• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1998.10c
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• pp.197-202
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• 1998

The corrosion of steel reinforcements in concrete is of much concern in recent years. The mechanism of corrosion, however, is not clear yet. This study is focused on the corrosion of steel induced by internal chlorides in concrete at early ages. To examine the critical concentration of steel, half-cell potential, chemical composition of expressed pore solutions of mortars and rate of corrosion area were observed with respect to additions of chlorides, types of binders, water-binders ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.360-365
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• 2003

최근 선진국에서 차세대전투기와 고속철도차량 및 자동차 동체 등 경량화를 위해 복합재료의 사용범위가 증가되고 있다. 특히 강화재로서 섬유를 직물구조의 형태를 이용한 직물구조 CFRP 복합재료는 일방향 섬유에 비해 변형능력이나 기계적 특성이 우수하여 철근 콘크리트 구조물의 보강제와 같은 구조물 등에까지 그 사용이 확대되고 있다. 하지만 직물구조 CFRP 복합재료는 내부의 손상형태나 위치를 파악하기가 어렵고 직물구조의 복잡한 강화구조를 가지기 때문에 그 역학적 손상거동과 명확한 파괴거동 해석수법은 확립되어 있지 않다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.9-15
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• 1999

말레이지아 보르네오섬 사라왁주의 바군 가배수로 터널(약칭 "바쿤터널")은 본 댐 공사를 수행하기 위한 배수 터널로 터널의 완공시기는 바쿤 수력발전사업의 중요한 요인이다. 터널의 라이닝작업은 터널공사의 완료 단계로 공사비와 공기 면에서 굴착 및 지보작업과 같이 중요한 단계이다. 바쿤터널은 내부 직경 12 m의 유사연장 3개의 터널로 이루어져 있으며 총길이는 4314.6 m 이다. 내공 단면은 배수시 마찰을 감소시키기 위하여 원형단면으로 설계되었다. (중략)계되었다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.116-118
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• 2011

해안가에 건설되는 구조물 표면은 해풍에 의해 직접적인 영향을 받는다. 해풍에 섞여 날아오는 염분이 건축물 외부에 흡착하여 시간이 경과함에 따라 내부로 확산 이동하게 되어, 콘크리트 내부의 철근이 부식하게 된다. 따라서, 해안가 구조물의 비래염분에 대한 열화 예측을 보다 정확하게 조사하기 위해서는 실환경하에 작용하는 기상요인, 지형, 구조물의 형태 등 대상지역의 다양한 조건을 정밀하게 반영하여 정해야 할 필요가 있다. 풍향, 풍속, 온도, 습도등의 다양하게 변화하는 기상요인에서 각 요인에 따라 발생되는 비래염분량과의 상관성을 분석하기 위해서는 고정된 실험인자에 따른 지속적인 실험이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 비래염분 포집기 개발 및 인공비래염분 발생장치(이하, 인공장치) 개발과 장치 성능의 정확성 향상을 위한 기초 실험 실시에 목표를 하였고, 또한 개발된 비래염분 포집기를 실 환경에 설치하여 각 실험인자에 따른 실환경에서의 비래염분 포집량을 분석하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.453-454
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• 2009

In this dissertation, experimental program was carried out to study the hysteretic behavior of the reinforced different floor type interior beam-column joint repeated cyclic loads under seismic actions. The test results was as follow. The reinforced interior beam-column joint, designed by the different floor type, was increased energy dissipation capacity and maximum load carrying capacity according to the increase of different floor in comparison to standard specimen. And it was also dissimilar to failure mode adjacent to joint region. energy dissipation capacity of each specimen, designed by the different floor type, was increased 1.1${\sim}$1.35 times in comparison to standard specimen.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.419-428
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• 2013

In this study, experimental research was carried out to evaluate the constructability and seismic performance of high strength R/C exterior beam-column joints regions, with or without the shear reinforcement, using high ductile fiber-reinforced mortar. Five specimens of retrofitted the exterior beam-column joint regions using high ductile fiber-reinforced mortar are constructed and tested for their retrofit performances. Specimens designed by retrofitting the exterior beam-column joint regions (BCJNSP series) of existing reinforced concrete building showed a stable mode of failure and an increased its maximum load-carrying capacity by 1.09~2.03 times in comparison with specimen of BCJNS due to the effect of enhancing dispersion of crack control at the time of initial loading and bridging of fiber from retrofitting new high ductile materials during testing. Specimens of BCJNSP series attained its maximum load carrying capacity by 0.92~0.96 times and increased its energy dissipation capacity by 1.62 times when compared to standard specimen of BCJC with a displacement ductility of 4.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.18 no.2 s.92
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• pp.275-282
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• 2006

