• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.291-307
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• 2009

This study investigated global and local characteristics of eye movement while 30 college students read easy and difficult Korean texts. It was found that readers who read the difficult text fixated longer for about 217ms and made shorter saccades of about 3.7 characters while readers who read the easy one fixated for about 190ms and made saccades of about 4.8 characters. Single fixation times and gaze durations in the difficult text were longer than those in the easy one(227ms vs. 195ms; 266ms vs. 210ms). In both easy and difficult texts, the effects of word frequency and eojeol length were found. In addition, the differences in fixation times according to word frequency and length were larger in the difficult text.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05b
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• pp.800-801
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• 2011

최근 건강-의료 분야의 학과 신설 및 전공자가 급격하게 늘어남에 따라 해부학 교육의 질적 향성 및 학습자의 학습효과 증진을 도모하기 위해서는 새로운 강의방식의 도입이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 해부학 교육에 있어 면대면 강의에 사용한 내용을 바탕으로 가상강의 컨텐츠를 자체개발하였고, 2007-2009년 간호학과 및 스포츠과학부의 전공필수 과목인 해부학 강의를 가상강의 방식으로 실시하였다. 이 과목을 수강한 2개 학과 231명을 대상으로 강의 종료 후 가상강의실 게시판 및 컨텐츠 활용 빈도, 개별 설문조사, 학기말 성적을 확보하여 가상강의실 활용도, 만족도 및 학업성취도 상호간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 학생들의 만족도, 난이도, 흥미도, 평가의 적절성, 전공연계성 등에서 긍정적인 평가를 받았다. 또한 가상강의실의 로그인 횟수와 게시판에 대한 학생들의 만족도가 높게 나타났다. 학업성취도는 난이도 (r=0.411, p<0.01)와 높은 상관관계를 나타내었고, 만족도-흥미도(r=0.407, p<0.01), 만족도-전공연계성 (r=0.507, p<0.01), 흥미도-전공연계성 간에도 높은 상관관계를 보였으나 흥미도-전공연계성(r=0.474, p<0.01) 등에서 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 건강-의료 분야의 전공자뿐만 아니라 다양한 분야에서 폭넓게 요구하고 있는 해부학 강의수요를 효과적으로 흡수함과 아울러 해부학교육에 있어 새로운 지평을 열수 있는 가상강의에 대한 연구로서, 향후 해부학 교육에 있어 충분한 활용가치가 있는 효과적인 교수법이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.75-84
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• 2014

It is a current situation that a large number of physical and financial damages are increasing due to the growth of intellectual cyber crime and unexpected Internet incidents year by year. In the large scale security incidents, digital forensics techniques for computer crime investigations are essential to secure a place in the field. However, qualified digital forensics investigators who complete with digital security technology are practically insufficient in domestic. In this paper, as one of developing human resources plans regarding to scientific investigation of Internet security incidents, an undergraduate curriculum per stage in digital forensics was proposed. For the effective curriculum per stage, the interviews, group discussion on focused group of existing digital forensics investigators and related research were performed to select curriculum, and then the level of difficulty and practical suitability on each subject designed were analyzed through survey and interview to current investigators and security professionals. After collating the survey, the digital forensic curriculum per level was designed to highly adaptable workforce for the future for working and positive suggestions and proposals are addressed.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2003

Development and evaluation of distance learning for the gifted students in science and mathematics In this study, we developed and administrated the distance learning for the gifted students in science and mathematics, and analysed their responses. To do this, four types of teaching programs - lectures using program for distance learning, practice activities using simulation program, tasks solving programs based on discussions, and problem solving activities - were developed and students responses were analysed in eight area - stimulus, difficulties, structure, learning circumstances, involvement, interaction, learning outcomes, comparison with other learning -. As results, it was found that many students responded positively and thought programs helped their creativity, logical thinking, intelligent ability, and information searching ability. Students preferred practice activities based on appropriate guidances to lectures providing detailed explanations. And interaction could be stimulated by inducing discussion.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.647-658
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• 2010

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of self-regulated neurofeedback training on elementary school students' recall and recognition performance. For this purpose, the participants were randomly allocated to control condition where no training was provided or training condition where participants were trained in 4 self-regulated neurofeedback training sessions. As the dependent measures, correct free, recall rates and correct recognition rates were analyzed. The results showed that overall scores of recall and recognition were enhanced by the administration of the training itself, and as the training sessions advanced. In particular, the effect of the training seemed to induce more positive effect on the both memory tasks when the task difficulty (manipulated by increasing the number of target words) was increased. These results implied that self-regulated neurofeedback training can induce increased recollection ability for words by enhancing attentional process.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.295-311
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• 2011

