• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.41-53
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• 2024

The Korean government's SME policy has shifted from the traditional focus of protecting SMEs against large business groups to foster innovative SMEs by upgrading their innovation base. From the government's policy perspective, innovative SMEs are defined as SMEs that can secure technological competitiveness or have the potential for future growth through technological innovation activities. Based on the resource-based theory and resource dependence theory, this study aims to explain whether both R&D capabilities of innovative SMEs and the acquisition of venture certification have a significant impact on enhancing global technological competitiveness. According to the resource-based theory, differences in a firm's tangible and intangible resources and R&D capabilities determine its innovation activities and performance. On the other hand, the resource dependence theory argues that government certification programs to support SMEs positively affect SMEs' innovation activities and performance by increasing their access to the external resources needed for innovation. Going a step further, this study examines the moderating effect of the product life cycle. As a moderating variable, the product life cycle is expected to have an opposite effect on the internal and external resource utilization. The results based on the SME Technology Statistics(2020) support the direct effect of both R&D capability and venture certification on global technological competitiveness and the differential moderating effect of product life cycle. The finding that the technological competitiveness effect of internal resource utilization is greater for longer product life cycles, while the technological competitiveness effect of external resource utilization is greater for shorter product life cycles suggests that product life cycle should be considered as an important contextual variable when studying the relationship between R&D, technological innovation, and performance. These results also suggest that in a global competitive environment where product life cycles are dramatically shortening, innovative SMEs that suffer the dual liabilities of newness and smallness should focus not only on strengthening internal R&D capabilities but also on strategically securing external resources.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.292-317
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• 2015

As modern science and technology and warfare become to be advanced and precise, the weapon systems becomes more complex based on state-of-the-art technology. Therefore, firms in the defense industry continue to accelerate research and development for up-to-date weapon systems with high complexity which urge the firms to collaborate with the external organizations to obtain the knowledge required and eventually to reduce costs and risk. This study tries an empirical study about the effect of collaboration on the innovation performances from the network analysis perspective. By surveying collaboration relationships among 530 firms in the Korean defense industry, we analyzed the alliance network of the defense industry. Network centrality including degree, closeness, and betweenness centralities is investigated and then the relationship among the network centrality property, internal R&D capabilities and innovation is analysed. The results show that firms with high internal R&D capabilities place the firm at center of the network. On the other hand, except for the firms with highly connected centrality, no relationship was found between the internal R&D capabilities and its performance and in turn. these capabilities had both direct and indirect effects on innovation performances through mediated collaboration among firms. This study implied that Korean firms with a high internal R&D capabilities in the defense industry which utilize knowledge, information and resources within the network more frequently show more innovative performance. This result claims the policy makers to participate more firms in fostering open innovation for the defense industry.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.29-58
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• 2022

Startups lack resources and manpower to build internal capabilities to strengthen market competitiveness; external cooperation such as joint research and networking plays is important. In this study, we analyzed the effect of startups' industry-university cooperation on organizational learning capability and innovation performance. Empirical results demonstrate the mechanism by which government R&D investment strengthens organizational learning capability and creates innovative results by promoting cooperation between startups and universities. First, industry-university cooperation strengthened organizational learning capability. An empirical analysis shows that startups increase internal capabilities through external cooperation. Second, startups' organizational learning capability had a significant effect on innovation performance. We analyze how organizations with high learning capabilities positively develop corporate innovation performance by having a culture of discovery and sharing new ideas. Finally, industry-university cooperation had different effects on organizational learning capability and innovation performance according to the previous experiences of startup founders. In particular, small- and medium-sized (startup) businesses and individual-based experience groups positively affected the creation of organizational learning capabilities and innovation performance through industry-university cooperation. Small- and medium-sized businesses and individual founders have a relatively small cooperative network with the outside world compared to founders of large companies, universities, and research institutes; therefore, they strengthen organizational learning capabilities through cooperation with universities. This study demonstrates that government should create policy inducements for cooperation with universities to maximize the R&D performance of startups. Criticism exists that lending support to startups and universities will hinder innovation performance; nevertheless, government investment plays a role in expanding intangible resources such as accumulating technologies, fostering high-quality human resources, and strengthening innovation networks. Therefore, the government should appropriately utilize the its authority to strengthen investment strategies for startup growth.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.219-231
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• 2015