Recently, Fiber Reinforced Polymers(FRP) has been emerged as an alternative material to solve the corrosion of steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures. FRP exhibits higher specific strength and lower weight compared to steel reinforcement. Moreover, good resistance to corrosion of the FRP may be useful in aggressive environments causing deterioration such as chloride environment. However, causes for higher initial cost of FRP than that of steel, little information on the long-term behavior of FRP, and brittle failure make the efforts to apply FRP in civil structures slow. Glass fiber among the fibers used to manufacture FRP can be seen as the most beneficial material with regard to initial costs. But its low elastic modulus, which attains barely a quarter of steel, nay thus lead to excessive deflections when used as reinforcement for flexural members. This research was carried out on the tensile properties of hybrid rods made with glass and carbon fibers to improve those of FRP rod made with glass fiber. Parameters were resin type and the arrangement of glass and carbon fibers. The tensile properties of hybrid rods were compared with those of rods manufactured with only glass or carbon fibers. The results indicated that the tensile properties of hybrid rod were good when the carbon fiber was arranged in the core.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.451-460
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• 2010

There are many types of remodeling, however, engineers and architectures preferred to merge two or more separate units to one very spacious unit. Performing this type of remodeling, in the case of wall dominant apartments, requires partial removal of structural wall causing a concern of structural integrity. However, there are insufficient studies about partial removal, that is, openings. Presently, ACI standard have no clear way to evaluate the effect of opening on the structural wall. AIJ has the provision about strength reduction factor '$\gamma$'. However, this reduction factor cannot exactly evaluate the reduction effect of openings because this factor '$\gamma$' was determined through the elastic analysis. Therefore, in this study, 2 structural wall specimens were tested and many test results from previous studies were collected. Using these data, this study performed statistical analysis about strength of structural wall which have the opening in wall panel. And this study performed parametric study verifying shear strength reducing effect by opening area. In the results of statistical study, previous reduction factor show very conservative results because this equation did not consider other factors, reinforcement ratio and aspect ratio of openings, which was affect the shear strength of shear walls. Therefore we performed parametric study based on the test data and suggest new equation for shear strength reduction factor '$\gamma$'.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.2D
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• pp.295-302
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• 2011

Ubiquitous is an information communication environment which peoples could connect on network without being conscious of the network and computer condition at anytime and anywhere. Presently, advanced technology, digital cities and eco-friendly cities using Ubiquitous technology are being focused through out the world. As recent information industry and communication technology have developed remarkably, studies on intelligent structures and structural maintenance methods by combining a general idea of connecting all objects on network by interpolating computers which is called Ubiquitous Computing, and USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) are being attempted. In this paper, a basic experiment on penetration of RF(Radio Frequency) sensor nodes using an experimental sample setting concrete and reinforcing bar as variables is studied to estimate the possibility of applying wireless sensor networks in structures. The spring of reinforcing bars, concrete thickness, intensity of radio frequency were set up as variables, transmitting and receiving distance were checked vertically and horizontally. Moreover, Spectrum Analyzer was used for checking the magnitude of the frequency used in order to measure the reduction of radio wave exactly. The radio wave reduction was numerically analyzed, and the influence of the wavelength was analysed as well. As a result, the penetration depth in concrete without reinforcing bars was 45cm, and in reinforced concretes which reinforcing bars placed at spacing of 5cm and 15cm, the penetration depth were 37cm and 45cm each. No influence on radio wave penetration depth were found when the spacing of reinforcing bars in the reinforced concrete structures becomes over 15cm.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.5-14
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• 2024

Reinforced concrete bridge decks are the first to be damaged by vehicle loads and rain infiltration. Concrete deterioration primarily occurs owing to the corrosion of rebars and other metal components by chlorides used for snow and ice melting. The structural condition and concrete deterioration of the bridge decks within the pavement were evaluated using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey data. To evaluate concrete deterioration in bridges, it is necessary to develop GPR data analysis techniques to accurately identify deteriorated locations and rebar positions. GPR exploration involves the acquisition of reflection and diffraction wave signals due to differences in radar wave propagation velocity in geotechnical media. Therefore, a full-waveform inversion (FWI) method was developed to evaluate the deterioration of reinforced concrete bridge decks by estimating the radar wave propagation velocity in geotechnical media using GPR data. Numerical experiments using a GPR velocity model confirmed the deterioration phenomena of bridge decks, such as concrete delamination and rebar corrosion, verifying the applicability of the developed technology. Moreover, using the synthetic GPR data, FWI facilitates the determination of rebar positions and concrete deterioration locations using inverted velocity images.