• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.642-655
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• 2022

Purpose: We examined the effects of the 8-week moderate-intensity Pilates exercise program on body composition, balance ability, metabolic parameters, arterial condition, and eating habits among overweight and obese women. Methods: From the general sample of overweight or obese Korean women (body mass index ≥ 23 kg/m² ), those who had not been diagnosed with any chronic degenerative diseases were enrolled in the study (n = 39). After 8 weeks of the Pilates exercise program, the participants were subdivided into adherence and non-adherence groups. Among the study participants, 24 women were matched for age and menopausal status to reduce the bias, and then finally included for the comparison (Pilates-adherence, n = 12; Pilates-non-adherence, n = 12). Results: The body balance measured by the Y-balance test, body mass index, and subcutaneous fat areas were significantly improved in both groups. However, the Pilate-sadherence group showed more positive changes in body balance and had significant improvement in body composition parameters such as waist size, visceral fat area, systolic blood pressure, arterial aging index, fasting blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin than the Pilates-non-adherence group. In addition, the nutrition quotient for Korean adults (balance, moderation, and behavior except diversity) were significantly improved in both groups after dietary education. However, the participants did not show dramatic improvement in the metabolic parameters, because all the study subjects were in relatively good health and did not have any diagnosed diseases. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that higher adherence to the Pilates exercise program together with a modification of eating habits may effectively improve body balance, body composition, and obesity-related parameters among overweight and obese women.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 1986

In southeastern sea of Korea, ammonium excretion rates of mixed macrozooplankton population ranged from 0.90 to 2.32$\mu\textrm{g}$ atoms NH$\_$4/-Nm$\^$-3/h$\^$-1/ and zooplankton excretion contributed from 3 to 15% of total nitrogen requirement by phytoplankton. Wet weight specific ex cretion rate was averaged to be 3.45$\mu\textrm{g}$ atoms NH$\_$4/-Ng$\^$-1/wet weight h$\^$-1/. Zooplankton biomass in wet weight and protein tended to increase to ward outer outer shelf. GDH assay of macrozooplankton demonstrated a typical Michaelis-Mentenkinetics with 5.1mM of half saturation constant(Km). Protein specific GDH activity in the present study ranged from 1.5 to 3.2$\mu\textrm{g}$ atoms NH $\_$4/-N mg$\^$-1/protein h$\^$-1/. Higher protein specific GDH activity in the outer shelf implies that zooplankters in the outer shelf were more active in nitrogen metabolism grazing higher primary production in the outer shelf. In the present study, averaged GDH/excretion ratio was 18.8${\pm}$2.6(n=6)showing high correlation between zooplankton GDH activity and direct ammonium excretion rate by zooplankton. GDH assay can be extremely useful in the future study for the ammonium regeneration by different size zooplankton fraction in various marine environments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.128-131
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• 1996

