• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.19-36
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• 2004

This study examines the relation between accruals components of earnings and stock return. Earnings are decomposed into four components: discretionary accruals, nondiscretionary accruals, nondiscretionary income and cash flow from operations. Because reported earnings in financial statement consist of cash flow from operations plus total accruals. We decompose total accruals into a discretionary accruals and a nondiscretionary accruals separately. This paper examines the incremental informational content of discretionary accruals and nondiscretionary accruals components of net income by regressing return on earnings' components in multivariate models. The empirical analysis is conducted on a sample of 1,580 firm-years comprising 158 firms during 1991-2003. discretionary accruals are obtained by decomposing total accruals into discretionary and nondiscretionary accruals conponents, using a pooled variation of the Jones model(1991). These findings suggest that the discretionary accruals(measured using a variation the Jones model) is priced by the stock market. Specifically, the discretionary accruals and cash flow from operations are positively associated with the stock return, and also nondiscretionary income, discretionary accruals are positively associated with the stock return. While this result is consistent with the market prices the discretionary accruals because it captures value-relevant information. Additional test report evidence consistent with nondiscretionary accruals conveying information about the stock return.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2019

Globally, the change in higher education is gradually moving toward a trend that seeks a change in innovative higher education through the revitalization of digital-based education. Accordingly, this study designed a customized education model based on e-learning that can be used in undergraduate education and development of lifelong vocational skills. The use of online learning platforms and the expansion of education are major factors that change the overall higher education system as the form and content of curriculum changes around the world. In order to establish a customized education model using online learning platform, this study analyzed major overseas advanced education cases and selected the basic direction of customized learning as personalized learning, competency based learning, and training for talents leading the 4th Industrial Revolution. Then, FGI was conducted for undergraduate and lifelong vocational ability development experts. As a result, a customized education model using an online learning platform was derived from a degree-type model available in undergraduate education and a non-degree-type model available in the field of lifelong vocational ability development, and each operation strategy was suggested.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1-26
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• 2020

The term 'Unicorns' in the corporate ecosystem was firstly introduced by Aileen Lee in 2013. It has been actively discussed in South Korea particularly to compare the level of the 'start-up ecosystem' from a global perspective. Accordingly, the Korean government has recently set a policy goal 'to nurture 20 Korean unicorn companies by 2022'. While the phenomenon of 'Unicorn Club Company' has been brought to the level of policy objectives and spread more widely to the public, existing academic research to understand its substantial and underlying implications has been insufficient. First, in this study, the characteristics of 479 'Unicorn Club' companies in 2019 were analyzed in-depth. Previous research has focused on the general status and trend by analyzing the number of unicorn companies by country and industry classifications. However, this study conducted a qualitative exploratory analysis by investigating descriptive statistics about unicorn companies, including their investors, while providing case studies. Also, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and multi-level regression were employed for quantitative exploration. The characteristics of individual companies were examined based on the "ERIS Model (Entrepreneur - Industry(Market) - Resource - Strategy Model)". Secondly, factors influencing its valuations were examined in connection with the previously analyzed characteristic variables and investor characteristics. Finally, based on these, the future direction of the "Unicorn Phenomenon" from the perspective of "Enterprise Ecosystem" and productively using it from the perspective of the public policy is suggested.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.81-94
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• 2020

Based on innovative technologies and new start-up ideas, startups have been actively researched on the entrepreneurship needed to strengthen the organization's capabilities and generate results in the start-up process. This study studied the entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of startups in the Philippines and the financial and non-financial performance of enterprises. This study carried out not only the entrepreneurial orientation to the performance of Filipino startups but also the role of social capital as parameters in the performance of enterprises. The empirical research was completed for 93 Philippine startups and the suitability of the research model was evaluated with a PLS-based structural equation model. The results of the study first confirmed that the enterprise orientation of Philippine startups has a positive impact on both financial and non-financial performance of the enterprises. Second, the entrepreneurial orientation of Philippine startups has been shown to have a positive effect on both the structural, cognitive and relational dimensions of social capital. Third, it was found that the relevant dimensions of social capital mediated both the corporate orientation and the relationship between the financial and non-financial performance of the entity. Entrepreneurial orientation has been confirmed to be directly or indirectly affecting the performance of startups through social capital. These findings reaffirmed that entrepreneurial orientation is still a valid important factor in developing countries as well as in countries such as Korea and the United States. Based on this study, we have identified the need for research from a more integrated perspective, such as the concept of strategic orientation. Finally, practical implications were presented to reflect the findings analyzed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.261-270
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• 2022