Open innovation is known to have a significant impact on the performance of enterprise innovation. The role of open innovation is more critical due to small scale and limitation on the available resources for the venture company. This study focused on the relationship among Entrepreneurship(ENT), Innovation Capability(IC), and External Cooperation(EC), which affect Technological Innovation Performance(TIP) to maximize TIP. Empirical study was proceeded to analyze the relationships among ENT, IC, EC, and TIP for venture companies in Busan. ENT was verified to have a positive impact on IC, EC, and TIP. IC was done on EC and TIP. EC was done on TIP. Each of IC and EC showed positive mediating role in the relationship between ENT and TIP. Finally, IC and EC together performed positive mediating role in the relationship between ENT and TIC.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.147-172
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• 2020

This study presents the determinants of R&D efficiency as the focus on CEO's competency, which influences R&D competency and R&D efficiency. The research samples are 6,708 technology-innovation small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The independent variable is the R&D competency(existence of R&D organization, level of R&D personnel, R&D personnel management, R&D investment), the dependent variable is R&D efficiency. The moderator is the CEO's competency(experience level in its own industry, technical knowledge level, technology management strategy, management ability). R&D efficiency measures the relationship between inputs(level of R&D personnel, R&D investment) and outputs(patent applications, prototype) by the DEA. and the determinant analysis uses Tobit regression. As a result of the analysis, the existence of R&D organization and R&D personnel management is positively significant, level of R&D personnel and R&D investment is negatively significant for R&D efficiency. The moderating effect of CEO's competency on the relationship between the R&D competency and R&D efficiency is significant determinants of CEO's experience(experience level in its own industry, technical knowledge level) and technology management strategy. The finding is to measure the efficiency of R&D performance, and to analyze its determinants as the moderating effect of CEO's competency, using the technology appraisal data. In the conclusion session, the limitations of the research and future research directions were discussed.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.145-153
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• 2022

This study is an empirical analysis of the major factors influencing the globalization level of Chinese public enterprises. Based on previous research, we conducted a regression analysis using the transnational index as a dependent variable and export tax refund, exchange rate, human resources, innovation ability, asset management ability, loan ability, corporate development stage, global deployment ability, etc. as independent variables. As a result of the empirical analysis of this study, it was found that export refund (E_tax) and exchange rate (E_rate) have a statistically significant effect on the external influencing factors of globalization. Human resource capabilities (Edu, O_hunan), innovation capability (R&D), and financing capability (Finance) were found to be important internal influencing factors for the globalization of public enterprises. The role of the government in establishing the strategy of SOEs should be maintained at the level of guidance and it should provide guidance so that the autonomy of SOEs is not restricted as the role of the government is separated from the government's compulsory management and supervisory functions, leading to excessively compulsory management.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.241-253
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• 2023

In the current rapidly changing environment, each country continues to make efforts to create jobs and strengthen technological competitiveness. In particular, support and revitalization policies for venture companies and start-ups are known to play a role in increasing national competitiveness. Companies should make appropriate replacements amid growing uncertainties in the environment in which business life is shortened and customer needs are diversified due to intensifying competition. First of all, it is important for companies to make efforts to strengthen their internal capabilities on their own. However, venture companies lack internal resources and capabilities, so support from the external environment is important enough to lead to the survival of the company(Timmons, 1994). Financial support and certification systems are being operated at the national level to strengthen the competitiveness of companies. However, financial support can lower a company's self-sustainability depending on the situation, so non-financial support such as R&D support and start-up education is considered to be helpful in the long term for venture growth(Aghion et al., 2012; Jeon & Ko, 2021). Non-financial support is divided into commercialization, facilities, space, childcare, manpower, and certification systems, and this study confirmed the benefits of the venture company confirmation system, which is a certification system. To this end, the 2021 venture company precision survey data and venture company sales data were used, and analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 package and SPSS PROCESS MACRO. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the level of the management environment of venture companies has a positive effect on the benefits of the venture confirmation system or increasing the level of venture company capabilities, but it is difficult to lead to actual management performance. In addition, it was confirmed that the level of venture company competency mediates the relationship between the level of the venture company's business environment and management performance. As a result, even if the level of the venture company's business environment is positive or venture-friendly, it can be said that companies with internal capabilities to digest support from the external environment increase management performance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.99-107
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• 2010