소아들의 음성장애의 대부분은 음성과 기능에 의한 성대의 오용 및 남용으로부터 기인한다. 그러나 음성장애에 대한 인식의 부족으로 인하여 소아의 음성장애 발견율은 극히 낮은 수준에 머므르고 있다. 치료에 있어서도 행동의 통제가 그다지 쉽지 않기 때문에 많은 어려움이 따른다. 본 연구는 소아의 음성장애의 발생경위와 문제의 설명과 차팅에 의한 남용의 감소에 초점을 둔 치료사례이다. 5세 아동의 심한 음성장애로 의뢰되어졌다. 음성증후는 목쉰소리, 기식화된 소리, 일시적인 발성일탈(phonation break) 등이 두드러졌다. 이비인후과 전문의의 스트로보스코프(stroboscope) 검진결과 초기 양측성 성대결절이 성대 앞쪽으로부터 1/3 지점에서 발견되었으며 비지피치(Visi-Pitch)로 측정된 퍼터베이션(perturbation 수치가 16.8이었다. 사례사 조사 과정에서 아동이 활동적이며 자주 고함을 지르고 자동차놀이를 주로하며 많은 시간을 보낸다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 중재 프로그램은 우선 문제를 설명하고 인식시키는 것과 고함을 지르거나 자동차놀이를 하면서 자동차 소음을 흉내내는 등의 음성남용 회수를 감소시키는 것에 초점을 두었다 17회의 치료로 성대결절이 감소되었고 퍼터베이션은 3.8로 저하되었으며 아동 스스로 음성남용을 통제할 수 있다는 임상적 판단하에 치료를 종결하였다. 1개월 후 추후 검사에서 남용적인 습관이 여전히 나타나지 않았으며 음성상태도 양호하였다. 소아 음성장애의 치료는 소아가 이해할 수 있는 용어로 문제의 인식을 확실히 시키고 행동을 체계적으로 통제할 수 있는 치료프로그램을 실행시키는 임상가의 자질이 대단히 중요하다. 그러나 그에 못지 않게, 많은 시간을 아동과 함께 보내는 부모나 교사의 협력이 치료의 성패를 좌우할 수 있다.조구와 처리구간에 차이가 없었다. 그러나 유지방 함량의 경우 대조구가 3.22%, 처리구가 3.37%로 처리구가 0.15% point 증가했으나 유의차는 없었다. Fan ＋ sprinkler가 설치된 시설에서 사육된 젖소에서 생산된 우유내 체세포수는 대조구에 비해 26.63%가 감소되었으나 유의차는 발견할 수 없었다. 이상의 시험 결과에서 볼 때 fan ＋ sprinkler를 이용한 방서 방법은 고온 stress를 완화시켜 유생산성의 증가에 기여할 수 있는 하나의 방법이라고 본다.을 알 수가 있었다.없다. 본 논문의 대상은 바로 이러한 합성 동사성명사의 논항구조와 동사성명사에 의해 하위범주화된 논항들의 문법적 실현양상이다..그 결과 심리적 특성과 사용자 수용 특성은 아바타 수용도에 부분적으로 영향을 미친다는 것 결과가 나타났다.웨어 프로세스 평가와 개선 모델의 개발을 위한 기초적인 자료를 제공할 것으로 예상된다 또한, 본 연구 결과는, 우리나라 소프트웨어 조직들이 실제로 무엇을 필요로 하는지를 밝힘으로써, 우리나라의 소프트웨어 산업을 육성하기 위한 실효성 있는 정책 입안을 위한 기초 자료를 제공할 것으로 예상된다.다.를 검증하려고 한다. 협력체계 확립, ${\circled}3$ 전문인력 확보 및 인력구성 조정, 그리고 ${\circled}4$ 방문보건사업의 강화 등이다., 대사(代謝)와 관계(關係)있음을 시사(示唆)해 주고 있다.ble nutrient (TDN) was highest in booting stage (59.7%); however no significant difference was found among other stages. The concentrations of Ca and P were not

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3405-3411
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• 2009

This study was performed to be used as basic data to preventive the osteoporosis of a rural community people, after finding out the bone mineral density and a state of health, that of exercise, body composition and basic physical strength of the rural community adult. the subject for 143 adults of a rural community, the relation between bone mineral density and a state of health, that of exercise, body measurement and basic physical strength was studied. The research results were as follows. 1. In survey subjects, the more the age increased(p<0.01) and the lower the educational level was, the lower bone mineral density was(p<0.05). 2. Bone mineral density was significantly lower in those who had chronic diseases than those who didn't (p<0.05). 3. Bone mineral density was significantly higher in those who had much weight, BMI, body fat mass, and fat-free mass than those who didn't(p<0.01). 4. Bone mineral density was significantly high in those who exercised in the past, whose basal metabolism was high, and whose muscle mass was much(p<0.05). 5. Bone mineral density was high in those who had much grasping power and a number of sit-ups and push-ups (p<0.01). 6. As a result of Multiple Regression Analysis in which BMD was a dependent variable, the more the age increased, the more the score of bone density decreased when they had chronic diseases. And the exercise of the past affected the increase of bone mineral density.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.1637-1644
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• 2015