The importance of problem solving in mathematics education has been emphasized and many studies related to this issue have been conducted. But, studies of problem solving in the aspect of affect domain are lacked. This study found the changing pattern of emotions that occur in process of a problem solving. The results are listed below. First, students experienced a lot of change of emotions and had a positive emotion as well as negative emotion during solving problems. Second, students who solved same problems through same methods experienced different change patterns of emotions. The reason is that students have different mathematical beliefs and think differently about a difficulty level of problem. Third, whether students solved problems with positive emotion or negative emotion depends on their attitude of mathematics. Fourth, students who thought that a difficulty level of problem was relatively high experienced more negative affect than students who think a difficulty level of problem is low experienced.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.191-201
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• 2023

As Edutech arises which is integrating IT technology into education, many related attempts have been tried on music education area. The focus has been shifted from the teachers to the learners, and this makes the personalized learning emerge. The learner's proficiency is an essential factor to support the personalized learning. The chord fingering is an important technique in piano learning. In this paper, a personalized learning tool for piano chords has been suggested. And then, several utilization ways have been described by analyzing the chords patterns. Specifically, the difficulty of the chords and the proficiency of the learner are derived from the accumulated practicing log data of the users. More effective learning way of the chords has been presented through hierarchical clustering based on chords similarity. Furthermore, the suggested approach where only the practicing log data are used lessens the learner's burden to measure the proficiency and the chord's difficulty without additional efforts like taking tests.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.649-662
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• 2023

This study aimed to confirm the conditional effect of goal difficulty on the relationship between self-efficacy, career identity, and career commitment of workers in domestic companies. A survey targeting 500 employees of domestic companies was conducted to measure self-efficacy, career identity, career commitment, and goal difficulty. Data were analyzed using MPlus and SPSS PROCESS Macro. The results are as follows. First, self-efficacy was found to have a significant positive effect on career identity and career commitment. Additionally, career identity was found to have a significantly positive effect on career commitment. Second, the mediating effect of career identity on the relationship between self-efficacy and career commitment was significant and moderated by the level of goal difficulty. Based on the above research results, the academic and practical implications are presented.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.247-267
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• 2016

It has been pointed out that the mathematics textbooks according to 2009 revised national curriculum cause difficulty not by mathematical knowledge but concomitantly by words and sentences for the first graders who just started learning Korean alphabets. This study focused on the suitability of words and sentences in mathematics textbooks for elementary first grade. We analyzed the degree of difficulty and familiarity in terms of words and the structure, length, and expression in terms of sentences. The results show some causes that lead the first graders to the difficulty. In more detail, we found 108 difficult words and 6 unfamiliar words for the first graders. And it is noticed that the textbooks contain 37 compound sentences, 727 complex sentences, and 38 compound-complex sentences. They also contain 237 long sentences that are composed of 9 words or more, 168 sentences that assign two activities or more, and 52 sentences that contain three nouns or adjectives or more successively. Based on these results and discussions, we suggested several implications for writing mathematics textbooks for the lower grades in elementary school.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.318-329
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• 2017

This study examined the physical self-concept and self-efficacy of undergraduates. Using the convenience sampling method of non-provability sampling, a total of 377 undergraduates from North Kyongsang Province G city were selected. Of the 377 completed questionnairescollected, a total of 354 surveys with structural equation modeling were analyzed using theSPSS 22.0 statistics program. The self-esteem, endurance, health, and flexibility factors have positive effects on improvingthe self-control efficacy factor of self-efficacy in the order of physical self-concept factors. On the other hand,the higher university students perceive that among the physical self-concepts, the physical activity factor had more negative effects on the self-regulated efficacy. The self-esteem, health, and muscle strength have positive effects on improvingthe confidence factor of self-efficacy in the order of physical self-concept factors. The more perceptive endurance than the appearance, sports competence, body fat, health, self-esteem, flexibility, muscle strength of physical self-concept, and the more influence on self-efficacy. Overall, the higher the perception of physical activity factors among the physical self-concept factors, the more negative effects on the task difficult preference.