• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.6_1
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• pp.941-951
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• 2018

Utilization and demand of UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) for the generation of 3D city model are increasing. In this study, we performed an experiment to adjustment position/orientation of UAV with incomplete attitude information and to extract point cloud data. In order to correct the attitude of the UAV, the rotation angle was calculated by using the continuous position information of UAV movements. Based on this, the corrected position/orientation information was obtained by applying IBA (Incremental Bundle Adjustment) based on photogrammetry. Each pair was transformed into an epipolar image, and the MDR (Multi-Dimensional Relaxation) technique was applied to obtain high precision DSM. Each extracted pair is aggregated and output in the form of a single point cloud or DSM. Using the DJI inspire1 and Phantom4 images, we can confirm that the point cloud can be extracted which expresses the railing of the building clearly. In the future, research will be conducted on improving the matching performance and establishing sensor models of oblique images. After that, we will continue the image processing technology for the generation of the 3D city model through the study of the extraction of 3D cloud It should be developed.

• Journal of Software Engineering Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

Google released an initial version of Android that runs Dex(Dalvik Executable) through the Dalvik Runtime. Since Dalvik Runtime is based on interpreter, JIT(Just-in-time) compilation has been applied to improve performance. After Lollipop(Android 5.0) Dalvik Runtime has replaced with ART Runtime which support AOT (Ahead-of-time) compilation of Dex into Native Code. The late st Android has a problem that the application execution speed is slow until the AOT compilation is completed according to the actual usage record after the installation of the app. To improve the problem we have investigate the characteristics of profile that can improve the execution speed of the application and generate the profile automatically. Finally we propose a method that can optimize the application at install time. With the proposed method we can optimize selectively at install time and can help improving the execution speed of the app from the initial execution.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.172-197
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• 2009

The stone stupas of the Mireuk Temple Site and Jeongnim Temple Site were the beginning of Korean stone stupa and the unique ones stemming from the Baeje period. Therefore, the work of investigating the characteristics of these two stone stupas would give us a basis for understanding Korean stone stupas in a large scale and Baekje-style stone stupas in a narrow sense. As shown in some records, the excellent architectural skills of Baekje could be known by the fact that Abiji was invited to the building of Hwangryong Wooden stupa, one of the national undertakings of Shilla and the skills and styles related to stone stupas were thought to be disseminated in this process. However, it has not been very convincing that the stone stupas with Baekje styles were disconnected in an instant with the unification of Shilla, in terms that culture and art would inherited and developed. The current academic circle set a frame and defined all these types of stone stupas as Baekje-system stone stupas built in Goryeo period and put them in a uniformly chronological order. The popularization of Buddhism, support of regionally powerful clans and cultural revival were suggested as the factors of their appearance, but it seemed difficult to be assured that these led Baeje-style stone stupas to reappear in a moment by breaking the gap of about 300 years. Of course, it has not been active in Gyeongju area, but they have greatly influenced the stone stupas of Shilla; therefore, it would be possible to consider that they were developed but limited to certain areas. This study focused on the starting point of such development and investigated the formation of Baeje-style stone stupas through the stone stupas of the Mireuk Temple Site and Jeongnim Temple Site and their subsequent development through Wanggung-ri Stone Stupa.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-18
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• 2019

Due to the great advances in e-Marketplace and changes in type of items purchased from the online market, it has been dramatically increased the demand of the storage and transportation under the special conditions such as restricted temperature. Especially, the cold chain needs the way to transparently measure and monitor the entire network in realtime because it has a very complicated structure and requires totally different criteria at the every different steps and items. In this research, it has been presented the performance evaluation metrics to make contract using service level agreement (SLA), the way to apply the smart contract based on blockchain, the structure of blocks, service platform and application in order to build cold chain which can prevent the risk factors by measuring and sharing information in realtime using block chain technology. In addition, we have proposed the way to store the measured performance and reputation of each player in the block using smart contract based on SLA. With the presented framework, all players including service providers as well as users can secure the information for making the rational decisions. When the service platform is actually built and operated, it seems possible to secure the information in transparently and realtime. Also, it is possible to prevent the risk factors or prepare the preemptive plans to react on them.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.72-80
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• 2021

Based on the previous year's statistics, 37% of buildings in South Korea are aged over 30 years. As the number of the aging buildings increases, so does the need for maintenance. Building maintenance involves a significant number of works; the work of 'maintenance manager' accounting for the largest part. Currently, the maintenance history record is mostly in drawing or handwritten form which makes reviewing the data highly time consuming. Therefore, to improve the convenience of maintenance works and optimize historical data management, the existing maintenance process was analyzed. Problems were derived and a smart device-based automation model was established. In order to establish a smart device-based automation model, ① general flow of facility management process was analyzed and related articles were reviewed, ② current maintenance process was optimized, ③ functional block diagram of BIM Data, COBie Data, IoT, and AR-based automated maintenance management model was created, ④ a smart device-based automated maintenance management model was constructed, ⑤ finally, the above system was verified by testing the aforementioned model in the field site, evaluating the time required for the maintenance process and reviewing maintenance history data against the current one.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.31-40
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• 2021