To develop health-functional food ingredients for improvement of diabetes, we examined biological activities, including total contents of polyphenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and inhibition of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities of ethanol extracts from unripe fruit of Momordica charantia L. cultivated in Hamyang, Korea. Ethanol extracts were tested using different ethanol concentrations (0%, 30%, 50%, and 70%) and temperatures ($50^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$). Experimental results showed that total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were achieved concentrations of 7.77 mg/g (tannic acid), 7.66 mg/g (gallic acid), and 10.66 mg/g (rutin). The hydroxyl radical scavenging, ABTS cation radical scavenging, and FRAP activities were 82.19%, 42.82%, and 0.19 under the same conditions, respectively. The highest inhibitory activities of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase were achieved in the 70% ethanol extract at $70^{\circ}C$. These results will be useful for development of health functional foods for anti-diabetes using 70% ethanol extract from unripe fruit of bitter melon.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.577-588
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• 2003

정보기술의 급진적인 발달로 경쟁이 점점 심화되어져 가고 있는 환경 속에서 경쟁적 우위를 갖기 위한 기업들의 끊임없는 노력은 계속 되고 있다 이러한 시점에 ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning: 전사적 자원관리) 시스템은 기업의 경쟁력을 재고하고 변화하는 비즈니스 환경을 예측하여 신속하고 현명하게 대처하기 위한 수단으로서의 역할을 수행하고 있으며 최근 기업뿐만 아니라 대학에서도 이에 대한 관심이 확산되고 있다. 이미 국외의 많은 대학들이 ERP 시스템을 도입한 실정이고, 국내에서는 정보화 사업의 일환으로 연세대학교가 일반 행정 업무의 효율화를 위해 SAP R/3를 도입했고 향후 학사 행정 시스템과의 통합을 모색 중이다. 정부에서도 국·공립 대학들의 행정업무효율성 제고를 위해 차세대 행정업무시스템으로 ERP 시스템 도입을 본격화하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 정보화를 추진하고자 하는 국내 대학에 ERP 시스템의 도입을 제안하였고, 기존에 선행 연구된 연구자료를 비교·분석하여 기업의 ERP 시스템 구축 성공요인을 정리하였다. 국내 대학은 ERP 시스템 도입 시 제시된 주요성공요인 등을 고려하고 지속적인 관심으로 프로젝트를 수행함으로써 보다 효과적으로 구축을 완료해야 할 것이며, 아직 국내의 사례가 충분하지 않기 때문에 본 논문에서 제시한 국내외의 사례를 살펴봄으로써 대학의 ERP 시스템 도입에 관해 빠른 이해를 할 수 있을 것이다. 끝으로 본 논문은 초기단계에 있는 국내 대학의 ERP 시스템 도입에 대학이 나가야 할 방향을 제시하였고, 앞으로 국내 대학의 ERP 시스템 도입이 증가할수록 이에 대한 연구도 계속 되어야 할 것이다.보다 더 높게 나타난 반면에, 실무계 전문가 집단은 비용이 정보시스템 보다 더 높게 나타났다는 것이다.리적 특성이론과 사용자 수용이론으로 구분하여 이 특성에 따라서 향후 개발될 3D 핸드폰 아바타의 수용도의 관계를 파악하고자 한다. 본 연구에 대한 자료 수집방법은 D대학교의 교양과목인 “사이버문화의 이해와 활용”을 수강하는 학생들을 대상으로 총 170부를 설문 조사하였으며, 수집된 설문지 중에서 불성실하게 응답한 설문지 6부를 제외한 총 164부를 유효한 설문으로 확보하였다. SPSSWIN 10.0 패키지를 이용하였으며, Cronbach's Alpha값을 통한 신뢰도 분석과 요인분석을 통한 타당성 분석을 하고, 연구변수로 선정한 각 요소들의 아바타 수용도에 미치는 영향력 정도를 파악하기 위해 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 심리적 특성과 사용자 수용 특성은 아바타 수용도에 부분적으로 영향을 미친다는 것 결과가 나타났다.웨어 프로세스 평가와 개선 모델의 개발을 위한 기초적인 자료를 제공할 것으로 예상된다 또한, 본 연구 결과는, 우리나라 소프트웨어 조직들이 실제로 무엇을 필요로 하는지를 밝힘으로써, 우리나라의 소프트웨어 산업을 육성하기 위한 실효성 있는 정책 입안을 위한 기초 자료를 제공할 것으로 예상된다.다.를 검증하려고 한다. 협력체계 확립, ${\circled}3$ 전문인력 확보 및 인력구성 조정, 그리고 ${\circled}4$ 방문보건사업의 강화 등이다., 대사(代謝)와 관계(關係)있음을 시사(示唆)해 주고 있다.ble nutrient (TDN) was highest in booting stage (59.7%);

