• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2007

The current study was undertaken to determine the effect of conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) isomers, cis-9, cis-11(c9c11), cis-9, trans-11(c9t11), trans-9, trans-11(t9t11), trans-10, cis-12(t10c12) on differentiation of pig preadipocytes and myogenic satellite cells during culture. Cells were isolated from new born pigs. The t10c12 isomer decreased differentiation of pig preadipocytes(92%), but not that of myogenic cells. The t9t11 isomer decreased differentiation of preadipocytes(14%) and increased that of myogenic cells (26%). No other CLA isomers affected differentiation of preadipocytes or myogenic cells. The effects of CLA on proliferation of preadipocytes and myogenic cells were small, compared to the effects on differentiation. These results suggest that CLA isomers have different effects on differentiaton of pig preadipocytes and myogenic cells.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2022

QM7 cell, a quail muscle cell line, has been used in various studies. In cell culture, it is well known that the culture medium has a significant influence on cell growth and maintenance of cell characteristics. This study aimed to adjust the culture medium to make it more suitable for QM7 muscle cells. A culture medium was prepared by adding 2% chicken serum (CS) instead of 10% tryptose phosphate broth (TPB) to the conventional culture medium. In the culture medium prepared with CS, the QM7 muscle cells changed from a pointed, thin to a broader shape. In addition, they grew and divided more rapidly in the new culture medium than in the conventional culture medium. The number of cells increased faster in the CS-containing culture medium from day two after passaging, and significantly increased from day three. The muscle cells grown in the medium containing CS maintained their undifferentiated state prior to differentiation. Myotubes formed well when the cells were maintained in CS-containing medium, resulting in a longer length and uniformity. According to the above results, it is clear that the culture of QM7 myocytes using a medium containing CS rather than TPB helps obtain better results in cell maintenance and differentiation.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.117-128
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• 2021

The skeletal muscle development of Hanwoo steer has been processed in the prenatal and postnatal periods. Bovine satellite cell located in perimysium of muscle tissues has differentially distributed in peripheral tissues. The study of postnatal development of satellite cells can help understand the genetic and functional regulation of meat characteristics. Factors affecting muscle size increase are related to the accumulation of DNA or synthesis of RNA proteins. In this study, we observed muscle development and differentiation after culturing bovine satellite cells derived from longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus regions of Hanwoo muscle tissue. In addition, RNA sequencing data were analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in intracellular muscle development and growth. The DEG of the two muscle tissues were compared according to 1day, 2day, 4day, and 7day. The overall gene expression level was confirmed by the heat map. Gene Ontology (GO) classification method was used to compare the expression level of gene groups affecting LD and SM development. The histology of GO was consistent with the time-cause change of LD and SM cell morphology. SM showed more active skeletal muscle development than LD. Even within the same time, SM expressed more genes than LD, thus synthesizing more muscle fibers

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1127-1131
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• 2018

Cortisol, a steroid hormone, functions within metabolism, immune response, and stress. Intense or prolonged physical exercise increases cortisol levels to enhance the gluconeogenesis pathway and stabilize blood glucose level. However, cortisol also exerts a negative impact on muscle function and creates a stressful environment in skeletal muscle cells. The present study investigated the function of cortisol as a stress hormone. To examine the effect of the exercise-induced hormone cortisol on skeletal muscles, C2C12 cells were cultured and treated with cortisol at different concentrations. As a result, we found that the morphology of C2C12 changed remarkably with 5 ug/ml cortisol treatment. Western blot analysis was conducted to learn whether ER-stress and autophagy were induced. We found that the expression ratio of LC3I/LC3II decreased and BiP expression increased after cortisol treatment. In addition, immunocytochemistry analysis with IER3 antibody clearly showed that apoptosis is induced after 12-hour cortisol treatment. These results indicate that cortisol treatment could induce apoptosis, ER-stress, and autophagy in muscle cells. This study would provide valuable information in the study of the effects of exercise on skeletal muscle cells and the development of additives to reduce cortisol stress.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.182-192
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• 2006

Background: Atherosclerosis has emerged as the leading cause of death in developed countries. At present, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) are most commonly used for the investigation of Endothelial cells (EC). However, HUVEC are not found in arteries but only in veins. Currently there are many reports on methods used to isolate EC;, most of these methods require special equipment to remove contaminating smooth muscle cells (SMC). Materials and Methods: The method described here may be used to isolate not only ECs but also SMCs;,the approach presented here did not require special equipment. Rat aorta was treated with 2 mg/ml of type II collagenase solution for 45 minutes. The isolated cells from the aorta were incubated in medium G for a week;, only ECs could be separated. After the collagenase treatment, the rest of aorta was cut lengthwise, and left undisturbed to obtain SMCs in the culture dish for 10 days. To verify the purity of the isolated cells, we performed immunofluorescence and evaluated the results with transmission electron microscopy analysis. Results: The immunofluorescence study demonstrated specific expression of CD31 and ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin in the isolated ECs and SMCs, respectively. Cultured ECs and SMCs showed their own fine structure characteristics. Conclusion: These results suggest that this method for isolating ECs and SMCs may be especially useful for the study of atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2012