Blockchain technology is also actively studied in the real estate transaction field, and real estate transactions have various ways. In this paper, we propose a model that simplifies the authentication procedure of auction systems using Ethereum's Ether to solve the problem of offline court auctions. The proposed model is written in Ethereum's Solidity language, the court registers the sale date and the sale date with the DApp browser, and the bidder accesses the address of the individual's wallet created through Metamask's private key. The bidder then selects the desired sale and enters the bid price amount to participate in the auction. The bidder's record of the highest bid price for the sale he wants is written on the Ethereum test network as a smart contract. and creates a block. Finally, smart contracts written on the network are distributed by the court auction manager to all nodes in the blockchain network, and each node in the blockchain network can be viewed and contract verified. As a result of analyzing the smart contracts of the proposed model and the performance of the system, there are fees incurred due to the creation and use of Ether on platforms using Ethereum, and participation. Ether's changes in value affect the price of the sale, resulting in inconsistent fees in smart contracts each time. However, in future work, we issue our own tokens to solve the market volatility problem and commission problem with the value change of Ether, and refine complex court auction systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.49-59
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• 2021

Since ancient times, legends and tales have been handed down with a spirituality, shamanistic meaning, and imagination. Among many tales about people and animal footprints that are handed down in various parts of Korea, Changnyeong's 'Munhojang Footprint' is the first case in which the physical evidence(footprints) that the main character has left was identified as a dinosaur footprint. In this study, we performed a scientific analysis based on the basic data collection, distribution pattern of 'Munhojang Footprint', three-dimensional digital recording and visualization, as well as case analysis and humanitic review of footprints in tales and legends. The Munhojang Footprints has long been known as human footprints left in the natural rock due to its shape and preservation status. A new analysis that the Munhojang footprints (composed of 13 footprints) are dinosaur tracks shows social perceptions of the ancient people, characterized by the fear of supernatural beings and the limits of scientific interpretation. Through this scientific and humanistic exploration of Munhojang Footprint that are passed down from generation to generation as legends, pray for peace and well-being of the village through rituals and rituals every year, and have been preserved and managed as practical evidence, it is expected that traditional culture and natural heritage will be linked and mutual value will be enhanced.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.57-72
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• 2021

Purpose: At present, there are a variety of serious patient safety incidents related to problems in health information technology (HIT), specifically involving electronic medical records (EMRs). This emphasizes the need for an enhanced electronic medical record system (EMRS). As such, this study analyzed both the nature of and potential to prevent incidents associated with HIT/EMRS based on data from the Korea Patient Safety Reporting and Learning System (KOPS). Methods: This study analyzed patient safety incidents submitted to KOPS between August 2016 and December 2019. HIT keywords were used to extract HIT/EMRS incidents. Each case was reviewed to confirm whether the contributing factors were related to HIT/EMRS (HIT/EMRS-related incidents) and if the incident could have been prevented (HIT/EMRS-preventable incidents). The selected reports were summarized for general clarity (e.g., incident type, and degree of harm). Results: Of the 25,515 obtained reports, 2,664 incidents (10.4%) were HIT-related, while 2,525 (9.9%) were EMRS-related. HIT/EMRS-related incidents were the third largest type of incident followed by 'fall' and 'medication incidents.' More than 80% of HIT/EMRS-related incidents were medication-related, accounting for approximately one-third of the total number of medication incidents. Approximately 10% of HIT/EMRS-related incidents resulted in patient harm, with more than 94% of these deemed as preventable; further, sentinel events were wholly preventable. Conclusion: This study provides basic data for improving EMR use/safety standards based on real-world patient safety incidents. Such improvements entail the establishment of long-term plans, research, and incident analysis, thus ensuring a safe healthcare environment for patients and healthcare providers.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.263-278
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• 2022

With the recent advent of IoT technology, automatic pet feeders are being distributed so that owners can feed their companion animals while they are out. However, due to behaviors of pets, the method of measuring weight, which is important in automatic feeding, can be easily damaged and broken when using the scale. The 3D camera method has disadvantages due to its cost, and the 2D camera method has relatively poor accuracy when compared to 3D camera method. Hence, the purpose of this study is to propose a deep learning approach that can accurately estimate weight while simply using a 2D camera. For this, various convolutional neural networks were used, and among them, the ResNet101-based model showed the best performance: an average absolute error of 3.06 grams and an average absolute ratio error of 3.40%, which could be used commercially in terms of technical and financial viability. The result of this study can be useful for the practitioners to predict the weight of a standardized object such as feed only through an easy 2D image.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.186-197
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• 2022

The Daejanggakgibi Stele of Silleuksa Temple in Yeoju is a stone stele from the Goryeo Dynasty that is inscribed with various stories about the construction of Daejanggak, a place where Buddhist scriptures were kept. This stele has been maintained for a long time in a state in which discoloration of the body has occurred, and the inscription has been partially damaged due to dozens of cracks. Using non-destructive analysis methods for stone artifacts, material investigation, portable X-ray fluorescence analysis, and ultrasonic velocity analysis for the stele were performed. It was confirmed that the stele body was composed of light gray crystalline limestone, and the base stone, support stone, and cover stone were medium-grained biotite granite. Portable X-ray fluorescence analysis confirmed that iron(Fe) was an original coloring element of the stele surface. From the distribution pattern of the coloration, it can be inferred that iron-containing materials flew down from between the stele body and the cover stone. Thereafter, living organisms or organic contaminants attached to it so that yellow and black contaminants were formed. Ultrasonic diagnosis revealed that the physical property of both the front and back surfaces ranged from fresh rocks(FR) to completely weathered rocks(CW), and the average weathering index was grade 3(intermediate). However, the point where cracks developed intensively was judged to be the completely weathered stage(CW), and some cracks located in the upper and lower parts of the stele bear potentially very high risk. It is necessary to monitor the movement of these cracks and establish reinforcement measures for conservation in the future.