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 1990

Apparent and true metabolizable energy (AME and TME) contents and true amino acid availability (TAAA) values of full-fat seed, oil meal and oil of canola were assayed employing mature Single Comb white Leghorn roosters. For AME, test diets containing 30% level of canola full-fat seed, oil meal, oil meal plus oil or 10% level of oil were fed for a 3-day adaptation period, followed by a 4-day fecal collection period. For TME and TAAA, 30g test diets were force-fed and total excreta were collected for 48 hours, following a 24 hour fasting period. Metabolizable energy values were corrected to zero nitrogen balance(AMEn and TMEn), Canola contained 4,485, 1,984,8,275 and 5,655kcal/kg of AMEn and 4,577, 2,103, 8,487 and 5,630kcal/kg of TMEn for full-fat seed, oil meal, oil and mixture of meal plus oil, respectirely. The mixtures of oil meal plus oil had significantly higher available energy contents than the full-fat seeds (p＜0.01) . In general, TAAA values of full-fat seed were higher than those of oil meal.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.156-168
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• 2024

This study was carried out to provide fundamental data for forest land and the environment by investigating the vegetation structure and soil properties of forest land where Sarcodon impricatus are present. The study area was divided into the Quercus mongolica community, dominated by Q. mongolica and the Quercus variabilis community, a mixed forest with Q. variabilis, Q. mongolica and Pinus densiflora. Also, Calamagrostis arundinacea in the former community and Disporum smilacinum and Carex siderosticta in the latter community showed significant levels as indicator species. Both communities showed a strong correlation between available phosphate and pH, sand, and clay, and the high organic matter content and slightly acidic pH of the soil are believed to be related to the development of S. impricatus. The species appearing at the lower layer continue to dominate because the species appearing at the upper layer have secured realized niches. The site was distributed in a relatively humid place in a north-east direction, and soil was developed with a thin litter layer and low rock exposure. In the selected S. impricatus growing areas, vegetation centered on highly adaptable species to disturbance or external interference was developed. Therefore, it is expected to be used as fundamental data to promote the occurrence of S. impricatus during artificial cultivation, as it is possible to identify the stand where S. impricatus occurs indirectly.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2015

This work was carried out to evaluate the feces and ileal digestibility of canola meal and wheat bran in ducks. Ninety Pekin ducks (6-week-old, average 3.4 kg) were divided into three treatments (6 replications/treatment, 5 birds/replication) by feedstuffs (basal diet, canola meal, and wheat bran) and were fed on these diets in individual metabolic cages for one week. After one week, the samples for analysis were collected from feces and ileum. On comparison of treatments and collected sites, the feces digestibility of basal diet was the highest among treatments on chemical compositions except crude protein and crude fat and ileal digestibility of canola meal was the lowest (P<0.01). On comparison of treatments, the digestibility of basal diet was higher and that of wheat bran was lower when compared to other treatments (P<0.05). The feces digestibility was lower than the ileal digestibility in crude protein (P<0.05) and crude fat (P<0.01). The digestibility of amino acid was the highest at feces of control group among treatments (P<0.01). No significant difference was detected in terms of digestibility of isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine among essential amino acids, and alanine, glycine and tyrosine among non-essential amino acids between control and wheat bran, and wheat bran and canola meal. However amino acid digestibility was higher in control group when compared to canola meal group (P<0.05). Other amino acid digestibilities were not significantly differ by treatments. These results may provide the basic data on amino acid digestibility of ducks to evaluate feedstuffs and to formulate optimum diet for commercial Pekin duck.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.379-388
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• 1994

