• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.477-485
• /
• 1998

To underatand in vitro regulation of differentiation, the effects of growth regulators and nitrogen source on metabolism of cell wall polysaccharides in suspension culture of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were investigated. The suspension cells (cell clusters) were directly induced from the epicotyl segments of the seedlings, which were cultivated in MS medium supplemented with 1.0mg/L of 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L of kinetin. When compared with cell wall sugar contents of the epicotyl segments, the cellulose content of the suspension-cultured cells decreased; while the pectin and hemicellulose content increased; suggesting increases of rhamnogalacturonan I and arabinogalactan IIduring the dedifferentiation, respectively, The effects of growth regulators(2,4-D, 1.0mg/L and kinetin, 0.5mg/L) and nitrogen source (potasium nitrate, 19.0mg/L and ammonium nitrate, 16.5 g/L) in the medium on the proliferation and the turnover of the cell wall polysaccharides were investigated for 30 days. In the medium with growth regulators and without nitrogen source, the proliferation rate was extremely high (16 folds). Growth regulators and nitrogen source increased the pectin content. Analysis of neutral sugar composition of pectin fraction showed that nitrogen source enhanced rhamnose level remarkably, suggesting that rhamnogalacturonan I was the one most likely synthesized. In hemicellulose fraction, growth regulators reduced arabinose level, suggesting that arabinogalactan II was degraded. And nitrogen source reduced galactose level, suggesting that xyloglucan was also degraded.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of extracts from cultured hairy roots of R. undulatum on human kidney epithelial cells. The cytotoxicity was measured by colorimetric assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), neutral red (NR) and sulforhodamine protein B (SRB) with human kidney epithelial cell lines A498. MTT, NR and SRB quantities decreased propotionally in cultured A498 cells treated with the water or chloroform extracts of cultured hairy roots at increasing concentrations. These results suggest that extracts of cultured hairy roots are cytotoxic on human epithelial cells. The cytotoxicity of chloroform fraction was stronger than that of water fraction. The values of $MTT_{50},\;NR_{50}\;SRB_{50}$ of the extracts of chloroform fraction and those of water fraction were measured to be $289.3{\mu}g/ml,\;302.7{\mu}g/ml,\;433.8{\mu}g/ml\;and\;475.8{\mu}g/ml,\;428.3{\mu}g/ml,\;549.5{\mu}g/ml$, in A498 cell line.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.879-886
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to test in vitro the antagonistic effect of composted liquid manure (CLM) against soil-borne turfgrass pathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 (IIIB) (brown patch), R. solani AG-2-2 (IV) (large patch), and Sclerotinia homoeocarpa (dollar spot) for environmentally friendly turfgrass management. CLMs were collected from 9 livestock excretion treatment facilities around the country including Gunwi (GW), Hapcheon (HC), Hoengseong (HS), Icheon (IC), Iksan (IS), Muan (MA), Nonsan (NS), and Yeoju (YJ). CLMs of IC, GW, and IS showed s ignificant (p < 0.05) mycelium growth inhibition that was 17.8%, 20.4%, and 48.0% against R. solani AG-2-2 (IIIB), R. solani AG-2-2 (IV), and S. homoeocarpa, respectively. A t otal of 110 bacterial isolates were obtained from the CLMs that showed antagonistic effects. Among them, 5, 4, and 10 microbe isolates showed promising antifungal activity against mycelium growth of R. solani AG-2-2 (IIIB), R. solani AG-2-2 (IV), and S. homoeocarpa, respectively. The bacterial isolates ICIIIB60, GWIV70, and ISSH20 effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of three soil-borne turfgrass pathogens. Selected bacterial isolates were identified as Alcaligenes sp., Bacillus licheniformis Ab2, and B. subtilis C7-3 through 16s rDNA gene sequence analysis. Among 5 fungicides, the most compatible fungicide with ICIIIB60, GWIV70, and ISSH20 was tebuconazol, toclofos-methyl and toclofos-methyl, respectively. These findings suggested that CLMs could be effectively used not only as organic liquid fertilizer sources but also as biological control agents for soil-borne turfgrass diseases such as brown patch, large patch, and dollar spot.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 1987

A laboratory experiment was conducted to find out the effect of inoculation with plant growth of associative $N_2$-fixing bacteria on the combination of eight different rice seedling with seven different associative $N_2$-fixing bacteria in which were isolated and identified from grasses and rice in saline and reclaimed saline paddy soil. Those were examined in N-free axenic culture medium. The result of this experiment exemplified the contribution of associative $N_2$-fixing bacteria to their host plant were varied much by the combination of rice cultivars and bacterial strains. Acetylene reduction ($N_2$-fixation) activity seems to be more variable with respect to the combination of rice cultivars and bacterial strains. The relationship between acetylene reduction activity and rice performance such as dry matter weight, plant height, root length, and number of root were statistically insignificant. However, in comparision with the control, the dry matter yield of Annapuruna was increased by inoculation of all the seven bacteria strains. Among the seven rice cultivars, the average acetylene reducing activity was the highest in Annapuruna, and Shingwang, and the lowest in IR-8 inoculated with Pseudomonas sp H8. Among the seven bacterial strains the highest acetylene reducing activity was obtained by the combination of Shingwang with Pseudomonas sp H8.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.18-25
• /
• 2008

