• Defense and Technology
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• no.5 s.123
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• pp.58-70
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• 1989

일본은 '86년부터 중기방위력 증강계획을 착실히 추진해가고 있다. 제4차년도인 1989년의 사업계획은 내빈화 및 질높은 방위력 정비에 주안점을 두고 8개 부문으로 나뉘어 구성되었다. 이에 따라 정면에 대해 지휘통신.정보기능등 상당한 개선책을 강구할수 있게 되었다. 전체적으로 균형이 잡혀있는 것으로 보인다

• Defense and Technology
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• no.1 s.275
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• pp.22-31
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• 2002

한국의 해군력 건설 방향은 미래 해양 안보환경과 국가경제력에 상응함은 물론 주변국 해군에 대해 균형자적 역할을 담당할 수 있는 정예 해군력으로 건설해야 할 것이다. 이런 의미에서 수상 전투함은 높은 안정성, 고감도 탐지 장비와 함정 전투체계에 의한 성분작전 수행 능력 및 전역 탄도미사일 방어를 위한 탐지, 추적, 요격 및 실시간 지휘통제를 위한 함정 전투체계의 능력완비 등을 목표로 개발해 나가야 할 것이다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.779-787
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• 2023

Previous research regarding budget analysis has been mostly limited to describing annual changes in defense budgets relative to total budgets without a theoretical background. More empirical defense budget research is needed with better data. This study conducts an empirical analysis of national defense expenditures using Punctuated Equilibrium Theory (PET). The purpose of this study is to examine trends in the Republic of Korea's (ROK) functional defense budgets (total defense budget, force operation budget, force improvement budget) and to identify and analyze radical points of change in the defense budget using punctuated equilibrium theory. This study also explores trends and punctuations in the national defense budgets using annual defense budget data from the ROK for every year from 1998 to 2017. This study finds that from 1998 to 2017 the spending pattern of the total defense budget in the ROK was characterized by 19 years of stable growth and a one-time punctuation (5.0%). The force operation budget exhibited stable growth in eighteen years and was punctuated twice (10%). The force improvement budget was punctuated five times.

• Maritime Security
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.73-114
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• 2021

This study examines the distribution of power in Northeast Asia based on the balance of power theory, a representative theory of realism, assuming military capabilities as the core power of states. The results of previous studies on the balance of power and military forces are reviewed and used to analyze changes in the strength of the US, China, Russia, Japan, South Korea, and North Korea through 2020 to predict the security environment in 2030. In the balance of power theory, if the balance of power between a nation or a group of powers collapses, the possibility of war is high, and to survive in the international community with high uncertainty and distrust, the theory predicts that states must increase their powers in a self-help world and strengthen cooperation and alliance. Countries in Northeast Asia are also continuing to strengthen their military capabilities, and countries neighboring China are paying keen attention and remaining vigilant due to the rapid changes in the international security environment after the rapid rise of China. To mark the future 100th anniversary of the Chinese armed forces in the 2030s, China aims to realize 'defense and military modernization' and build a 'world-class military force' by the nation's 100th anniversary in the 2050s. The US is busy checking China's rise by strengthening international cooperation and alliances. The security environment and power dynamics in Northeast Asia are slowly changing as the US and China continue to compete for global hegemony. The changes and implications of the distribution of power in Northeast Asia after 2030 are examined based on the balance of power theory.

• The Journal of shipping and logistics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 2019

This study applied the statistically significant factors to the short-run model in the existing nonlinear long-run equilibrium relation analysis for the forecasting of maritime economy using the mixed cycle model. The most common univariate AR(1) model and out-of-sample forecasting are compared with the root mean squared forecasting error from the mixed-frequency model, and the prediction power of the mixed-frequency approach is confirmed to be better than the AR(1) model. The empirical results from the analysis suggest that the new approach of high-level mixed frequency model is a useful for forecasting marine industry. It is consistent that the inclusion of more information, such as higher frequency, in the analysis of long-run equilibrium framework is likely to improve the forecasting power of short-run models in multivariate time series analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.157-165
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine whether unstable surface core exercise is more effective than stable surface core exercise on improving functional movement and balance and reducing pain in sedentary female workers with backpain. Participants were randomly assigned to an unstable surface core exercise(UEG; n=10) or a stable surface core exercise(SEG; n=10) group. They participated in the given exercise for 8 weeks. FMS, Y-Balance and VAS were measured before and after the participation in exercise, which were subjected to a repeated-measures ANOVA. In the case of a significant interaction between time and group, paired sample t-tests were conducted for a post hoc analysis within each subject group. Results indicated that FMS of the UEG had a significant effect on HS (p<.01), ASLR (p<.05) and TS(p<.001), but not for other variables. YBT did not show a significant effect for any variable (AT, PL, PM, TS), although the main effect of time was significant in both subject groups. VAS had a significant effect only in the UEG(p<.001). Our findings indicate that compared to SEG, UEG is more effective for improving functional movement and reducing pain, but not for improving balance, in sedentary female workers with backpain.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.147-155
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• 2009