Background : In sleep apnea syndrome, arterial oxygen saturation($SaO_2$) decreases at a variable rate and to a variable degree for a given apneic period from patient to patient, and various kinds of cardiac arrythmia are known to occur. Factors supposed to affect arterial oxygen desaturation during apnea are duration of apnea, lung voulume at which apnea occurs, and oxygen consumption rate of the subject. The lung serves as preferential oxygen source during apnea, and there have been many reports related with the influence of lung volume on $SaO_2$ during apnea, but there are few, if any, studies about the influence of oxygen consumption rate of an individual on $SaO_2$ during breath holding or about the profile of arterial oxygen resaturation after breathing resumed. Methods : To investigate the changes of $SaO_2$ and heart rate(HR) during breath holding(BH) and rebreathing(RB) and to evaluate the physiologic factors responsible for the changes, lung volume measurements, and arterial blood gas analyses were performed in 17 healthy subjects. Nasal airflow by thermistor, $SaO_2$ by pulse oxymeter and ECG tracing were recorded on Polygraph(TA 4000, Gould, U.S.A.) during voluntary BH & RB at total lung capacity(TLC), at functional residual capacity(FRC) and at residual volume(RV), respectively, for the study subjects. Each subject's basal metabolic rate(BMR) was assumed on Harris-Benedict equation. Results: The time needed for $SaO_2$ to drop 2% from the basal level during breath holding(T2%) were $70.1{\pm}14.2$ sec(mean${\pm}$standard deviation) at TLC, $44.0{\pm}11.6$ sec at FRC, and $33.2{\pm}11.1$ sec at RV(TLC vs. FRC, p<0.05; FRC vs. RV, p<0.05). On rebreathing after $SaO_2$ decreased 2%, further decrement in $SaO_2$ was observed and it was significantly greater at RV($4.3{\pm}2.1%$) than at TLC($1.4{\pm}1.0%$)(p<0.05) or at FRC($1.9{\pm}1.4%$)(p<0.05). The time required for $SaO_2$ to return to the basal level after RB(Tr) at TLC was not significantly different from those at FRC or at RV. T2% had no significant correlation either with lung volumes or with BMR respectively. On the other hand, T2% had significant correlation with TLC/BMR(r=0.693, p<0.01) and FRC/BMR (r=0.615, p<0.025) but not with RV/BMR(r=0.227, p>0.05). The differences between maximal and minimal HR(${\Delta}HR$) during the BH-RB manuever were $27.5{\pm}9.2/min$ at TLC, $26.4{\pm}14.0/min$ at RV, and $19.1{\pm}6.0/min$ at FRC which was significantly smaller than those at TLC(p<0.05) or at RV(p<0.05). The mean difference of 5 p-p intervals before and after RB were $0.8{\pm}0.10$ sec and $0.72{\pm}0.09$ sec at TLC(p<0.001), $0.82{\pm}0.11$ sec and $0.73{\pm}0.09$ sec at FRC(p<0.025), and $0.77{\pm}0.09$ sec and $0.72{\pm}0.09$ sec at RV(p<0.05). Conclusion Healthy subjects showed arterial desaturation of various rates and extent during breath holding at different lung volumes. When breath held at lung volume greater than FRC, the rate of arterial desaturation significantly correlated with lung volume/basal metabolic rate, but when breath held at RV, the rate of arterial desaturation did not correlate linearly with RV/BMR. Sinus arrythmias occurred during breath holding and rebreathing manuever irrespective of the size of the lung volume at which breath holding started, and the amount of change was smallest when breath held at FRC and the change in vagal tone induced by alteration in respiratory movement might be the major responsible factor for the sinus arrythmia.