Present study was performed to investigate the effect of single and co-culture of adipocyte and muscle cell lines on cell differentiation. 3T3-L1 (adipocyte) and L6 (muscle) cell lines were single-cultured on the condition of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS)/Dulbeco's modified eagle's medium (DMEM) for 48 h followed by culture within 5% FBS/DMEM as a growth media. Then, the growth media was replaced by differentiation media composed of 2% FBS/DMEM without additives in single- or co-culture of the 3T3-L1 and the L6 cells to induce differentiation of both cell types. In co-culture system, the 3T3-L1 and the L6 cells were grown in separated places by being seeded on a $0.4{\mu}m$ insert membrane and on the bottom of 6 well plate, respectively. Cell differentiation was measured using morphological investigation and cytosolic analysis of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH; for 3T3-L1) and creatine kinase (CK; for L6). Based on the GPDH results, the presence of L6 cells did not stimulate 3T3-L1 differentiation showing more differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells in the single-culture compared to the co-culture condition. In contrast, 3T3-L1 cells in the co-culture promoted differentiation of L6 cells. Enzymatic analysis supported this result showing that 3T3-L1 cells showed statistically (P<0.05) higher GPDH activity in the single-culture than the co-culture, whereas CK results of L6 cells were vice versa (P<0.05). Overall, present results may indicate that co-culture system is more reliable and precise technique compared to single-culture. Further studies on several co-culture trials including different media conditions, supplementation of differentiating substances, molecular biological analysis, etc. should be required to obtain practical and fundamental mass data.

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.25-26
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• 2000

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.60-66
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• 2023

Lentinula edodes is one of the most produced mushrooms in the world. In this study, the effects of L. edodes water extracts and lentinan, a beta-glucan from this mushroom, on the proliferation of Bos taurus Hanwoo myosatellite cells were studied. The betaglucan content of the L. edodes water extract was approximately 15.20% at 85 ℃ for 4 h, 13.64% at 100 ℃ for 4 h, 9.48% at 40 ℃ for 8 h and 8.21% at room temperature for 24 h. L. edodes water extract was added to the culture of Hanwoo myosatellite cells. The expression of the MyoD gene increased in the addition of the extract at 40 ℃ for 8 h and 100 ℃ for 4 h, and the expression of the Myogenin gene increased in the addition of the extract at 40 ℃ for 8 h, but proliferation and activity did not increase compared to no addition. However, the addition of lentinan to the culture of Hanwoo myosatellite cells increased the expression of Myogenin gene related to muscle formation increased and the proliferation and viability of the cells. This study proved that the components of L. edodes can affect the proliferation of Hanwoo myosatellite cells, and further research will help develop the mushroom industry and cultured meat industry in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.51-60
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• 2002

인간이라는 개체는 한 개의 수정란에서 발생을 시작하여 개체의 크기에 따라 60조에서 100조개 정도의 세포로 구성되며, 각 세포는 모두 동일한 유전자를 가지고 있다. 인간의 염색체에 존재하는 유전자의 염기서열이 밝혀진 현재, 세포의 고유 기능을 유지하기 위하여 발현되는 유전자는 약35,000개 정도로 알려져 있다. 그러나 장기 또는 조직을 이루는 세포들은 그 조직에 따라 발현되는 유전자가 서로 다르기 때문에 상피세포, 혈액세포, 근육세포 등 모양과 기능이 다른 210여 가지의 세포로 분화되어 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.145-153
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• 2002

유해 화학 물질류에 의해 오염된 해양 환경 시료의 환경독성 수준을 평가하기 위하여 다양한 화학물질에 대해 민감성이 우수한 생물학적 독성평가기법을 개발 하고자하였다. 지속성 유기오염 물질 중 다환 방향 족 탄화수소(PAHs)를 처리한 광어(Conger myriaster)와 개조개(Saxidomus pupurata)의 DNA 손상정도를 single cell gel electrophoresis assay(comet assay)를 통해 분석하였다. PAHs 중 광양만에서 높은 농도로 검출되는 benzo(a)pyrene을 농도별(0, 10, 50, 100 ppb)로 처리한 후 2일과 4일에 광어의 혈액세포와 개조개의 근육세포를 채취해 comet assay를 실시하였다. benso(a)pyrene에 대한 DNA 손상정도를 처리된 농도와 생물종에 따라 다르게 나타났는데 광어의 혈액세포는 2일에 가장 DNA 손상정도가 높았고, 4일에는 회복되는 경향을 나타냈다. 개조개의 근육세포는 시간이 지나면서 DNA 손상정도가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과는 comet assay 기법이 유해 화학물질로 오염된 해양생물 종의 환경독성을 검색하는 유용한 수단이 될 수 있음을 보여준다.