For mobile online games, this study examines how use pursuit propensity, use interest, use, service quality, and system quality, which are attributes that evaluate the use value and benefit for Chinese users, have an effect on use satisfaction. Empirical analysis results; all composing factors of four attribute had a positive effect, and the degree of effect was different according to game types in use interest and use, service quality. In terms of use pursuit, there was no difference between game types, and innovation pursuit and relationship pursuit were found to be similarly important effecting factors. In terms of use interest, there was a difference between game types. Sense of solidarity in single-player game and sense of achievement in multi-player game was found to be the most important effecting factor. In terms of service quality, there was a difference between game types. Easy of game in single-player game and function of game in multi-player game was the most important effecting factor. In terms of system quality, use convenience was found the most important effecting factor without difference between game types. Based on these results, this study suggested a strategy to enhance game development and loyalty to companies in the game industry.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.107-133
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• 2020

Many researchers conducted studies on the relationship between entrepreneur's characteristic, capability, strategy and performance of new venture. However, the development of scientific technique and the complexity of the business environment have stimulated entrepreneurial teams rather than individuals. Therefore, the necessity of theoretical and practical study on the effect of the characteristics of an entrepreneurial team on the new venture companies was suggested. Initial research on entrepreneurial team diversity has primarily addressed the impact of demographic diversity on performance. In order to verify the research model of this study, 287 delegates of new venture companies that participated in the projects at the 18 Centers for Creative Economy & Innovation in 17 regions of the country conducted validity and reliability test based on the questionnaire to which they answered. The result shows that only gender diversity among demographic diversity affected non-financial performance. Information diversity influenced career diversity on financial performance and diversity in education on non-financial performance. Also, the higher the previous sharing experience, the better the financial performance. Value diversity has negative effect on both financial and non-financial performance. Based on the results, theoretical and practical implications are derived. Also suggested are methodological limitations and future research directions.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.267-276
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• 2023

Based on the tourism input-output data of five provinces and cities in China's Bohai Rim region from 2015~2021, this study analyzes the efficiency of regional tourism using DEA-BCC and DEA-Malmquist index, as well as its contribution to regional economic efficiency, and identifies factors influencing the comprehensive efficiency. The research results indicate that the comprehensive efficiency of the tourism industry in the China Bohai Sea region has reached an optimal level of 88.9%, but there is still room for improvement, with overall fluctuations. The overall productivity of the tourism industry exhibits a "U"-shaped fluctuating pattern, with growth mainly driven by technological advancements. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the region experienced a nearly 50% decrease in total factor productivity in 2019~2020. However, in 2021, with the implementation of various government stimulus policies, the tourism efficiency rapidly recovered to 80% of pre-pandemic levels. In terms of the impact of the tourism industry on the regional economy in the China Bohai Sea region, Hebei Province stands out as a significant contributor. Based on the aforementioned research findings, the following recommendations are proposed in three aspects: optimizing the supply structure, increasing innovation investment, and strengthening internal collaboration. These recommendations provide valuable insights for enhancing regional tourism efficiency and promoting regional synergy.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.219-235
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• 2023

