's reidual in manufacturing and 2 service industries over the period 1975:1-2010:4, and analyzes the cyclicality of measured productivity. The result proved the measured productivity to be procyclical in manufacturing industries and electricity and water industry, and in contrast to the Basu's, the variable factor utilization transformed the countercyclicality of measured productivity into its procyclicality in the Korean economy.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1129-1138
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• 2011

Small area estimation has received significant intention in recent years due to a growing demand for reliable local area statistics. Traditional area-specific direct estimates based solely on sample survey data in the areas of interest do not provide adequate small area precision; however, design-based indirect local area estimators borrow strength from sample observations of related areas to increase the effective sample size. Design-based indirect estimation methods such as synthetic and composite estimators are considered to adjust local area unemployment rate estimates in the Korean Economically Active Population Survey. This study suggests an efficient alternative to minimize the cost to construct the unemployment rate of a local area through simulation under the condition that we can maintain a certain level of CV for the estimates. We obtained the results that the composite estimators using a sample size greater than 10 are more stable and significant at the level of CV 25% in our design scheme.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.923-927
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• 2006

국내의 수자원장기종합계획(건교부, 2001년)에 의하면 농업용수는 우리나라 수자원의 48%를 차지하고 있으며 하천유지용수를 제외한 이용량으로 보면 62%에 해당하는 최대 용수이용 부문이다. 그러므로, 농업용수의 효율적인 계획과 관리는 우리나라 수자원의 효율적인 이용에 있어서 매우 중요하다. 우리나라의 농촌은 1970년 이후 급격한 도시화, 산업화로 농업인구의 격감과 노동력의 부족에 따른 농업용 기계가 보급되게 됨에 따라, 과거의 주로 인력에 의한 벼농사의 영농방식에 변화가 생기게 되었다. 그러한 영농전반의 변화들은 직파재배, 집단육묘, 비닐하우스를 이용한 못자리, 어린모 이앙법 등 다양한 방식으로 벼재배 방식에서도 나타나고 있다. 이러한 영농상황의 변화는 농업용수공급 현황에도 영향을 미쳐 물이용 형태가 과거와 많은 차이를 보임을 알 수 있다. 이러한 차이는 최근의 연구결과에서도 나타나고 있는데 2002년 농어촌연구원 '용수수급의 안정성 제고 연구 및 종합시험지구 운영'에 의하면 3개 저수지지구의 계획공급량과 용수공급량 비율이 $0.7{\sim}1.3$이며, 영농초기 $4{\sim}5$월에 특히 차이가 큼을 알 수 있었다. 2001년 한국건설 기술연구원의 '물관리 효율성 제고기술 연구보고서'에 의하면 $4{\sim}5$월에 큰 차이를 보이는 등 농어촌연구원과 비슷한 결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구는 중부지방인 경기 남부지역을 대상으로 영농방식에 대한 조사를 하고 농업용수 공급량을 측정하여 현행 농업용수량 산정기준에 의한 농업용수량과 비교함으로써 변화된 영농환경을 고려한 적정한 관개 용수량 산정방법을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다.악할 수 없었던 수체내의 많은 특징을 파악 할 수 있었다.. 중랑천 유역의 소배수구역을 대상으로 연중 발생하는 큰 호우사상에 대해 임의의 강우관측소를 결측지점으로 가정하고 주변의 강우관측소로부터 각각의 방법을 이용해 가중치들을 산정하여 결측지점의 강우량 값을 보정하고자 하였다. 또한 각각의 방법을 이용하여 얻어진 결과에 대해 실측값과 보정값의 오차정도를 평균절대오차법(Mean Absolute Error)과 제곱평균제곱근오차법(Root Mean Squared Error)에 의해 산정하여 보정 방법간의 효율성을 검토하고자 하였다.9년, 그리고 2010년${\sim}$2019년까지 총 4구간으로 나누어 결과를 도출하였으며 예상한 바와 같이 후반기 20년 동안에 세 가지 지표가 취약해 지는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 특히 2000년부터 2009년까지 10년 동안에는 더욱 취약해짐을 확인할 수 있었다.를 보임에 따라 그 정책적 효과는 때로 역기능적인 결과로 초래하였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이 연구결과를 통하여 최소한 주식시장(株式市場)에서 위탁증거금제도는 그 제도적 의의가 여전히 있다는 사실이 확인되었다. 또한 우리나라 주식시장에서 통상 과열투기 행위가 빈번히 일어나 주식시장을 교란시킴으로써 건전한 투자풍토조성에 저해된다는 저간의 우려가 매우 커왔으나 표본 기간동안에 대하여 실증분석을 한 결과 주식시장 전체적으로 볼 때 주가변동율(株價變動率), 특히 초과주가변동율(超過株價變動率)에 미치는 영향이 그다지 심각한 정도는 아니었으며 오히려 우리나라의 주식시장은 미국시장에 비해 주가가 비교적 안정적인 수준을 유지해 왔다고 볼 수 있다.36.4%)와 외식을 선호(29.1%)${\lrcorner