BSC(Balanced Scorecard)는 재무적 성과지표의 한계를 지양하고 고객관점, 내부 프로세스 관점, 학습과 성장 관점, 재무 관점의 다양한 관점에서 성과측정시스템으로 상용 될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 전략의 해석, 전략적 캐스케이딩(cascading), 전략적 자원분배, 전략적 학습도구를 위한 전략관리시스템으로 또한 의사소통도구로서 사용된다. 분 논문에서는 대학내의 학과들이 각각 개별적인 특성이 존재하고 학과의 제한된 자원과 역량하에서의 효율적인 운영과 이에 대한 조직적인 접근방법이 필요하기 때문에 학과조직에 BSC를 적용하는 방안을 모색하였다. 이러한 학과 BSC는 대학 전체 또는 그 상위조직의 BSC를 위한 토대로 이용될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 교육에 관련한 다양한 인증 및 평가와 연계할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 본 논문에서는 최소한의 프로그래밍과 이해하기 용이한 수행규칙, 그리고 유연한 개정을 위하여 비즈니스 규칙(Business Rule)으로 이루어지는 BRMS(Business Rule Management System)로 학과 BSC를 설계할 수 있는 방안을 모색하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.1075-1075
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• 2017

기업의 성장동력 전략으로 내부 개발역량에 의존하는 자생적/유기적(Organic Growth) 방식과 전략적 제휴나 인수/합병을 통해 외부 자원을 활용하는 비유기적 성장(Inorganic Growth) 방식을 나눌수 있다. 하지만 이러한 혁신전략 안에는 성공과 실패가 공존하고 있으며 특히 최근에는 조직내 혁신을 달성하기 위해 연구 및 개발, 상용화에 이르기까지 혁신 과정을 개방하여, 외부 자원을 적극활용함으로써 혁신의 비용을 줄이고 성공가능성을 높여 부가가치 창출을 극대화하는 혁신활동중 하나로 개방형혁신(Open innovation)을 많이 활용 하고 있다. 하지만 더 나아가 사업의 지속 가능한 성장을 위해서는 External Organic Innovation을 같이 활용하는 새로운 혁신전략 활동 전개가 필요하다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 이러한 혁신 전략들의 성공-실패 사례분석을 통해 4차 산업혁명시대에 맞는 혁신전략을 살펴보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2001.10b
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• pp.1589-1592
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• 2001

일반적으로 아웃소싱은 비용절감이나, 경쟁력 확보를 목적으로 기업 외부에서 필요한 자원, 기술력 및 해결방안 등을 찾는 경영기법으로, 단순용역업무에서부터 기업의 핵심기능인 IT 분야에 이르기까지 폭 넓게 활용되고 있다. 특히 IT 아웃소싱은 일상적인 정보시스템의 운영 및 개선, 네트워크 운영 및 어플리케이션의 유지/개선 등을 외부의 전문가에게 맡겨 점진적인 서비스 수준의 향상과 비용의 절감을 유도하고, 내부자원은 핵심역량에 집중시켜, 기업의 경쟁력을 높이는 하나의 경영수단으로 각광 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 실제 통신서비스업체의 IT분야를 아웃소싱한 사례 연구를 통해서 IT 아웃소싱의 추진 시 필요한 제반사항과 절차, 추진배경등을 알아보고, 아웃소싱 성과를 결정하는 중요 요소인 서비스 성과측정 모델에 대해 연구하였다. '90 년대 후반 통신시장개방, 본격적인 경쟁체제 돌입등 핵심역량강화 차원에서 시작된 아웃소싱은 통신업체 국내최초의 사례로 처음부터 예상치못했던 어려움과 추진과정에서의 시행착오도 많이 겪었다. 또한, 선진외국사례의 아웃소싱 계약사례 및 서비스수준을 평가하기위한 서비스 수준 약정서등 국내 통신업체 환경에 맞게 잘 짤여지도록 수많은 검토와 사례 연구를 통해 계약을 체결할 수 있었으며, 아웃소싱이후 예상되었던 많은 문제점들을 해결하기위해 아웃소싱 인력들의 의욕수준을 높이기위한 직무 재교육, Incentive 제도 도입, 서비스와 관련된 제반 프로세스 재정립 등을 통하여 소기의 성과를 이룩할 수 있었다. 특히, 통신업체 IT 아웃소싱의 성공요인은 계약적 구조적 측면에 해당하는 적정한 서비스의 평가와 이에 상응하는 대가의 지급방안에 대한 것이고 양 사가 만족할 만한 성과를 내가 위해서는 수직적관계가 아니라 제휴관계로서의 Relationship 을 유지할 수 있도록 이 두가지 모두를 고려 해야만 성공적인 아웃소싱 추진에 한걸음 더 나아갈 것이며, 아울러 향후에도 아직 미흡한 분야인 IT 아웃소싱에서 적정수준의 대가지급 방안 및 바람직한 Relationship 에 영향을 미치는 여러 가지 요인에 대해서도 살펴 봄으로써 IT분야의 Outsourcing을 검토하거나, 추진할 때 도움이 될 수 있도록 하고자 한다.