The advancement of digital technology and the impact of COVID-19 have brought about changes in corporate innovation and organizational culture, thereby highlighting the significance of Smart Learning in the field of HRD (Human Resource Development). This trend has led to an increased interest in personalized Smart Learning among employees due to the growth of hybrid work and the widespread adoption of smart work practices. This study aimed to illuminate the relative importance of the factors that constitute Smart Learning from the perspective of HRD practitioners. Through a review of prior literature, Smart Learning hierarchy and factors most fitting to the current context were identified, and their relative importance was determined using the AHP method. Consequently, in the first-tier factors, importance was confirmed in the order of 'Learning Activities', 'Teaching Activities', 'Learning Content', 'Assessment and Evaluations', and 'Learning Time and Space'. At the second-tier encompassing all factors, 'Pedagogical Strategy', 'Learning Results', 'Learning Tasks', 'Learning Goal', and 'Learning Support' emerged within the top five factors. These findings are significant in that they redefine the concept of smart learning and propose an academic framework for future research. Additionally, from a practical perspective, it is anticipated that this study will contribute valuable insights for HRD practitioners, aiding them in focusing on which factors to prioritize for enhancing and advancing Smart Learning initiatives.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.199-232
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• 2018

There are increasing needs for understanding and fathoming of business management environment through big data analysis at industrial and corporative level. The research using the company disclosure information, which is comprehensively covering the business performance and the future plan of the company, is getting attention. However, there is limited research on developing applicable analytical models leveraging such corporate disclosure data due to its unstructured nature. This study proposes a text-mining-based analytical model for industrial and firm level analyses using publicly available company disclousre data. Specifically, we apply LDA topic model and word2vec word embedding model on the U.S. SEC data from the publicly listed firms and analyze the trends of business topics at the industrial and corporate levels. Using LDA topic modeling based on SEC EDGAR 10-K document, whole industrial management topics are figured out. For comparison of different pattern of industries' topic trend, software and hardware industries are compared in recent 20 years. Also, the changes of management subject at firm level are observed with comparison of two companies in software industry. The changes of topic trends provides lens for identifying decreasing and growing management subjects at industrial and firm level. Mapping companies and products(or services) based on dimension reduction after using word2vec word embedding model and principal component analysis of 10-K document at firm level in software industry, companies and products(services) that have similar management subjects are identified and also their changes in decades. For suggesting methodology to develop analysis model based on public management data at industrial and corporate level, there may be contributions in terms of making ground of practical methodology to identifying changes of managements subjects. However, there are required further researches to provide microscopic analytical model with regard to relation of technology management strategy between management performance in case of related to various pattern of management topics as of frequent changes of management subject or their momentum. Also more studies are needed for developing competitive context analysis model with product(service)-portfolios between firms.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.909-918
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• 2010

To analyze the national competitiveness of Korea leads to the conclusion that global high-tech enterprises have been playing leading and pulling roles in making Korea in line with advanced countries even though the country is lacking in various natural resources. The characteristics of these companies above are as follows; Firstly, these enterprises continue to accumulate core technologies and know-how with highly competent human resources and well-organized management. Secondly, they are well structured and equipped with information technology infrastructures which are, for example, ERP, SCM, CRM, and PLM. Among them PLM is considered to be the principal core information technology infra in manufacturing industry. The urgent task of manufacturing industry recently is to develop new products to accept various needs of consumers, and to launch the products in time to market, which requires the manufactures to be equipped with product development infra and system to upgrade product fulfillment and mass production system in a short period. The introduction of PLM System is a solution of core strategy as a manufacturer for collaboration, global development, reengineering of manufacturing system, the innovation and efficiency of manufacturing process, and product quality improvement. The purpose of this study is to analyze the success factors of introducing PLM System and its practicing effectiveness. And the results of empirical study are as follows; (1) Technical success factors positively impact system quality and user satisfaction, (2) Organizational success factors positively impact system quality, but does not impact user satisfaction, (3) Environmental success factors positively impact system quality and user satisfaction, (4) System quality positively impacts user satisfaction, (5) User satisfaction positively impacts the effectiveness of implementing PLM systems, but system quality does not impact it.