Pseudomonas sp. PRGB06, a bacterial strain isolated from diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) gut, was examined for its plant growth promotion and biofertilizing traits. The bacteria growth was observed under various conditions of carbon sources, temperature, pH and salt concentrations. In addition, the mechanisms of antagonism and phosphate solubilization were investigated. The bacterial strain PRGB06, grew well using most of the tested carbon sources. The best growth was observed at $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 7. The inhibition of the pathogenic fungi was likely due to the volatile antifungal metabolite and ammonia gas produced by the bacteria. A significant positive relationship was found between the phosphate solubilization and acid production. When inoculated with PRGB06 in vitro and in gnotobiotic condition, red pepper and maize showed increase in root length, seedling vigor and dry bio-mass.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.367-374
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to establish the micropropagation system of Bupleurum latissimum Nakai that is a Korean native endangered species. Callus were induced from the leaf, petiole and floral bud and the percentage of callus formation was highest in the floral bud on the MS medium containing 2.0 mg ${\cdot}$ $L^{-1}$ 2,4-D. Especially, callus induced from floral bud was formed 77.8% and the percentage of shoot formation was 42.6% on the MS medium containing 2.0 mg ${\cdot}$ $L^{-1}$ 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ${\cdot}$ $L^{-1}$ TDZ. For simultaneously callus formation and shoot regeneration, 1/2 MS medium was more effective than MS medium. The percentage callus formation, shoot regeneration and rooting were 46.3%, 13.0%, 13.0% in 1/2 MS medium, respectively. Soot regeneration from callus was good in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg ${\cdot}$ $L^{-1}$ 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ${\cdot}$ $L^{-1}$ BA where percentage of shoot regeneration was 74.1 %, and the number of shoot per explant was 2.4. The percentage of rooting was lowest (57.8%) in control while it was highest (97.8%) in 1.5 mg ${\cdot}$ $L^{-1}$ NAA. In acclimatization of regenerated plantlets, the percentage of survived plantlets was highest (86.1%), and plant height, root length and fresh weight were good in the soil for horticulture.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2010

This experiment was conducted to establish the micropropagation of Calanthe discolor through multiple shoot formation from the culture of leaf, corm and root explants. Frequency of adventitious shoot formation from leaf explants was higher than those of corms and root explants. Frequency of adventitious shoot formation on medium with various concentrations of BA (0. 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mg/L) and NAA (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L) was tested. The maximun induction of adventitious shoot was obtained on half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA and 1.0 mg/L NAA after 6 weeks of culture. Multiple shoots were transferred onto half strength MS medium with various concentrations of GA3 (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mg/L). The number and length of multiple shoots on medium were highest on medium with 3.0 mg/L GA3. All the adventitious shoot grew well and rooted on half strength MS medium with 3.0 mg/L NAA. The plantlets were acclimatized up to 100% on sand with TKS-II or pearlite with TKS-II.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2004

A soil enrichment LYF-1 culture from a contaminated site, which could reductively dechlorinate 900 $\mu$M (ca. 150 mg/L) of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) stoichimetrically into cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE), was established and characterized. The enrichment culture can use yeast extract, peptone, formate, acetate, lactate, pyruvate, citrate, succinate, glucose, sucrose, and ethanol as electron donors for dechlorination of PCE. Addition of NO$_2$$^{[-10]}$ and NO$_3$$^{[-10]}$ as alternative electron acceptors showed complete inhibition of PCE dechlorination, but S$_2$O$_3$$^{-2}$ , SO$_3$$^{-2}$ and SO$_4$$^{-2}$ had no significant effect on PCE dechlorination. The enrichment culture was attached to ceramic media in an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor. The fixed-bed reactor showed more than 99％ of PCE degradation in the range of PCE loading rate of 0.13-0.78 $\mu$moles/L/hr. The major end product of PCE dechlorination was cis-DCE.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.45-49
• /
• 2002

The leaf and petiole segments of Farfugium japonica were cultured to investigate the influence of growth regulators on their callus induction and plant regeneration. The callus induction and growth showed a good response both leaf and petiole on MS media supplemented with 1∼2 mg/L 2,4-D and 1∼2 mg/L BA. Callus induction and growth were more effective in petiole segments than leaf one. The highest percentage of plant regeneration was obtained from 60-day-old calli on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L NAA and 2 mg/L BA. When subcultured to the same medium for about 60 days, multiple shoots were developed from regenerating callus. The shoots produced roots after transferring to rooting medium containing 0.5 mg/L IAA. The plantlets over 50 mm in height were successfully acclimatized in vermiculite, and the survival rate was over 95%.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.220-223
• /
• 2010

A FA intersectional hybrid lily cultivar 'Cherry Pink' was developed in 2006 at National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) Korea. The cross and immature embryo rescue was conducted between female parents Lilium FA hybrid 'Supia' and male parents L. Asiatic hybrid 'A94-9' by cut style pollination method (CSM) at Suwon in 1999. The first selection was done and was tentatively named as 'FA01-17' in 2001. After in vitro multiplication, bulbing production of 'FA01-17' line, growth and flowering characteristic tests were conducted from 2002 to 2005. The evaluation of characteristics and consumer preferences were surveyed at a lily flower show of NIHHS at Taean in 2006. 'Cherry Pink' flowered in the middle of June and grew more than 120 cm stem in length. Flowers bloomed facing upward, a little spotted in petals and deep pink (RHS, RP27D). The pollen of 'Cherry Pink' was sterile. Year-round flowering can be done by storing the bulb under $-1.5^{\circ}C$ conditions. It was needed to control Botrytis disease in wet season.