Occlusion force measuring and analysis is a diagnostic method of tooth dynamics through the related force analysis. In this paper, we design and implement a series of occlusion force measuring software and evaluate its utility as a base system for a new occlusion force measure and analysis system development. For the reason, we developed a group of tools to measure the normal and abnormal occlusion force. Firstly, we have visualized the occlusion force distribution with quantitative figures. The center of force (COF) variation was visualized the path of marker according to teeth dynamics and the distribution of occlusion forces in 14 tooth regions. Secondly, we have implemented a left and right tooth force balance measurement ratio tool to estimate a specific tooth region force. Furthermore, the measured occlusion force variation recorded in the software each 0.5 second. As the result of the physical examination by the accessed hardware of sensor sheet method, we confirmed the distribution and balance of forces effectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.291-300
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• 1999

본 논문은 인공신경망과 귀납적 학습방법 등의 인공지능 방법과 선물가격결정에 대한 기존 재무이론을 사용하여 일상어취로 표현되는 파생상품 가격예측 모형을 개발하는데 있다. 모형의 개발은 1단계로 인공신경망이나 기존의 선물가격결정이론(평균보 유비용모형이나 일반균형모형)을 이용하여 선물 가격을 예측한 후, 서로 비교 분석하여 인공신경망 모형의 우수성을 확인하였다. 귀납적 학습방법중 CART 알고리듬을 사용하여 If-Then 규칙을 생성하였다. 특히 실용적 측면에서 선물가격의 일상어휘화를 통한 모형개발을 여러 가지 방법으로 시도하였다. 이러한 선물가격 예측모형의 유용성은 일단 If-Then 규칙으로 표현되어 전문가의 판단에 확실한 이론적인 근거를 제시할 수 있는 장점이 있으며, 특히 의사결정지원시스템으로 활용화 될 경우 매우 유용한 근거자료로 활용될 수 있다. 이러한 선물가격 예측모형의 정확성은 분석표본과 검증표본으로 나누어 검증표본에서 세가지 기본모형(평균보유 비용모형, 일반균형모형, 인공신경망 모형)과 각 모형의 귀납적 학습방법 모형의 다른 3가지 어휘표현방법 3가지를 모형별로 비교 분석하였다. 분석결과 인공신경망모형은 상당한 예측력을 갖고 있는 것으로 판명되었으며, 특히 CART를 기반으로 한 일상어취 기반의 선물가격예측 모형은 예측력이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.137-159
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• 2000

재무경제학에서 많은 연구들이 주식가격과 거시경제활동과의 이론적 모형을 설정하고 이를 점증하고자 하였다. 이 분야에서 지금까지 주로 ARMAX 모형이나 VAR 모형들이 사용되어 왔으나, 이러한 방법들은 주식가격과 거시경제변수들간의 장기적인 균형관계를 파악할 수 없다는 한계점을 안고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 한계점을 극복할 수 있는 VECM을 이용하여 우리나라 증권시장과 거시경제변수들간의 장기적인 균형관계를 규명하고자 함에 있다. 검증결과, 모든 변수들의 시계열이 불안정적인 것으로 확인된 관계로, 다변량시계열의 공적분 관계를 검증하는 Johansen 검증을 VECM 모형의 구조 안에서 실시하였다. 종합주가지수와 거시경제변수들간에는 장기적 안정관계를 나타내는 공적분관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 종합주가지수와 거시경제변수들간의 관계는 대부분 이론적인 관계에서 예상하는 부호와 동일한 부호를 갖으며 통계적으로도 유의하였다. 그리고, VECM의 설명력이 종래에 주로 사용하였던 VAR 모형의 설명력보다 더 우월하게 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.223-238
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• 2008

this work is given a new pseudoniverse matrix method for balancing chemical equations. Here offered method is founded on virtue of the solution of a Diophantine matrix equation by using of a Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse matrix. The method has been tested on several typical chemical equations and found to be very successful for the all equations in our extensive balancing research. This method, which works successfully without any limitations, also has the capability to determine the feasibility of a new chemical reaction, and if it is feasible, then it will balance the equation. Chemical equations treated here possess atoms with fractional oxidation numbers. Also, in the present work are introduced necessary and sufficient criteria for stability of chemical equations over stability of their extended matrices.